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a)\(a^2+ab+b^2=a^2+\dfrac{2ab}{2}+\left(\dfrac{b}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3b^2}{4}\)
\(=\left(a+\dfrac{b}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3b^2}{4}\ge0\forall a,b\)
b)\(a^4+b^4\ge a^3b+ab^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3\left(a-b\right)-b^3\left(a-b\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^3-b^3\right)\left(a-b\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)\ge0\forall a,b\)
(a + b + c)2 = a2 + b2 + c2 + 2ab + 2ac + 2bc
Vì 2ab < (a2 + b2) , 2ac < (a2 + c2) , 2bc < (b2 + c2)
Nên (a + b + c)2 < a2 + b2 + c2 + (a2 + b2) + (a2 + c2) + (b2 + c2) = 3(a2 + b2 + c2)
1. Đề thiếu
2. BĐT cần chứng minh tương đương:
\(a^4+b^4+c^4\ge abc\left(a+b+c\right)\)
Ta có:
\(a^4+b^4+c^4\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2\ge\dfrac{1}{3}.3abc\left(a+b+c\right)\) (đpcm)
3.
Ta có:
\(\left(a^6+b^6+1\right)\left(1+1+1\right)\ge\left(a^3+b^3+1\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\left(a^3+b^3+1+b^3+c^3+1+c^3+a^3+1\right)\)
\(VT\ge\sqrt{3}+\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{3}}\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)\)
Lại có:
\(a^3+b^3+1\ge3ab\) ; \(b^3+c^3+1\ge3bc\) ; \(c^3+a^3+1\ge3ca\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)+3\ge3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=9\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3\ge3\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\sqrt{3}+\dfrac{6}{\sqrt{3}}=3\sqrt{3}\)
4.
Ta có:
\(a^3+1+1\ge3a\) ; \(b^3+1+1\ge3b\) ; \(c^3+1+1\ge3c\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3+6\ge3\left(a+b+c\right)=9\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3\ge3\)
5.
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{c}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{c}}\) ; \(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{c}{a}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{c}{b}}\) ; \(\dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{c}{a}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{b}{a}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\dfrac{b}{a}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{c}{b}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{c}}\le\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{c}{a}=1\)
Bunhiacopxki:
\(\left(a^2+b+c+d\right)\left(1+b+c+d\right)\ge\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2=16\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a^2+b+c+d}\le\dfrac{1+b+c+d}{16}\)
Tương tự:
\(\dfrac{1}{b^2+c+d+a}\le\dfrac{1+c+d+a}{16}\) ; \(\dfrac{1}{c^2+d+a+b}\le\dfrac{1+d+a+b}{16}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{d^2+a+b+c}\le\dfrac{1+a+b+c}{16}\)
Cộng vế:
\(P\le\dfrac{4+3\left(a+b+c+d\right)}{16}=1\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=d=1\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy cho 2 bộ số thực không âm
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b\ge2\sqrt{ab}\\c+d\ge2\sqrt{cd}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b+c+d\ge2\left(\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{cd}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b+c+d}{4}\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{cd}}{2}\) (1)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy cho 2 bộ số thực không âm
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{cd}\ge2\sqrt{\sqrt{abcd}}=2\sqrt[4]{abcd}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{cd}}{2}\ge\dfrac{2\sqrt[4]{abcd}}{2}=\sqrt[4]{abcd}\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b+c+d}{4}\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{cd}}{2}\ge\sqrt[4]{abcd}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b+c+d}{4}\ge\sqrt[4]{abcd}\) ( đpcm )
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=d\)
Ta có:
\(x^4+y^4\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge\dfrac{1}{2}.2xy\left(x^2+y^2\right)=xy\left(x^2+y^2\right)\)
Áp dụng:
\(P\le\dfrac{a}{a+bc\left(b^2+c^2\right)}+\dfrac{b}{b+ca\left(c^2+a^2\right)}+\dfrac{c}{c+ab\left(a^2+b^2\right)}\)
\(P\le\dfrac{a^2}{a^2+abc\left(b^2+c^2\right)}+\dfrac{b^2}{b^2+abc\left(c^2+a^2\right)}+\dfrac{c^2}{c^2+abc\left(a^2+b^2\right)}=1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
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