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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right);n_{Fe}=\dfrac{16,8}{56}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ 2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ n_{H_2\left(tổng\right)}=\dfrac{3}{2}.n_{Al}+n_{Fe}=\dfrac{3}{2}.0,2+0,3=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ a,V=V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,6.22,4=13,44\left(l\right)\\ b,n_{HCl}=\dfrac{6}{2}.n_{Al}+2.n_{Fe}=\dfrac{6}{2}.0,2+2.0,3=1,2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{HCl}=1,2.36,5=43,8\left(g\right)\\ c,n_{O_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ 2H_2+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2H_2O\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,6}{2}>\dfrac{0,25}{1}\Rightarrow H_2dư,O_2hết\\ n_{H_2O}=2.n_{O_2}=2.0,25=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{H_2O}=0,5.18=9\left(g\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) \(2M+2nHCl\rightarrow2MCl_n+nH_2\)
\(n_M=\dfrac{2}{n}n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,5}{n}\left(mol\right)\)
Ta có : \(M_M=\dfrac{16,25}{\dfrac{0,5}{n}}=32,5n\)
Chạy nghiệm n
n=1 => M=32,5 (loại)
n=2 => M=65 ( chọn)
n=3 => M=97,5 (loại)
Vậy M là Zn
b) Ta có : \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(V_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,5}{0,2}=2,5\left(lít\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Gọi $n_{Na} = a(mol)$
2Na + 2H2O → 2NaOH + H2
a...........................a..........0,5a.....(mol)
2Al + 2NaOH + 2H2O → 2NaAlO2 + 3H2
..a...........a............................................1,5a....(mol)
Suy ra : $0,5a + 1,5a = \dfrac{3,36}{22,4} = 0,15 \Rightarrow a = 0,075$
Vậy :
$m = 0,075.23 + 0,075.27 + 1,35 = 5,1(gam)$
Gọi nNa=a(mol)���=�(���)
2Na + 2H2O → 2NaOH + H2
a...........................a..........0,5a.....(mol)
2Al + 2NaOH + 2H2O → 2NaAlO2 + 3H2
..a...........a............................................1,5a....(mol)
Suy ra : 0,5a+1,5a=3,3622,4=0,15⇒a=0,0750,5�+1,5�=3,3622,4=0,15⇒�=0,075
Vậy :
m=0,075.23+0,075.27+1,35=5,1(gam)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
M2O3 + 6 HCl -> 2 MCl3 + 3 H2O
nH2= 0,075(mol)
=>M(M2O3)=1,35/0,075=
Nói chung bài này số nó cứ lì kì á
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(a) Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2\\ n_{H_2} = n_{Fe} = \dfrac{5,6}{56} = 0,1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2} = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24(lít)\\ b) n_{O_2} = \dfrac{6,72}{22,4} = 0,3(mol)\\ 2H_2 + O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2H_2O\\ \dfrac{n_{H_2}}{2} = 0,05 < \dfrac{n_{O_2}}{1} = 0,3 \to O_2\ dư\\ n_{H_2O} = n_{H_2} = 0,1(mol) \Rightarrow m_{H_2O} = 0,1.18 = 1,8(gam)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a, Ta có: \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
___0,1_________________0,1 (mol)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2H_2O\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{2}< \dfrac{0,3}{1}\), ta được O2 dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2O}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2O}=0,1.18=1,8\left(g\right)\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Bài 24:
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:A+2HCl\rightarrow ACl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
Theo pthh: nA = nH2 = 0,15 (mol)
=> MA = \(\dfrac{3,6}{0,15}=24\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\)
=> A là Mg
Bài 25:
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{10,08}{22,4}=0,45\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:2A+6HCl\rightarrow2ACl_3+3H_2\uparrow\\ Mol:0,3\leftarrow0,9\leftarrow0,3\leftarrow0,45\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}M_A=\dfrac{8,1}{0,3}=27\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\Rightarrow A:Al\\m_{HCl}=0,9.36,5=32,85\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 24.
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15mol\)
\(n_A=\dfrac{3,6}{M_A}\) mol
\(A+2HCl\rightarrow ACl_2+H_2\)
0,15 0,15 ( mol )
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{3,6}{M_A}=0,15mol\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M_A=24\) ( g/mol )
=> A là Magie ( Mg )
Bài 25.
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{10,08}{22,4}=0,45mol\)
\(n_A=\dfrac{8,1}{M_A}\) mol
\(2A+6HCl\rightarrow2ACl_3+3H_2\)
0,3 0,45 ( mol )
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{8,1}{M_A}=0,3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M_A=27\) g/mol
=> A là nhôm ( Al )
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Bài 2: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,1\cdot22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{FeCl_2}=127\cdot0,1=12,7\left(g\right)\)
Có
n HCl bđ = 0,2 ( mol )
PTHH
Na + HCl ---> NaCl + 1/2 H2
0,2------------------0,1
Theo pt: n H2 = 1/2 n HCl = 0,1 ( mol )
Mà theo đề bài n H2 = 5,6/22,4 = 0,25 ( mol )
=> Na dư, HCl hết
PTHH
Na + HCl --> NaCL + 1/2 H2
0,2-- 0,2 ------------------0,1
Na + H2O ---> NaOH + 1/2 H2
0,3 -------------------------( 0,25 - 0,1 )
Theo pt : n Na = 0,2 + 0,3 = 0,5 ( mol )
=> m = 0,5 . 23 = 11,5 ( gam )