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Đặt \(a=y+z,b=z+x,c=x+y\) (với a > 0, b > 0, c> 0)
\(\Rightarrow x=\frac{b+c-a}{2},y=\frac{c+a-b}{2},z=\frac{a+b-c}{2}\). Ta có
\(VT\) \(P=\frac{25\left(b+c-a\right)}{2a}+\frac{4\left(c+a-b\right)}{2b}+\frac{9\left(a+b-c\right)}{2c}\)\(=\left(\frac{25b}{2a}+\frac{4a}{2b}\right)+\left(\frac{25c}{2a}+\frac{9a}{2c}\right)+\left(\frac{4c}{2b}+\frac{9b}{2c}\right)-19\ge10+15+6-19=12\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5b=2a\\5c=3a\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow5b+5c=5a\Rightarrow x=0\left(vôlis\right)\)
Vậy BĐT P đúng
cái chỗ \(x=\frac{b+c-a}{2},y=\frac{c+a-b}{2},z=\frac{a+b-c}{2}\) là thế nào vậy??
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy cho hai số dương :
\(\frac{x^3}{y^2}+x\ge2\sqrt{\frac{x^3}{y^2}\cdot x}=2\frac{x^2}{y}\)
\(\frac{y^3}{z^2}+y\ge2\frac{y^2}{z}\)
\(\frac{z^3}{x^2}+z\ge2\frac{z^2}{x}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^3}{y^2}+\frac{y^3}{z^2}+\frac{z^3}{x^2}\ge2\left(\frac{x^2}{y}+\frac{y^2}{z}+\frac{z^2}{x}\right)-\left(x+y+z\right)\)
Mà \(\frac{x^2}{y}+\frac{y^2}{z}+\frac{z^2}{x}\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z}=x+y+z\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^3}{y^2}+\frac{y^3}{z^2}+\frac{z^3}{y^2}\ge\frac{x^2}{y}+\frac{y^2}{z}+\frac{z^2}{x}\)
\(x^4y+x^2y-x^2y=x^2y\left(x^2+1\right)-x^2y.\)
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{x^2y\left(x^2+1\right)-x^2y}{\left(x^2+1\right)}=x^2y-\frac{x^2y}{\left(x^2+1\right)}\\\frac{y^2z\left(y^2+1\right)-y^2z}{\left(y^2+1\right)}=y^2z-\frac{y^2z}{\left(y^2+1\right)}\\\frac{z^2x\left(z^2+1\right)-z^2x}{\left(z^2+1\right)}=z^2x-\frac{z^2x}{\left(z^2+1\right)}\end{cases}}Vt\ge x^2y+y^2z+z^2x-\left(\frac{x^2y}{x^2+1}+\frac{y^2z}{y^2+1}+\frac{z^2x}{z^2+1}\right)\)
\(\hept{\begin{cases}x^2+1\ge2x\\y^2+1\ge2y\\z^2+1\ge2z\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}-\frac{x^2y}{x^2+1}\ge\frac{x^2y}{2x}=\frac{xy}{2}\\\frac{y^2z}{2y}=\frac{yz}{2}\\\frac{z^2x}{2z}=\frac{xz}{2}\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}VT\ge x^2y+y^2z+z^2x-\left(\frac{xy+yz+zx}{2}\right)}\)
\(x^2y+y^2z+z^2x\ge3\sqrt[3]{x^3y^3z^3}=3\)
\(VT\ge3-\frac{\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}{2}\)
t chỉ làm dc đến đây thôi :))
Từ \(VT\ge x^2y+y^2z+z^2x-\left(\frac{xy+yz+zx}{2}\right)\)ta có:
\(x^2y+x^2y+y^2z=x^2y+x^2y+\frac{y}{x}\ge3xy\)(áp dụng BĐT Cauchy)
Tương tự : \(y^2z+y^2z+z^2x\ge3yz\); \(z^2x+z^2x+x^2y\ge3zx\)
Cộng vế theo vế suy ra : \(3\left(x^2y+y^2z+z^2x\right)\ge3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2y+y^2z+z^2x\ge xy+yz+zx\)
\(\Leftrightarrow VT\ge\frac{xy+yz+zx}{2}\ge\frac{3\sqrt[3]{x^2y^2z^2}}{2}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x = y = z = 1
Bài 1: \(T=\sqrt{\frac{x^3}{x^3+8y^3}}+\sqrt{\frac{4y^3}{y^3+\left(x+y\right)^3}}\)
\(=\frac{x^2}{\sqrt{x\left(x^3+8y^3\right)}}+\frac{2y^2}{\sqrt{y\left[y^3+\left(x+y\right)^3\right]}}\)
\(=\frac{x^2}{\sqrt{\left(x^2+2xy\right)\left(x^2-2xy+4y^2\right)}}+\frac{2y^2}{\sqrt{\left(xy+2y^2\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}}\)
\(\ge\frac{2x^2}{2x^2+4y^2}+\frac{4y^2}{2y^2+\left(x+y\right)^2}\ge\frac{2x^2}{2x^2+4y^2}+\frac{4y^2}{2x^2+4y^2}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow T\ge1\)
Bài 2:
[Toán 10] Bất đẳng thức | Page 5 | HOCMAI Forum - Cộng đồng học sinh Việt Nam
\(\Sigma\frac{x^3}{y^2}=\Sigma\frac{x}{y^2}\left(x-y\right)^2+\frac{\Sigma z\left(x^3-yz^2\right)^2}{xyz\left(x+y+z\right)}+\Sigma\frac{x^2}{y}\ge\frac{x^2}{y}+\frac{y^2}{z}+\frac{z^2}{x}\)
\(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}+\frac{1}{z+x}\le\frac{1}{4x}+\frac{1}{4y}+\frac{1}{4z}+\frac{9}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}+\frac{1}{z+x}\right)\le\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\frac{1}{4x}+\frac{1}{4y}+\frac{1}{4z}\right)+\frac{9}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{z}{x+y}+\frac{x}{y+z}+\frac{y}{z+x}\le\frac{y+z}{4x}+\frac{z+x}{4y}+\frac{x+y}{4z}\)
Ta có:
\(VP=\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{x}{z}+\frac{y}{x}+\frac{y}{z}+\frac{z}{x}+\frac{z}{y}\right)\)
\(\ge\frac{x}{y+z}+\frac{y}{z+x}+\frac{z}{x+y}=VT\)
\(\frac{x^3}{y}+\frac{y^3}{z}+\frac{z^3}{x}=\frac{x^4}{xy}+\frac{y^4}{yz}+\frac{z^4}{zx}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{xy+yz+zx}\ge\frac{\left(xy+yz+zx\right)^2}{xy+yz+zx}=xy+yz+zx\)
Mơn alibaba Nguyen nha nhung có thể chỉ rõ ra b áp dụng bất đẳng thức nào đc k