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Biểu thức không có giá trị min bạn nhé. Chỉ có giá trị max.
Lời giải:
\(2P=1-\frac{a}{a+2\sqrt{bc}}+1-\frac{b}{b+2\sqrt{ca}}+1-\frac{c}{c+2\sqrt{ab}}\)
\(=3-\left(\frac{a}{a+2\sqrt{bc}}+\frac{b}{b+2\sqrt{ac}}+\frac{c}{c+2\sqrt{ab}}\right)\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(\frac{a}{a+2\sqrt{bc}}+\frac{b}{b+2\sqrt{ac}}+\frac{c}{c+2\sqrt{ab}}\geq \frac{(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c})^2}{a+2\sqrt{bc}+b+2\sqrt{ac}+c+2\sqrt{ab}}=\frac{(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c})^2}{(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c})^2}=1\)
Do đó: $2P\leq 3-1=2\Rightarrow P\leq 1$
Vậy $P_{\max}=1$ khi $a=b=c$
Áp dụng BĐT AM - GM ta có:
\(4\sqrt{ab}=2\sqrt{a.4b}\le a+4b\)
\(4\sqrt{bc}=2\sqrt{b.4c}\le b+4c\)
\(4\sqrt[3]{abc}=\sqrt[3]{a.4b.16c}\le\frac{a+4b+16c}{3}\)
Cộng theo vế 3 BĐT ta được:
\(8a+3b+4\left(\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt[3]{abc}\right)\le\frac{28}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{28\left(a+b+c\right)}{3+3\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=\frac{14}{3}-\frac{14\left(a+b+c-1\right)^2}{3\left[\left(a+b+c\right)^2+1\right]}\le\frac{14}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow Max_P=\frac{14}{3}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a+b+c=1\)và \(a=4b=16c\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a=\frac{16}{21};b=\frac{4}{21};c=\frac{1}{21}\)
Hình như đề bài có vấn đề : thừa đk ab + bc + ac = abc
ta có : \(\frac{\sqrt{b^2+2a^2}}{ab}\ge\frac{\sqrt{4a^2b^2}}{ab}=\frac{2ab}{ab}=2\)
Tương tự \(\frac{\sqrt{c^2+2b^2}}{bc}\ge2\) ; \(\frac{\sqrt{a^2+2c^2}}{ac}\ge2\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{\sqrt{b^2+2a^2}}{ab}+\frac{\sqrt{c^2+2b^2}}{bc}+\frac{\sqrt{a^2+2c^2}}{ac}\ge2+2+2=6>\sqrt{3}\)
Bất đẳng thức cần chứng minh tương đương với:
\(\dfrac{a}{a+3\sqrt{bc}}+\dfrac{b}{b+3\sqrt{ca}}+\dfrac{c}{c+3\sqrt{ab}}\)
Ta áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cô si dạng \(2\sqrt{xy}\le x+y\) cho các căn thức ở mẫu, khi đó ta được:
\(\dfrac{a}{a+3\sqrt{bc}}+\dfrac{b}{b+3\sqrt{ca}}+\dfrac{c}{c+3\sqrt{ab}}\ge\) với biểu thức
\(\dfrac{2a}{2a+3b+3c}+\dfrac{2b}{3a+2b+3c}+\dfrac{2c}{3a+3b+2c}\)
Khi đó ta cần chứng minh:
\(\dfrac{2a}{2a+3b+3c}+\dfrac{2b}{3a+2b+3c}+\dfrac{2c}{3a+3b+2c}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Đặt: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2a+3b+3c\\y=3a+2b+3c\\z=3a+3b+2c\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2a=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(3y+3z-5x\right)\\2b=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(3z+3x-5y\right)\\2c=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(3x+3y-5z\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Khi đó đẳng thức trên được viết lại thành:
\(\dfrac{3y+3z-5x}{4x}+\dfrac{3z+3x-5y}{4y}+\dfrac{3x+3y-5z}{4z}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Hay: \(3\left(\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}+\dfrac{y}{z}+\dfrac{z}{y}+\dfrac{x}{z}+\dfrac{z}{x}\right)-15\ge3\)
Bất đẳng thức cuối cùng luôn đúng theo bất đẳng thức Cô si.
Vậy bất đẳng thức được chứng minh. Đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(a=b=c\)
Đặt \(x=\sqrt{a};y=\sqrt{b};z=\sqrt{c}\)
Khi đó bđt đã tro chở thành:
\(\dfrac{yz}{x^2+3yz}+\dfrac{zx}{y^2+3zx}+\dfrac{xy}{z^2+3xy}\le\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{yz}{x^2+3yz}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{zx}{y^2+3zx}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{xy}{z^2+3xy}\ge1-\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{x^2+3yz}+\dfrac{y^2}{y^2+3zx}+\dfrac{z^2}{z^2+3xy}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\) (đpcm)
\(P=\sqrt{\dfrac{ab}{c+ab}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{bc}{a+bc}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{ca}{b+ca}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\dfrac{ab}{c\left(a+b+c\right)+ab}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{bc}{a\left(a+b+c\right)+bc}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{ca}{b\left(a+b+c\right)+ca}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\dfrac{ab}{\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{bc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{ca}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}}\)
\(\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{a}{a+c}+\dfrac{c}{a+c}+\dfrac{b}{a+b}+\dfrac{c}{b+c}+\dfrac{a}{a+b}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\("=" \Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
4.
\(\frac{a^3}{b}+\frac{b^3}{c}+\frac{c^3}{a}=\frac{a^4}{ab}+\frac{b^4}{bc}+\frac{c^4}{ac}\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{ab+bc+ca}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^3}{b}+\frac{b^3}{c}+\frac{c^3}{a}\ge\frac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2}{ab+bc+ca}=ab+bc+ca\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
5.
\(\frac{a}{bc}+\frac{b}{ca}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{ab}{bc.ca}}=\frac{2}{c}\) ; \(\frac{a}{bc}+\frac{c}{ab}\ge\frac{2}{b}\) ; \(\frac{b}{ca}+\frac{c}{ab}\ge\frac{2}{a}\)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(2\left(\frac{a}{bc}+\frac{b}{ca}+\frac{c}{ab}\right)\ge2\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{bc}+\frac{b}{ca}+\frac{c}{ab}\ge\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\)
1.
Áp dụng BĐT \(x^2+y^2+z^2\ge xy+yz+zx\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{ab}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{bc}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{ca}\right)^2\ge\sqrt{ab}.\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ab}.\sqrt{ac}+\sqrt{bc}.\sqrt{ac}\)
\(\Rightarrow ab+bc+ca\ge\sqrt{abc}\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)\)
2.
\(\frac{ab}{c}+\frac{bc}{a}\ge2\sqrt[]{\frac{ab.bc}{ca}}=2b\) ; \(\frac{ab}{c}+\frac{ac}{b}\ge2a\) ; \(\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ac}{b}\ge2c\)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(2\left(\frac{ab}{c}+\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ac}{b}\right)\ge2\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{ab}{c}+\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ac}{b}\ge a+b+c\)
3.
Từ câu b, thay \(c=1\) ta được:
\(ab+\frac{b}{a}+\frac{a}{b}\ge a+b+1\)
\(\frac{a^3}{\sqrt{b^2+3}}+\frac{a^3}{\sqrt{b^2+3}}+\frac{b^2+3}{8}\ge\frac{3}{2}a^2\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\frac{a^3}{\sqrt{b^2+3}}\ge\frac{3}{4}a^2-\frac{1}{16}b^2-\frac{3}{16}\)
\(P=\Sigma\frac{a^3}{\sqrt{b^2+3}}\ge\frac{3}{4}\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)-\frac{1}{16}\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)-\frac{9}{16}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=b=c=1
\(\sqrt{\dfrac{ab}{c+ab}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{ab}{1-a-b-ab}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{ab}{\left(1-b\right)\left(1-a\right)}}\le\dfrac{\dfrac{a}{1-b}+\dfrac{b}{1-a}}{2}\left(1\right)\) \(tương-tự\Rightarrow\sqrt{\dfrac{bc}{a+bc}}\le\dfrac{\dfrac{b}{1-c}+\dfrac{c}{1-b}}{2}\left(2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\dfrac{ca}{b+ ca}}\le\dfrac{\dfrac{c}{1-a}+\dfrac{a}{1-c}}{2}\left(3\right)\)
\( \left(1\right)\left(2\right)\left(3\right)\Rightarrow A\le\dfrac{\dfrac{a}{1-b}+\dfrac{b}{1-a}+\dfrac{b}{1-c}+\dfrac{c}{1-b}+\dfrac{c}{1-a}+\dfrac{a}{1-c}}{2}=\dfrac{\dfrac{a+c}{1-b}+\dfrac{b+c}{1-a}+\dfrac{b+a}{1-c}}{2}=\dfrac{\dfrac{1-b}{1-b}+\dfrac{1-a}{1-a}+\dfrac{1-c}{1-c}}{2}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow A_{max}=\dfrac{3}{2}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
tìm max
\(\left(\frac{a}{\sqrt{bc}};\frac{b}{\sqrt{ca}};\frac{c}{\sqrt{ab}}\right)\rightarrow\left(x;y;z\right)\)\(\Rightarrow\)\(xyz=1\)\(\Rightarrow\)\(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y+z\ge3\\xy+yz+zx\ge3\end{cases}}\)
\(B=\Sigma\frac{1}{x+3}=\frac{-3\left(x+y+z\right)-5\left(xy+yz+zx\right)-3xyz+27}{4\left(x+3\right)\left(y+3\right)\left(z+3\right)}+\frac{3}{4}\le\frac{-9-15-3+27}{4\Pi\left(x+3\right)}+\frac{3}{4}=\frac{3}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)