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+ Theo bđt cauchy :
\(\frac{1}{x^2+x}+\frac{x}{2}+\frac{x+1}{4}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x\left(x+1\right)}\cdot\frac{x}{2}\cdot\frac{x+1}{4}}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{x\left(x+1\right)}=\frac{x}{2}=\frac{x+1}{4}\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
+ Tương tự :
\(\frac{1}{y^2+y}+\frac{y}{2}+\frac{y+1}{4}\ge\frac{3}{2}\) Dấu "=" <=> y = 1
\(\frac{1}{z^2+z}+\frac{z}{2}+\frac{z+1}{4}\ge\frac{3}{2}\) Dấu "=" <=> z = 1
Do đó : \(P+\frac{x+y+z}{2}+\frac{x+y+z+3}{4}\ge\frac{9}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow P+\frac{3}{2}+\frac{3}{2}\ge\frac{9}{2}\) \(\Rightarrow P\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" <=> x = y = z = 1
Ta có đánh giá: \(\frac{1}{x^2+x}\ge\frac{5-3x}{4}\) \(\forall x>0\)
Thật vậy, BĐT tương đương:
\(\Leftrightarrow4\ge\left(x^2+x\right)\left(5-3x\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x^3-2x^2-5x+4\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2\left(3x+4\right)\ge0\) (luôn đúng \(\forall x>0\))
Tương tự ta có: \(\frac{1}{y^2+y}\ge\frac{5-3y}{4}\) ; \(\frac{1}{z^2+z}\ge\frac{5-3z}{4}\)
Cộng vế với vế: \(P\ge\frac{15-3\left(x+y+z\right)}{4}=\frac{15-9}{4}=\frac{3}{2}\)
\(P_{min}=\frac{3}{2}\) khi \(x=y=z=1\)
\(\frac{3}{2}x^2+y^2+z^2+yz=1\Leftrightarrow3x^2+2y^2+2z^2+2yz=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2yz+2zx\right)+\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(x^2-2xz+z^2\right)=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2+\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x-z\right)^2=2\)
Suy ra : \(A^2\le2\Rightarrow A\le\sqrt{2}\)
Vậy Max A = \(\sqrt{2}\) khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=y\\x=z\\x+y+z=\sqrt{2}\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}x=y=z=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{3}\)
Ta luôn có:
\(xy+yz+zx\le x^2+y^2+z^2\)\(=3\); dấu "=" xảy ra ⇔\(x=y=z\)
\(x\le\frac{x^2+1}{2}\); dấu "=" xảy ra ⇔ \(x=1\)
\(y\le\frac{y^2+1}{2}\); dấu "=" xảy ra ⇔ \(y=1\)
\(z\le\frac{z^2+1}{2}\); dấu "=" xảy ra ⇔ \(z=1\)
Suy ra: \(x+y+z\le\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2+3}{2}=\frac{6}{2}=3\)
Do đó: \(P_{max}=xy+yz+zx+\frac{5}{x+y+z}\le3+\frac{5}{3}=\frac{14}{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra ⇔ x=y=z=1
Ta có:\(10=2xyz\)
=> \(P=\frac{1}{2x+2xz+1}+\frac{2xy}{y+2xy+10}+\frac{10z}{10z+yz+10}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2x+2xz+1}+\frac{2xy}{y+2xy+2xyz}+\frac{2xyz^2}{2xyz^2+yz+2xyz}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2x+2xz+1}+\frac{2x}{1+2x+2xz}+\frac{2xz}{2xz+1+2x}\)
\(=1\)
Vậy P=1
Lời giải:
Áp dụng PP tìm điểm rơi và BĐT Cauchy cho các số dương:
\(x^3+\left(\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2\sqrt{2}+3\sqrt{3}+1}\right)^3+\left(\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2\sqrt{2}+3\sqrt{3}+1}\right)^3\geq 3x\left(\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2\sqrt{2}+3\sqrt{3}+1}\right)^2\)
\(y^3+\left(\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2\sqrt{2}+3\sqrt{3}+1}\right)^3+\left(\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2\sqrt{2}+3\sqrt{3}+1}\right)^3\geq 3y\left(\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2\sqrt{2}+3\sqrt{3}+1}\right)^2\)
\(z^3+\left(\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2}+3\sqrt{3}+1}\right)^3+\left(\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2}+3\sqrt{3}+1}\right)^3\geq 3z\left(\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2}+3\sqrt{3}+1}\right)^2\)
Cộng theo vế:
\(P+\frac{2}{(2\sqrt{2}+3\sqrt{3}+1)^2}\geq \frac{3}{(2\sqrt{2}+3\sqrt{3}+1)^2}(2x+3y+z)=\frac{3}{(2\sqrt{2}+3\sqrt{3}+1)^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\geq \frac{1}{(2\sqrt{2}+3\sqrt{3}+1)^2}\)
Vậy \(P_{\min}=\frac{1}{(2\sqrt{2}+3\sqrt{3}+1)^2}\)