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Áp dụng BĐT Cô si ta có:
\(x+y\ge2\sqrt{xy}=2\cdot\frac{1}{\sqrt{z}};y+z\ge2\sqrt{yz}=2\cdot\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}};z+x\ge2\sqrt{xz}=2\cdot\frac{1}{\sqrt{y}}.\)( vì xyz=1)
=> P\(\ge\)\(\frac{2x\sqrt{x}}{y\sqrt{y}+2z\sqrt{z}}\)+ \(\frac{2y\sqrt{y}}{z\sqrt{z}+2x\sqrt{x}}+\frac{2z\sqrt{z}}{x\sqrt{x}+2y\sqrt{y}}\)
Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}a=y\sqrt{y}+2z\sqrt{z}\\b=z\sqrt{z}+2x\sqrt{x}\\c=x\sqrt{x}+2y\sqrt{y}\end{cases}\left(a;b;c\ge0\right)}\)<=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}4a+b=2c+9z\sqrt{z}\\4b+c=2a+9x\sqrt{x}\\4c+a=2b+9y\sqrt{y}\end{cases}}\)
<=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}z\sqrt{z}=\frac{4a+b-2c}{9}\\x\sqrt{x}=\frac{4b+c-2a}{9}\\y\sqrt{y}=\frac{4c+a-2b}{9}\end{cases}}\)
Do đó:
P \(\ge\)\(\frac{2}{9}\cdot\left(\frac{4a+b-2c}{c}+\frac{4b+c-2a}{a}+\frac{4c+a-2b}{b}\right)\)
<=> P \(\ge\)\(\frac{2}{9}\left(4\left(\frac{a}{c}+\frac{b}{a}+\frac{c}{b}\right)+\left(\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}+\frac{a}{b}\right)-6\right)\)
<=> P \(\ge\frac{2}{9}\cdot\left(4\cdot3\cdot\sqrt[3]{\frac{a}{c}\cdot\frac{b}{a}\cdot\frac{c}{b}}+3\cdot\sqrt[3]{\frac{b}{c}\cdot\frac{c}{a}\cdot\frac{a}{b}}-6\right)\)( Áp dụng BĐT Cô si cho 3 số ko âm)
<=> P \(\ge\frac{2}{9}\left(12+3-6\right)=2\)( đpcm)
Dấu = khi x=y=z=1.
Ta có: \(x^2\left(y+z\right)\ge x^2.2\sqrt{yz}=2\sqrt{x^4}.\sqrt{\frac{1}{x}}=2x\sqrt{x}\)(Áp dụng BĐT Cô - si cho 2 số dương y,z và sử dụng giả thiết xyz = 1)
Hoàn toàn tương tự: \(y^2\left(z+x\right)\ge2y\sqrt{y};z^2\left(x+y\right)\ge2z\sqrt{z}\)
Do đó \(P=\frac{x^2\left(y+z\right)}{y\sqrt{y}+2z\sqrt{z}}+\frac{y^2\left(z+x\right)}{z\sqrt{z}+2x\sqrt{x}}+\frac{z^2\left(x+y\right)}{x\sqrt{x}+2y\sqrt{y}}\)
\(\ge\frac{2x\sqrt{x}}{y\sqrt{y}+2z\sqrt{z}}+\frac{2y\sqrt{y}}{z\sqrt{z}+2x\sqrt{x}}+\frac{2z\sqrt{z}}{x\sqrt{x}+2y\sqrt{y}}\)
Đặt \(a=x\sqrt{x}+2y\sqrt{y}\), \(b=y\sqrt{y}+2z\sqrt{z}\), \(c=z\sqrt{z}+2x\sqrt{x}\)
Suy ra: \(x\sqrt{x}=\frac{4c+a-2b}{9}\), \(y\sqrt{y}=\frac{4a+b-2c}{9}\), \(z\sqrt{z}=\frac{4b+c-2a}{9}\)
Do đó \(P\ge\frac{2}{9}\left(\frac{4c+a-2b}{b}+\frac{4a+b-2c}{c}+\frac{4b+c-2a}{a}\right)\)
\(=\frac{2}{9}\left[4\left(\frac{c}{b}+\frac{a}{c}+\frac{b}{a}\right)+\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\right)-6\right]\)
\(\ge\frac{2}{9}\left[4.3\sqrt[3]{\frac{c}{b}.\frac{a}{c}.\frac{b}{a}}+3\sqrt[3]{\frac{a}{b}.\frac{b}{c}.\frac{c}{a}}-6\right]\)(Áp dụng BĐT Cô - si cho 3 số dương)
\(=\frac{2}{9}\left[4.3+3-6\right]=2\)
Vậy \(P\ge2\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi x = y = z = 1
\(A=\sqrt{\frac{x^2y^2}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{x^2y^2}{\left(x+y\right)^2}+\sqrt{\frac{\left(x^4+x^2y^2\right)^2+\left(y^4+x^2y^2\right)^2+x^4y^4}{\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{x^2y^2}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{x^2y^2}{\left(x+y\right)^2}+\sqrt{\frac{\left(x^4+x^2y^2\right)^2+2x^4y^4+2x^2y^6+y^8}{\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{x^2y^2}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{x^2y^2}{\left(x+y\right)^2}+\sqrt{\frac{\left(x^4+x^2y^2\right)^2+2\left(x^4+x^2y^2\right)y^4+y^8}{\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{x^2y^2}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{x^2y^2}{\left(x+y\right)^2}+\sqrt{\frac{\left(x^4+x^2y^2+y^4\right)^2}{\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{x^2y^2}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{x^2y^2}{\left(x+y\right)^2}+\frac{x^4+x^2y^2+y^4}{x^2+y^2}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{x^2y^2}{\left(x+y\right)^2}+\frac{x^4+2x^2y^2+y^4}{x^2+y^2}}=\sqrt{\frac{x^2y^2}{\left(x+y\right)^2}+\frac{\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2}{x^2+y^2}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{x^2y^2}{\left(x+y\right)^2}+x^2+y^2}=\sqrt{\frac{\left(x^2+xy\right)^2+\left(y^2+xy\right)^2+x^2y^2}{\left(x+y\right)^2}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{\left(x^2+xy\right)^2+2x^2y^2+2xy^3+y^4}{\left(x+y\right)^2}}=\sqrt{\frac{\left(x^2+xy\right)^2+2\left(x^2+xy\right)y^2+y^4}{\left(x+y\right)^2}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)^2}{\left(x+y\right)^2}}=\frac{x^2+xy+y^2}{x+y}\)
\(\left(x+y\right)^2+\frac{x+y}{2}=\left(x+y\right)\left(x+\frac{1}{4}+y+\frac{1}{4}\right)\ge2\sqrt{xy}\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\ge2x\sqrt{y}+2y\sqrt{x}\)
Dau '=' xay ra khi \(x=y=\frac{1}{4}\)