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Giải:
Ta có :
\(Sn=\frac{4n+\sqrt{\left(2n+1\right)\left(2n-1\right)}}{\sqrt{2n+1}+\sqrt{2n-1}}\)
\(=\frac{\left(\sqrt{2n+1}-\sqrt{2n-1}\right)\left[\left(2n-1\right)+\left(2n+1\right)+\sqrt{\left(2n+1\right)\left(2n-1\right)}\right]}{\left(\sqrt{2n+1}+\sqrt{2n-1}\right)\left(\sqrt{2n+1}-\sqrt{2n-1}\right)}.\)
\(=\frac{\left(\sqrt{2n+1}\right)^3-\left(\sqrt{2n-1}\right)^3}{2}\)
Tương tự =>\(S_1+S_2+...+S_{40}=\frac{\left(\sqrt{2n_1+1}\right)^3+\sqrt{2n_{40}+1}^3}{2}\)
Sau đó thì dễ rồi ha
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}\left(n+1\right)}=\frac{\sqrt{n}}{n\left(n+1\right)}=\sqrt{n}\left(\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{n+1}\right)\)\(=\sqrt{n}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)< \sqrt{n}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right).\frac{2}{\sqrt{n}}\)\(=2\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\)
=>\(S_1+...+S_n< 2\left(1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)< 2\)
Ta co:
\(\frac{1}{\left(2n+1\right)\left(\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n+1}\right)}=\frac{\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}}{n+1+n}< \frac{\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}}{2\sqrt{n+1}.\sqrt{n}}=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\)
Ap vào bài toan được
\(S_n=\frac{1}{3\left(1+\sqrt{2}\right)}+\frac{1}{5\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}\right)}+...+\frac{1}{\left(2n+1\right)\left(\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n+1}\right)}\)
\(< \frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)< \frac{1}{2}\)
Câu b đề sai nha, bây giờ đặt \(a=\sqrt{2017},b=\sqrt{2018}\)
Ta có \(\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2}{a}< a+b\Leftrightarrow ab\left(\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2}{a}\right)< ab\left(a+b\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3< ab\left(a+b\right)\)(1)
Mà \(ab\left(a+b\right)\le\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)\left(a+b\right)=a^3+b^3\)(2)
Từ (1), (2) => Sai
a) Ta có:
\(\frac{1}{\left(k+1\right)\sqrt{k}}=\frac{k+1-k}{\left(k+1\right)\sqrt{k}}=\frac{\left(\sqrt{k+1}+\sqrt{k}\right)\left(\sqrt{k+1}-\sqrt{k}\right)}{\left(k+1\right)\sqrt{k}}\)\(< \frac{2\sqrt{k+1}\left(\sqrt{k+1}-\sqrt{k}\right)}{\left(k+1\right)\sqrt{k}}=\frac{2\left(\sqrt{k+1}-\sqrt{k}\right)}{\sqrt{k+1}\sqrt{k}}=\frac{2}{\sqrt{k}}-\frac{2}{\sqrt{k+1}}\)
Cho k=1,2,....,n rồi cộng từng vế ta có:
\(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{4\sqrt{3}}+....+\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}}< \left(\frac{2}{\sqrt{1}}-\frac{2}{\sqrt{2}}\right)+\left(\frac{2}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{2}{\sqrt{3}}\right)\)\(+\left(\frac{2}{\sqrt{3}}-\frac{2}{\sqrt{4}}\right)+....+\left(\frac{2}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{2}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)=2-\frac{2}{\sqrt{n-1}}< 2\)
\(S_1=1\) (còn \(S_n=1\Rightarrow S=2015\))
Tính được \(S_1=1;S_2=-2-\sqrt{3};S_3=-2+\sqrt{3};S_4=1\)
Vậy \(S_i=S_{i+3}\left(i\ge1\right)\)
Mà \(S_1+S_2+S_3=-3\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\sum\limits^{2015}_{i=1}\left(S_i\right)=-3\cdot668+S_{2015}=-3\cdot668+1=-2003\)
#Kaito#