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Bài 1:
Ta có: \(2n^2\left(n+1\right)-2n\left(n^2+n-3\right)\)
\(=2n^3+2n^2-2n^3-2n^2+6n\)
\(=6n⋮6\)
1) \(2n^2\left(n+1\right)-2n\left(n^2+n-3\right)=2n^3+2n^2-2n^3-2n^2+6n=6n⋮6\forall n\in Z\)
2) \(n\left(3-2n\right)-\left(n-1\right)\left(1+4n\right)-1=3n-2n^2-4n^2+3n+1-1=-6n^2+6n=6\left(-n^2+n\right)⋮6\forall n\in Z\)
n(2n-3)-2n(n+1)
=2n^2-3n-2n^2-2n
=-5n
-5n chia het cho 5 voi moi so nguyên n vi -5 chia het cho 5
vay n(2n-3)-2n(n+1) chia het cho 5
Ta có: \(n\left(2n-3\right)-2n\left(n+1\right)\) = \(2n^2-3n-2n^2-2n\)
= \(-5n\)
Vì \(-5⋮5\) => -5n \(⋮\) 5
=> \(n\left(2n-3\right)-2n\left(n+1\right)\) \(⋮\) 5 với mọi n \(\in\) Z
\(n\left(2n-3\right)-2n\left(n+1\right)\)
\(=2n^2-3n-2n^2-2n\)
\(=-5n\)
\(-5n\)chia hết cho \(5\)với mọi số nguyên \(n\)vì \(-5\)chia hết cho \(5\)
Vậy : \(n\left(2n-3\right)-2n\left(n+1\right)\)chia hết cho \(5\)
Ta có:\(n^4+3n^3-n^2-3n=n^3.\left(n+3\right)-n.\left(n+3\right)=\left(n+3\right).\left(n^3-n\right)=\left(n+3\right).n.\left(n^2-1\right)=n.\left(n-1\right).\left(n+1\right).\left(n+3\right)⋮6\)b)Ta có:\(\left(2n-1\right)^3-2n+1=\left(2n-1\right).\left(\left(2n-1\right)^2-1\right)=\left(2n-1\right).\left(2n-1-1\right).\left(2n-1+1\right)=2n.\left(2n-1\right).\left(2n-2\right)⋮24\)
\(b.\)\(\left(2n-1\right)^3-\left(2n-1\right)=\left(2n-1\right)\left[\left(2n-1\right)^2-1\right]\)
\(=\left(2n-1\right)\left[\left(2n-1\right)^2-1^2\right]=\left(2n-1\right)\left(2n-1-1\right)\left(2n-1+1\right)\)
\(\text{Áp dụng hằng đẳng thức }\)\(a^2-b^2=\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)\)
\(=\left(2n-1\right)\left(2n-2\right).2n=\left(2n-1\right).2\left(n-1\right).2n\)
\(=\left(2n-1\right).4.n\left(n-1\right)\)
\(n\left(n-1\right)⋮2\)(vì là tích 2 số liên tiếp)
\(\Rightarrow\left(2n-1\right).4.n\left(n-1\right)⋮\left(4.2\right)=8\)
\(\left(2n-1\right).4.n\left(n-1\right)⋮8\RightarrowĐPCM\)