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31(xyzt+xy+xt+zt+1)=40(yzt+y+t)31(xyzt+xy+xt+zt+1)=40(yzt+y+t)
⇒xyzt+xy+xt+zt+1yzt+y+t=4031⇒xyzt+xy+xt+zt+1yzt+y+t=4031
⇒x(yzt+y+t)+zt+1yzt+y+t=4031⇒x(yzt+y+t)+zt+1yzt+y+t=4031
⇒x+zt+1yzt+y+t=4031⇒x+zt+1yzt+y+t=4031
⇒x+1(yzt+y+tzt+1)=4031⇒x+1(yzt+y+tzt+1)=4031
⇒x+1(y+tzt+1)=4031⇒x+1(y+tzt+1)=4031
⇒x+1y+1(zt+1t)=4031⇒x+1y+1(zt+1t)=4031
⇒x+1y+1z+1t=4031⇒x+1y+1z+1t=4031
4031<6231=2⇒x<24031<6231=2⇒x<2
Với x = 0; có :
1y+1z+1t=40311y+1z+1t=4031
⇒y+1z+1t=3140⇒y+1z+1t=3140
Mà 3140<1⇒y<1⇒y=03140<1⇒y<1⇒y=0
⇒1z+1t=3140⇒1z+1t=3140
⇒z+1t=4031⇒z+1t=4031
⋅z=0⇒t=3140∉Z⋅z=0⇒t=3140∉Z(Loại )
⋅z=1⇒t=319∉Z⋅z=1⇒t=319∉Z(Loại )
Với x=1;x=1;ta có :
1y+1z+1t=4031−11y+1z+1t=4031−1
⇒1y+1z+1t=931⇒1y+1z+1t=931
⇒y+1z+1t=319⇒y+1z+1t=319
319<369=4⇒y<4319<369=4⇒y<4
⋅y=0⇒z+1t=931⇒z=0⇒t=319∉Z⋅y=0⇒z+1t=931⇒z=0⇒t=319∉Z(Loại)
⋅y=1⇒z+1t=922⇒z=0⇒t=229∉Z⋅y=1⇒z+1t=922⇒z=0⇒t=229∉Z(Loại)
⋅y=2⇒z+1t=913⇒z=0⇒t=139∉Z⋅y=2⇒z+1t=913⇒z=0⇒t=139∉Z(Loại )
⋅y=3⇒z+1t=94⋅y=3⇒z+1t=94
94<3⇒z<394<3⇒z<3
z=0⇒t=49∉Zz=0⇒t=49∉Zz=1⇒t=45∉Zz=1⇒t=45∉Zz=2⇒t=4z=2⇒t=4( Thỏa mãn )
Vậy x=1;y=3;z=2;t=4.
Bài này x;y;z phải dương chứ nhỉ? Có dấu "=" ở số 0 thế kia thì bối rối quá
Dự đoán dấu "=" xảy ra tại \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{2}\)
Theo nguyên lý Dirichlet, trong 3 số x;y;z luôn tồn tại 2 số nằm cùng phía so với \(\frac{1}{2}\) ; giả sử đó là x và y
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)\left(y-\frac{1}{2}\right)\ge0\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{2}\left(x+y\right)-xy\le\frac{1}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+y-2xy\le\frac{1}{2}\)
Mặt khác:
\(1=2xyz+x^2+y^2+z^2\ge2xyz+2xy+z^2=2xy\left(1+z\right)+z^2\)
\(\Rightarrow1-z^2\ge2xy\left(1+z\right)\Leftrightarrow\left(1-z\right)\left(1+z\right)\ge2xy\left(1+z\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1-z\ge2xy\Rightarrow xy\le\frac{1-z}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow P=xy+z\left(x+y-2xy\right)\le\frac{1-z}{2}+\frac{z}{2}=\frac{1}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{2}\)
Ta có: \(x+y+z=1\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x+yz}=\sqrt{x\left(x+y+z\right)+yz}=\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}\\\sqrt{y+xz}=\sqrt{y\left(x+y+z\right)+xz}=\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)}\\\sqrt{z+xy}=\sqrt{z\left(x+y+z\right)+xy}=\sqrt{\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)}\end{cases}}\)
Ta viết lại A
\(A=\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}+\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)}+\sqrt{\left(y+z\right)\left(x+z\right)}\)
Áp dụng bđt AM-GM:
\(A\le\frac{x+y+x+z+x+y+y+z+y+z+x+z}{2}=2\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\frac{1}{3}\)
\(x+yz=x\left(x+y+z\right)+yz\)
\(=x^2+xy+xz+yz\)
\(=x\left(x+y\right)+z\left(x+y\right)=\left(x+z\right)\left(x+y\right)\)
+ Tương tự : \(y+xz=\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\)
\(z+xy=\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)\)
+ Theo bđt AM-GM : \(\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}\le\frac{x+y+x+z}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\left(y-1\right)}\le\frac{2x+y+z}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x+y=x+z\Leftrightarrow y=z\)
+ Tương tự ta cm đc :
\(\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)}\le\frac{x+2y+z}{2}\). Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=z\)
\(\sqrt{\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)}\le\frac{x+y+2z}{2}\). Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y\)
Do đó : \(A\le\frac{4\left(x+y+z\right)}{2}=2\)
A = 2 \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\frac{1}{3}\)
Vậy Max A = 2 \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\frac{1}{3}\)
\(x^2+y^2+z^2+4xyz=2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-y-z\right)^2=\left(1-x\right)4yz\ge0\\ \Leftrightarrow1-x\ge0\Leftrightarrow0< x\le1\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-y-z\right)^2=\left(1-x\right)4yz\le\left(1-x\right)\left(y+z\right)^2\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2-2x\left(y+z\right)+\left(y+z\right)^2\le\left(1-x\right)\left(y+z\right)^2\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2-2x\left(y+z\right)\le\left(y+z\right)^2\left(1-x-1\right)=-x\left(y+z\right)^2\\ \Leftrightarrow x-2\left(y+z\right)\le-\left(y+z\right)^2\\ \Leftrightarrow x\le\left(y+z\right)\left[2-\left(y+z\right)\right]\)
Đặt \(2-\left(y+z\right)=t\)
\(P=x\left(1-y\right)\left(1-z\right)\le x\left(\dfrac{1-y+1-z}{2}\right)^2=\dfrac{x\left[2-\left(y+z\right)\right]^2}{4}\\ \Leftrightarrow4P\le x\left[2-\left(y+z\right)\right]^2\le\left(y+z\right)\left[2-\left(y+z\right)\right]^3\\ \Leftrightarrow4P\le t^3\left(2-t\right)=\dfrac{27}{16}-\dfrac{\left(4t^2+4t+3\right)\left(2t-3\right)^2}{16}\)
Mà \(-\dfrac{\left(4t^2+4t+3\right)\left(2t-3\right)^2}{16}\le0\Leftrightarrow4P\le\dfrac{27}{16}\Leftrightarrow P\le\dfrac{27}{64}\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{3}{4};y=z=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
Đặt \(\left(x+1;y+1;z+4\right)=\left(a;b;c\right)\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a;b;c>0\\a+b+c=6\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(A=\frac{\left(a-1\right)\left(b-1\right)-1}{ab}+\frac{c-4}{c}=\frac{ab-a-b}{ab}+\frac{c-4}{c}\)
\(A=2-\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{4}{c}\right)\le2-\frac{\left(1+1+2\right)^2}{a+b+c}=2-\frac{16}{6}=-\frac{2}{3}\)
\(A_{max}=-\frac{2}{3}\) khi \(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(\frac{3}{2};\frac{3}{2};3\right)\) hay \(\left(x;y;z\right)=\left(\frac{1}{2};\frac{1}{2};-1\right)\)
Áp dụng Bất đẳng thức AM-GM cho 4 số dương :
\(\Rightarrow2x+xy+z+yzt\ge4\sqrt[4]{2x^2y^2z^2t}\)
\(\Rightarrow1\ge4\sqrt[4]{2x^2y^2z^2t}\Rightarrow1\ge512.x^2y^2z^2t\Rightarrow x^2y^2z^2t\le\dfrac{1}{512}\)
=> MaxI=\(\dfrac{1}{152}\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{8}\\y=2\\z=\dfrac{1}{4}\\t=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Hà Nam Phan Đình cho tớ hỏi BĐT AM-GM là BĐT gì vậy? và lớp mấy được hok vậy ạ?