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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
`a/b<(a+c)/(b+d)`
`<=>a(b+d)<b(a+c)`
`<=>ab+ad<ad<bc`
`<=>ad<bc`
`<=>a/b<c/d`(theo giả thiết)
`(a+c)/(b+d)<c/d`
`<=>d(a+c)<c(b+d)`
`<=>ad+cd<bc+dc`
`<=>ad<bc`
`<=>a/b<c/d`(theo giả thiết)`
`=>a/b<(a+c)/(b+d)<c/d`
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) \(\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{c}{d}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}-\dfrac{c}{d}< 0\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{ad-bc}{bd}< 0\)\(\Leftrightarrow ad-bc< 0\) ( do bc>0) \(\Leftrightarrow ad< bc\) (đpcm)
b) \(ad< bc\) \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{ad}{bd}< \dfrac{bc}{bd}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{c}{d}\)(đpcm)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
`a)a/b<c/d`
Nhân 2 vế cho `bd>0` ta có:
`(abd)/b<(bcd)/d`
`<=>ad<bc`
`b)ad<bc`
Chia 2 vế cho `bd>0` ta có:
`(ad)/(bd)<(bc)/(bd)`
`<=>a/b<c/d`.
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Lời giải:
a.
$\frac{a}{b}< \frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow \frac{a}{b}-\frac{c}{d}<0$
$\Rightarrow \frac{ad-bc}{bd}< 0$
$\Rightarrow ad-bc<0$ (do $bd>0$)
$\Rightarrow ad< bc$ (đpcm)
b.
$\frac{a}{b}-\frac{a+c}{b+d}=\frac{a(b+d)-b(a+c)}{b(b+d)}=\frac{ad-bc}{b(b+d)}<0$ do $ad-bc<0$ và $b(b+d)>0$
$\Rightarrow \frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+c}{b+d}$
--------
$\frac{a+c}{b+d}-\frac{c}{d}=\frac{d(a+c)-c(b+d)}{d(b+d)}=\frac{ad-bc}{d(b+d)}<0$ do $ad-bc<0$ và $d(b+d)>0$
$\Rightarrow \frac{a+c}{b+d}< \frac{c}{d}$
Ta có đpcm.
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) Ta có: \(\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{c}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{ad}{bd}< \dfrac{bc}{bd}\)
\(\Rightarrow ad< bc\) ( đpcm. )
b) Vì \(b>0;d>0\) \(\Rightarrow b+d>0\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{c}{d}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ad< bc\) (*)
Thêm \(ab\) vào \(2\) vế (*), ta có:
\(ab+ad< ba+bc\)
\(a.\left(b+d\right)< b.\left(a+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{a+c}{b+d}\left(1\right)\)
Thêm \(cd\) vào \(2\) vế (*), ta được:
\(ad+cd< cb+cd\)
\(\left(a+c\right).d< c.\left(b+d\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+c}{b+d}< \dfrac{c}{d}\left(2\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right)\) và \(\left(2\right)\) suy ra:
\(\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{a+c}{b+d}< \dfrac{c}{d}\) ( đpcm )
a)ta có \(\dfrac{a}{b}\)<\(\dfrac{c}{d}\)\(\Rightarrow\)\(\dfrac{a\times d}{b\times d}\)=\(\dfrac{c\times b}{d\times b}\)\(\Rightarrow\)a\(\times\)d=c\(\times\)d\(\Rightarrow\)ad=bc
b)theo câu a ta có \(\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{c}{d}\Rightarrow ad=bc\)(1)
Thêm ab vào 2 vế của (1):ad+ab=bc+ab
a(b+d)<b(a+c)\(\Rightarrow\)\(\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{a+c}{b+d}\)(2)
Thêm cd vào 2 vế của (1):ad+cd<bc+cd
d(a+c)<c(b+d)\(\Rightarrow\)\(\dfrac{a+c}{b+d}< \dfrac{c}{d}\)(3)
Từ(2)và(3)\(\Rightarrow\)\(\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{a+c}{b+d}< \dfrac{c}{d}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) Vì \(\dfrac{a}{b} = \dfrac{c}{d}\) nên \(ad = bc\)
Ta có \(\dfrac{{a + b}}{b} = \dfrac{{c + d}}{d}\)\( \Rightarrow d(a + b) = b(c + d)\)\( \Rightarrow ad + bd = bc + bd\)
\( \Rightarrow ad = bc\) (luôn đúng)
\( \Rightarrow \dfrac{{a + b}}{b} = \dfrac{{c + d}}{d}\)
b) Vì \(\dfrac{a}{b} = \dfrac{c}{d}\) nên \(ad = bc\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{{a - b}}{b} = \dfrac{{c - d}}{d}\)
\(\begin{array}{l} \Rightarrow d(a - b) = b(c - d)\\ \Leftrightarrow ad - bd = bc - bd\\ \Leftrightarrow ad = bc\end{array}\) ( luôn đúng)
Vậy \(\dfrac{{a - b}}{b} = \dfrac{{c - d}}{d}\)
c) Vì \(\dfrac{a}{b} = \dfrac{c}{d}\) nên \(ad = bc\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{a}{{a + b}} = \dfrac{c}{{c + d}}\)
\(\begin{array}{l} \Rightarrow a(c + d) = c(a + b)\\ \Leftrightarrow ac + ad = ac + bc\\ \Leftrightarrow ad = bc\end{array}\) (luôn đúng)
Vậy \(\dfrac{a}{{a + b}} = \dfrac{c}{{c + d}}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a: Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=bk\\c=dk\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\dfrac{a}{a-b}=\dfrac{bk}{bk-b}=\dfrac{k}{k-1}\)
\(\dfrac{c}{c-d}=\dfrac{dk}{dk-d}=\dfrac{k}{k-1}\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{a}{a-b}=\dfrac{c}{c-d}\)
a) \(\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{c}{d}\Rightarrow ad< bc\)
b) Tham khảo:https://olm.vn/hoi-dap/tim-kiem?q=cho+c%C3%A1c+s%E1%BB%91+h%E1%BB%AFu+t%E1%BB%89+a/b+v%C3%A0+c/d+v%E1%BB%9Bi+m%E1%BA%ABu+d%C6%B0%C6%A1ng+,+trong+%C4%91%C3%B3+a/b+%3Cc/d+.+c/m+r%E1%BA%B1ng+a)+a.d+%3Cb.c+b)+a/b+%3C+(a+c)/(b+d)%3Cc/d+&id=174343
a) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{c}{d}\\b,d>0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}.bd< \dfrac{c}{d}.bd\Rightarrow ad< bc\)
b) Ta có: \(ad< bc\Rightarrow ad+ab< bc+ab\)
\(\Rightarrow a\left(b+d\right)< b\left(a+c\right)\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{a+c}{b+d}\left(1\right)\)(do \(b,d>0\))
\(bc>ad\Rightarrow bc+cd>ad+cd\)
\(\Rightarrow c\left(b+d\right)>d\left(a+c\right)\Rightarrow\dfrac{c}{d}>\dfrac{a+c}{b+d}\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right)\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{a+c}{b+d}< \dfrac{c}{d}\)