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a) Ta có: \(A=\sqrt{23+6\sqrt{10}}-\sqrt{23-6\sqrt{10}}\)
\(=\sqrt{18+2\cdot3\sqrt{2}\cdot\sqrt{5}+5}-\sqrt{18-2\cdot3\sqrt{2}\cdot\sqrt{5}+5}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(3\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{5}\right)^2}-\sqrt{\left(3\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{5}\right)^2}\)
\(=3\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{5}-3\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{5}\)
\(=2\sqrt{5}\)
b) Ta có: \(B=\left(\dfrac{2+\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{2}+1}+1\right)\left(\dfrac{2-\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{2}-1}-1\right)\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)}{\sqrt{2}+1}+1\right)\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)}{\sqrt{2}-1}-1\right)\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)\)
=2-1=2
1)
DKCĐ: a>0,\(a\ne1\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{1+a}}{\sqrt{1+a}-\sqrt{1-a}}+\dfrac{1-a}{\sqrt{1-a^2}-1+a}\right)\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(1-a\right)\left(1+a\right)}}{a}-\dfrac{1}{a}\right)\)\(=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{1+a}}{\sqrt{1+a}-\sqrt{1-a}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{1-a}}{\sqrt{1+a}-\sqrt{1-a}}\right)\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(1-a\right)\left(1+a\right)}-1}{a}\right)\)\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{1+a}+\sqrt{1-a}}{\sqrt{1+a}-\sqrt{1-a}}.\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(1-a\right)\left(1+a\right)}-1}{a}\\ =\dfrac{1+a+1-a+2\sqrt{\left(1+a\right)\left(1-a\right)}}{\left(1+a\right)-\left(1-a\right)}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(1-a\right)\left(1+a\right)}-1}{a}\)\(=\dfrac{2\left(\sqrt{\left(1+a\right)\left(1-a\right)}+1\right)}{2a}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(1-a\right)\left(1+a\right)}-1}{a}\\ =\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(1+a\right)\left(1-a\right)}+1}{a}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(1-a\right)\left(1+a\right)}-1}{a}\\ =\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{\left(1+a\right)\left(1-a\right)}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{\left(1+a\right)\left(1-a\right)}-1\right)}{a^2}\\ =\dfrac{\left(1+a\right)\left(1-a\right)-1}{a^2}\\ =\dfrac{1-a^2-1}{a^2}\\ =\dfrac{-a^2}{a^2}\\ =-1\)
Số khá xấu. Bạn coi lại đề xem có viết nhầm biểu thức không?
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}=\dfrac{1}{2019}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{ab}=\dfrac{1}{2019}\Rightarrow2019=\dfrac{ab}{a+b}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{a}=\dfrac{1}{2019}-\dfrac{1}{b}=\dfrac{b-2019}{2019b}\Rightarrow b-2019=\dfrac{2019b}{a}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{b}=\dfrac{1}{2019}-\dfrac{1}{a}=\dfrac{a-2019}{2019a}\Rightarrow a-2019=\dfrac{2019a}{b}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{a-2019}+\sqrt{b-2019}=\sqrt{\dfrac{2019a}{b}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{2019b}{a}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{2019}\left(a+b\right)}{\sqrt{ab}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{ab}{a+b}}.\dfrac{a+b}{\sqrt{ab}}=\sqrt{a+b}\)
Đặt \(y=\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{23+\sqrt{513}}{4}}+\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{23-\sqrt{513}}{4}}\) ( bạn lập phương cả 2 vế nhé )
\(\Leftrightarrow2y^3=6y+23\left(1\right)\)
theo đề bài,ta có: \(x=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(y-1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x=y-1\Leftrightarrow y=3x+1\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrow2y^3=54x^3+54x^2+18x+2\left(3\right)\)
Thế (2) và (3) vào (1)
\(\Leftrightarrow54x^3+54x^2+18x+2=6\left(3x+1\right)+23\)
\(\Leftrightarrow54x^3+54x^2+18x+2=18x+6+23\)
\(\Leftrightarrow54x^3+54x^2=27\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^3+2x^2=1\)
\(A=2x^3+2x^2+1\)
\(A=1+1=2\)
Trước hết ta có:
\(23^{2018}+23^{2020}>2\sqrt{23^{2018}.23^{2020}}=2\sqrt{23^{4038}}=2.23^{2019}\)
Dễ dàng nhận ra \(A>0\) và \(B>0;\) xét thương:
\(\dfrac{A}{B}=\dfrac{23^{2018}+1}{23^{2019}+1}\div\dfrac{23^{2019}+1}{23^{2020}+1}=\dfrac{\left(23^{2018}+1\right)\left(23^{2020}+1\right)}{\left(23^{2019}+1\right)^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{A}{B}=\dfrac{23^{4038}+23^{2018}+23^{2020}+1}{\left(23^{2019}+1\right)^2}=\dfrac{\left(23^{2019}\right)^2+23^{2018}+23^{2020}+1}{\left(23^{2019}+1\right)^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{A}{B}>\dfrac{\left(23^{2019}\right)^2+2.23^{2019}+1}{\left(23^{2019}+1\right)^2}=\dfrac{\left(23^{2019}+1\right)^2}{\left(23^{2019}+1\right)^2}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{A}{B}>1\Rightarrow A>B\)