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Áp dụng Côsi:
\(a^2+\left(\frac{19-\sqrt{37}}{12}\right)^2\ge2\sqrt{\left(\frac{19-\sqrt{37}}{12}\right)^2.a^2}=2.\frac{19-\sqrt{37}}{12}a\)
\(b^2+\left(\frac{19-\sqrt{37}}{12}\right)^2\ge2.\frac{19-\sqrt{37}}{12}b\)
\(c^3+\left(\frac{\sqrt{37}-1}{6}\right)^3+\left(\frac{\sqrt{37}-1}{6}\right)^3\ge3\sqrt[3]{\left(\frac{\sqrt{37}-1}{6}\right)^3\left(\frac{\sqrt{37}-1}{6}\right)^3.c^3}=3.\left(\frac{\sqrt{37}-1}{6}\right)^2c\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^3+2\left(\frac{19-\sqrt{37}}{12}\right)^2+2\left(\frac{\sqrt{37}-1}{6}\right)^3\ge2.\frac{19-\sqrt{37}}{12}a+2.\frac{19-\sqrt{37}}{12}b+3.\left(\frac{\sqrt{37}-1}{6}\right)^2c\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^3+2.\left(\frac{19-\sqrt{37}}{12}\right)^2+3.\left(\frac{\sqrt{37}-1}{6}\right)^3\ge\frac{19-\sqrt{37}}{6}\left(a+b+c\right)=\frac{19-\sqrt{37}}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^3\ge\frac{19-\sqrt{37}}{2}-2.\left(\frac{19-\sqrt{37}}{12}\right)^2-2.\left(\frac{\sqrt{37}-1}{6}\right)^3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(a=b=\frac{19-\sqrt{37}}{12};\text{ }c=\frac{\sqrt{37}-1}{6}\)
Vậy GTNN của biệu thức là .......
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\(a+b+c=0\) nên trong 3 số a;b;c phải có ít nhất 1 số dương
Do vai trò của 3 biến như nhau, ko mất tính tổng quát, giả sử \(c>0\)
\(a+b+c=0\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=-2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(a^3+b^3+c^3=a^3+b^3+3ab\left(a+b\right)+c^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)=\left(-c\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(-c\right)=3abc=-6\)
\(\Rightarrow F=\dfrac{ab+bc+ca-\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{-6}=\dfrac{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{-6}=\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{-2}\)
\(=\dfrac{-\dfrac{2}{c}+c\left(a+b\right)}{-2}=\dfrac{-\dfrac{2}{c}+c\left(-c\right)}{-2}=\dfrac{c^2}{2}+\dfrac{1}{c}=\dfrac{c^2}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2c}+\dfrac{1}{2c}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{c^2}{8c^2}}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(F_{min}=\dfrac{3}{2}\) khi \(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(-2;1;1\right)\) và các hoán vị
cho c^2 +2(ab -ac -bc ) =0 và b khác c, a+b khác 0. Chứng minh a^2 +(a-c)^2 /b^2+(b-c)^2 = a-c / b-c
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\(a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab-2ac-2bc=a^2+b^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b-c\right)^2=a^2+b^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a^2=\left(a+b-c\right)^2-b^2=\left(a+b-c-b\right)\left(a+b-c+b\right)=\left(a-c\right)\left(a+2b-c\right)\\b^2=\left(a+b-c\right)^2-a^2=\left(a+b-c-a\right)\left(a+b-c+a\right)=\left(b-c\right)\left(2a+b-c\right)\end{cases}}\)
\(a^2+\left(a-c\right)^2=\left(a-c\right)\left(a+2b-c\right)+\left(a-c\right)^2\)
\(=\left(a-c\right)\left(a+2b-c+a-c\right)=2\left(a-c\right)\left(a+b-c\right)\)
\(b^2+\left(b-c\right)^2=\left(b-c\right)\left(2a+b-c\right)+\left(b-c\right)^2\)
\(=\left(b-c\right)\left(2a+b-c+b-c\right)=2\left(b-c\right)\left(a+b-c\right)\)
Vậy \(\frac{a^2+\left(a-c\right)^2}{b^2+\left(b-c\right)^2}=\frac{2\left(a-c\right)\left(a+b+c\right)}{2\left(b-c\right)\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{a-c}{b-c}\)