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Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM dạng ngược dấu (\(ab\leq (\frac{a+b}{2})^2\) )ta có:
\(\frac{b+c+d}{a}.1\leq \left(\frac{\frac{b+c+d}{a}+1}{2}\right)^2=\frac{(a+b+c+d)^2}{4a^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{a}{b+c+d}\geq \frac{4a^2}{(a+b+c+d)^2}\)\(\Rightarrow \sqrt{\frac{a}{b+c+d}}\geq \frac{2a}{a+b+c+d}\)
Hoàn toàn tương tự:
\(\left\{\begin{matrix} \sqrt{\frac{b}{c+d+a}}\geq \frac{2b}{a+b+c+d}\\ \sqrt{\frac{c}{d+a+b}}\geq \frac{2c}{a+b+c+d}\\ \sqrt{\frac{d}{a+b+c}}\geq \frac{2d}{a+b+c+d}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Cộng theo vế: \(\Rightarrow \text{VT}\geq \frac{2a+2b+2c+2d}{a+b+c+d}=2\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(\frac{b+c+d}{a}=\frac{c+d+a}{b}=\frac{d+a+b}{c}=\frac{a+b+c}{d}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b+c+d=0\) (VL do $a,b,c,d$ dương)
Do đó dấu bằng không xảy ra .
Hay \(\text{VT}>2\) (đpcm)
Từ giả thiết, ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{1+a}\ge1-\dfrac{1}{1+b}+1-\dfrac{1}{1+c}+1-\dfrac{1}{1+d}=\dfrac{b}{1+b}+\dfrac{c}{c+1}+\dfrac{d}{d+1}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{b.c.d}{\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)\left(1+d\right)}}\)
Tương tự:
\(\dfrac{1}{1+b}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{cda}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+c\right)\left(1+d\right)}}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{1+c}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{abd}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+d\right)}}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{1+d}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{abc}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)}}\)
Nhân vế theo vế 4 BĐT vừa chứng minh rồi rút gọn ta được:
\(abcd\le\dfrac{1}{81}\left(đpcm\right)\)
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Cho a,b,c,d >0 .CMR: a/(b+c) + b/(c+d) + c/(d+a) + d/( a+b)? | Yahoo Hỏi & Đáp
\(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\dfrac{ab}{cd}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2+b^2\right)cd=ab\left(c^2+d^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2cd-b^2cd=abc^2+abd^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2cd-abc^2-abd^2+b^2cd=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ac\left(ad-bc\right)-bd\left(ad-bc\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ac-bd\right)\left(ad-bc\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}ac-bd=0\\ad-bc=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}ac=bd\\ad=bc\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{d}{c}\\\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{d}{c}\\\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\end{matrix}\right.\) (ĐPCM)
Bài làm :
Ta có : \(\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2\ge2xy\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2\ge4xy\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{xy}\ge\dfrac{4}{\left(x+y\right)^2}\left(1\right)\)
Áp dụng BĐT (1) ta có :
\(\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{c}{d+a}=\dfrac{a^2+ad+bc+c^2}{\left(b+c\right)\left(d+a\right)}\ge\dfrac{4\left(a^2+ad+bc+c^2\right)}{\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2}\left(2\right)\)
Tương tự : \(\dfrac{b}{c+d}+\dfrac{d}{a+b}\ge\dfrac{4\left(b^2+ab+cd+d^2\right)}{\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2}\left(3\right)\)
Cộng các về của các BĐT (2) và (3) ta được :
\(\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{c+d}+\dfrac{c}{d+a}+\dfrac{d}{a+b}\ge\dfrac{4\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+ad+bc+ab+cd\right)}{\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2}\)
\(\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{c+d}+\dfrac{c}{d+a}+\dfrac{d}{a+b}\ge\dfrac{2\left(2a^2+2b^2+2c^2+2d^2+2ad+2bc+2ab+2cd\right)}{\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2}\)
\(\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{c+d}+\dfrac{c}{d+a}+\dfrac{d}{a+b}\ge\dfrac{2[\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(b+c\right)^2+\left(c+d\right)^2+\left(a+d\right)^2]}{\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2}=2B\)
Ta dễ dàng chứng minh được : \(B\ge1\)
Thật vậy :
\(\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(b+c\right)^2+\left(c+d\right)^2+\left(a+d\right)^2}{\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2}\ge1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(b+c\right)^2+\left(c+d\right)^2+\left(d+a\right)^2\ge\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-c\right)^2+\left(b-d\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrowđpcm\)
Dấu đằng thức xảy ra : \(\Leftrightarrow a=c;b=d\)
khó thế tui ko hỉu