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\(Để\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}-\frac{4}{a+b}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b}{ab}-\frac{4}{a+b}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{ab\left(a+b\right)}-\frac{4ab}{ab\left(a+b\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^2+2ab+b^2-4ab}{ab\left(a+b\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^2-2ab+b^2}{ab\left(a+b\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{ab\left(a+b\right)}\ge0\left(đpcm\right)\)
Vậy \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b}{ab}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2-4ab\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)(Luôn đúng)
Ta đặt \(a^2+4b+3=k^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow k^2-a^2\equiv3\left[4\right]\)
Mà \(k^2,a^2\equiv0,1\left[4\right]\) nên \(k^2⋮4,a^2\equiv1\left[4\right]\) \(\Rightarrow k⋮2,a\equiv1\left[2\right]\)
Đặt \(k=2l,a=2c+1>b\), ta có \(\left(2c+1\right)^2+4b+3=4l^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4c^2+4c+4b+4=4l^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow c^2+c+1+b=l^2\)
Nếu \(b< c\) thì \(c^2< c^2+c+1+b< c^2+2c+1=\left(c+1\right)^2\), vô lí.
Nếu \(c< b< 2c+1\) thì
\(\left(c+1\right)^2< c^2+c+1+b< c^2+4c+4=\left(c+2\right)^2\), cũng vô lí.
Do vậy, \(c=b\) hay \(a=2b+1\)
Từ đó \(b^2+4a+12=b^2+4\left(2b+1\right)+12\) \(=b^2+8b+16\) \(=\left(b+4\right)^2\) là SCP. Suy ra đpcm.
Vì \(ab+bc+ac=3\) => \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=\frac{3}{abc}\)
Đặt \(\frac{1}{a}=x\): \(\frac{1}{b}=y\): \(\frac{1}{c}=z\)=> x+y+z=3xyz
Ta có \(4\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)+\frac{1}{xyz}\ge13\)
AD BĐT \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{9}{a+b+c}\) dấu = khi a=b=c ta có
\(4\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\ge\frac{36}{x+y+z}\)=\(\frac{36}{3xyz}=\frac{12}{xyz}\)
=> \(\frac{12}{xyz}+\frac{1}{xyz}\ge13\)
=> \(\frac{13}{xyz}\ge13\)
mà \(3xyz=x+y+z\ge3\sqrt[3]{xyz}\)dấu = khi x=y=z
=> xyz\(\le1\)
=> đpcm
Để \(\frac{a-b}{b+c}+\frac{b-c}{c+d}+\frac{c-d}{d+a}\ge\frac{a-d}{a+b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a-b}{b+c}+\frac{b-c}{c+d}+\frac{c-d}{d+a}+\frac{d-a}{a+b}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a-b}{b+c}+1+\frac{b-c}{c+d}+1+\frac{c-d}{d+a}+1+\frac{d-a}{a+b}+1\ge4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+c}{b+c}+\frac{b+d}{c+d}+\frac{c+a}{d+a}+\frac{d+b}{a+b}\ge4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{d+a}\right)+\left(b+d\right)\left(\frac{1}{c+d}+\frac{1}{a+b}\right)\ge4\)(Cần phải chứng minh)
Ta có : \(\left(a+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{d+a}\right)\ge\left(a+c\right).\frac{4}{a+b+c+d}\left(1\right)\)(Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si)
\(\left(b+d\right)\left(\frac{1}{c+d}+\frac{1}{a+b}\right)\ge\left(b+d\right).\frac{4}{a+b+c+d}\left(2\right)\)(Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left(a+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{d+a}\right)+\left(b+d\right)\left(\frac{1}{c+d}+\frac{1}{a+b}\right)\)
\(\ge\frac{4\left(a+c\right)}{a+b+c+d}+\frac{4\left(b+d\right)}{a+b+c+d}=4\)(Điều phải chứng minh)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}ab+bc+ca=abc\\a+b+c=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}abc-ab-bc-ca=0\\a+b+c-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left(a-1\right)\left(b-1\right)\left(c-1\right)=\left(a-1\right)\left(bc-b-c+1\right)\)
\(=abc-ab-ac+a-bc+b+c-1\)
\(=\left(abc-ab-bc-ca\right)+\left(a+b+c-1\right)\)
\(=0+0=0\) (ddpcm)
\(VT=\left(a-1\right)\left(b-1\right)\left(c-1\right)\\ =\left(ab-a-b+1\right)\left(c-1\right)\\ =abc-ab-ac+a-bc+b+c-1\\ =abc-\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+\left(a+b+c\right)-1\\ =abc-abc+1-1=0=VP\)
\(\left(a+b\right)\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\right)=\left(a+b\right)\left(\frac{a+b}{ab}\right)=\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{ab}=\frac{a^2+b^2+2ab}{ab}>=\frac{4ab}{ab}=4\)