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Trả lời
Từ giả thiết x+y+z=xyz <=> 1/xy + 1/yz + 1/zx = 1
Khi đó: x/1+x2 = \(\frac{1}{\frac{x}{\left(\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{z}\right)}}\)\(=\frac{xyz}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}\)
Tương tự cho 2 cái còn lại ta có:\(\frac{y}{1+y^2}=\frac{xyz}{\left(y+x\right)\left(y+z\right)}\)
\(\frac{z}{1+z^2}=\frac{xyz}{\left(z+x\right)\left(z+y\right)}\)
Suy ra VT=\(\frac{xyz\left(y+z\right)+2xyz\left(z+x\right)+3xyz\left(x+y\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\)\(=\frac{xyz\left(5x+4y+3z\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\)
ĐPCM
Ta có:\(\frac{x}{1+x^2}=\frac{xyz}{yz+x^2yz}=\frac{xyz}{yz+x\left(xyz\right)}=\frac{xyz}{yz+x\left(x+y+z\right)}=\frac{xyz}{yz+x^2+xy+xz}=\frac{xyz}{y\left(x+z\right)+x\left(x+z\right)}\)
\(=\frac{xyz}{\left(x+z\right)\left(y+x\right)}\)
Chứng minh tương tự : \(\frac{2y}{1+y^2}=\frac{2xyz}{\left(y+z\right)\left(y+x\right)}\)
\(\frac{3z}{1+z^2}=\frac{3xyz}{\left(x+z\right)\left(x+y\right)}\)
Khi đó VT \(=\frac{xyz}{\left(x+z\right)\left(y+x\right)}+\frac{2xyz}{\left(y+z\right)\left(y+x\right)}+\frac{3xyz}{\left(x+z\right)\left(z+y\right)}\)
\(=\frac{xyz\left[y+z+2\left(z+x\right)+3\left(x+y\right)\right]}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\)
\(=\frac{xyz\left(5x+4y+3z\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\left(đpcm\right)\)
( mình đang vội nên làm hơi tắt mong bạn thông cảm )
áp dụng bđt Cô -si: x+y+z\(\ge3\sqrt[3]{xyz}\) với 3 số x,y,z không âm
ta có: \(\frac{1}{x\left(x+1\right)}+\frac{x}{2}+\frac{x+1}{4}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x\left(x+1\right)}.\frac{x}{2}.\frac{x+1}{4}}=3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{8}}=\frac{3}{2}\)(1)
tương tự: \(\frac{1}{y\left(y+1\right)}+\frac{y}{2}+\frac{y+1}{4}\ge\frac{3}{2}\) (2)
\(\frac{1}{z\left(z+1\right)}+\frac{z}{2}+\frac{z+1}{4}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)(3)
cộng (1), (2) và (3) ta có: \(\frac{1}{x\left(x+1\right)}+\frac{1}{y\left(y+1\right)}+\frac{1}{z\left(z+1\right)}+\frac{x+y+z}{2}+\frac{x+y+z+3}{4}\ge3.\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{x^2+x}+\frac{1}{y^2+y}+\frac{1}{z^2+z}\ge\frac{9}{2}-\frac{3}{2}-\frac{6}{4}=\frac{3}{2}\)
dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=1\)
Ta có: \(\frac{x^3}{y+2z}+\frac{y^3}{z+2x}+\frac{z^3}{x+2y}=\frac{x^4}{xy+2xz}+\frac{y^4}{yz+2yx}+\frac{z^4}{zx+2zy}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy Schwarz, ta có:
\(=\frac{x^4}{xy+2xz}+\frac{y^4}{yz+2yx}+\frac{z^4}{zx+2zy}\ge\frac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\ge\frac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}=\frac{1}{3}\)
=> ĐPCM
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cosi cho 2 số dương, ta có:
\(\frac{9x^3}{y+2z}+x\left(y+2z\right)\ge6x^2;\frac{9y^3}{z+2x}+y\left(z+2x\right)\ge6y^2;\frac{9z^3}{x+2y}+z\left(x+2y\right)\ge6z^3\)
Lại có \(\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2\ge xy+yz+zx\)
Do đó \(\frac{9x^3}{y+2z}+\frac{9y^3}{z+2x}+\frac{9z^3}{x+2y}+3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\ge6\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{9x^3}{y+2z}+\frac{9y^3}{z+2x}+\frac{9z^3}{x+2y}\ge6\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)-3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\ge3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^3}{y+2z}+\frac{y^3}{z+2x}+\frac{z^3}{x+2y}\ge\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{3}=\frac{1}{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
Ta có \(VT=\frac{x}{1-x^2}+\frac{y}{1-y^2}+\frac{z}{1-z^2}\)
Lại có \(x^2\left(1-x^2\right)^2=\frac{2x^2\left(1-x^2\right)\left(1-x^2\right)}{2}\le\frac{\left(2x^2+1-x^2+1-x^2\right)^3}{54}=\frac{4}{27}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(x\left(1-x^2\right)\le\frac{2}{3\sqrt{3}}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\frac{1}{x\left(1-x^2\right)}\ge\frac{3\sqrt{3}}{2}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\frac{x}{\left(1-x^2\right)}\ge\frac{3\sqrt{3}}{2}x^2\) (1)
Tương tự cho \(\frac{y}{\left(1-y^2\right)}\ge\frac{3\sqrt{3}}{2}y^2\) (2) và \(\frac{z}{\left(1-z^2\right)}\ge\frac{3\sqrt{3}}{2}z^2\) (3)
Cộng vế theo vế ta được \(VT=\frac{x}{1-x^2}+\frac{y}{1-y^2}+\frac{z}{1-z^2}\ge\frac{3\sqrt{3}}{2}\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)=\frac{3\sqrt{3}}{2}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(x=y=z=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}\)
Lời giải:
Xét hiệu:
\(\frac{x^2}{y^2}+\frac{y^2}{z^2}+\frac{z^2}{x^2}-\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{z}+\frac{z}{x}\right)=\frac{1}{2}\left[\left(\frac{x^2}{y^2}+\frac{y^2}{z^2}+\frac{z^2}{x^2}\right)+\left(\frac{x^2}{y^2}+\frac{y^2}{z^2}+\frac{z^2}{x^2}\right)-2\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{z}+\frac{z}{x}\right)\right]\)
\(\ge \frac{1}{2}\left[\left(\frac{x^2}{y^2}+\frac{y^2}{z^2}+\frac{z^2}{x^2}\right)+3\sqrt[3]{\frac{x^2}{y^2}.\frac{y^2}{z^2}.\frac{z^2}{x^2}}-2\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{z}+\frac{z}{x}\right)\right]\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left[\left(\frac{x^2}{y^2}+\frac{y^2}{z^2}+\frac{z^2}{x^2}\right)+3-2\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{z}+\frac{z}{x}\right)\right]\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left[(\frac{x}{y}-1)^2+(\frac{y}{z}-1)^2+(\frac{z}{x}-1)^2\right]\geq 0\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{x^2}{y^2}+\frac{y^2}{z^2}+\frac{z^2}{x^2}\geq \frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{z}+\frac{z}{x}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $x=y=z$