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\(a^2+b^2+c^2+3=2\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2a+1+b^2-2b+1+c^2-2c+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-1\right)^2+\left(b-1\right)^2+\left(c-1\right)^2=0\Rightarrowđcpm\)
a²+b²+c²+3=2(a+b+c)
=>a²-2a+1+b²-2b+1+c²-2c+1=1
=>(a-1) ² +(b-1) ² +(c-1) ²=1
=>a=b=c=1 dpcm
Trước hết, với \(a+b+c=1\) ta có:
\(a^2+b^2+c^2=\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(=\left(a^3+ab^2\right)+\left(b^3+bc^2\right)+\left(c^3+ca^2\right)+a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\)
\(\ge2a^2b+2b^2c+2c^2a+a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\)
Hay \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge3\left(a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\right)\)
Từ đó:
\(\dfrac{a^2}{b}+\dfrac{b^2}{c}+\dfrac{c^2}{a}=\dfrac{a^4}{a^2b}+\dfrac{b^4}{b^2c}+\dfrac{c^4}{c^2a}\ge\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{a^2b+b^2c+c^2a}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{3\left(a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{a^2b+b^2c+c^2a}=3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=a^2+b^2+c^2\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ca=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3b^3+b^3c^3+c^3a^3=3a^2b^2c^2\)
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{bc}{a^2}+\dfrac{ac}{b^2}+\dfrac{ab}{c^2}=\dfrac{a^3b^3+b^3c^3+c^3a^3}{a^2b^2c^2}=\dfrac{3a^2b^2c^2}{a^2b^2c^2}=3\)
Ta có: \(a\left(b^2-1\right)\left(c^2-1\right)+b\left(a^2-1\right)\left(c^2-1\right)+c\left(a^2-1\right)\left(b^2-1\right)\)
\(=a\left(b^2c^2-b^2-c^2+1\right)+b\left(a^2c^2-a^2-c^2+1\right)\)
\(+c\left(a^2b^2-a^2-b^2+1\right)\)
\(=ab^2c^2-ab^2-ac^2+a+ba^2c^2-a^2b-bc^2+b\)
\(+ca^2b^2-a^2c-b^2c+c\)
\(=\left(ab^2c^2+ba^2c^2+ca^2b^2\right)+\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(-\left(ab^2+ac^2+a^2b+bc^2+a^2c+b^2c\right)\)
\(=abc\left(bc+ac+ab\right)+\left(a+b+c\right)\)\(-\left[ab\left(a+b\right)+bc\left(b+c\right)+ca\left(c+a\right)\right]\)
\(=abc\left(bc+ac+ab\right)+\left(a+b+c\right)+3abc\)\(-\left[ab\left(a+b+c\right)+bc\left(a+b+c\right)+ca\left(a+b+c\right)\right]\)
\(=abc\left(bc+ac+ab\right)+\left(a+b+c\right)+3abc\)\(-\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(=abc\left(bc+ac+ab\right)+abc+3abc\)\(-abc\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=4abc\)
Vậy \(a\left(b^2-1\right)\left(c^2-1\right)+b\left(a^2-1\right)\left(c^2-1\right)+c\left(a^2-1\right)\left(b^2-1\right)=4abc\)(đpcm)
Ta có a+b+c=0⇔(a+b+c)2=0⇔a2+b2+c2+2(ab+bc+ac)=0a+b+c=0⇔(a+b+c)2=0⇔a2+b2+c2+2(ab+bc+ac)=0
+) Nếu a2+b2+c2=2a2+b2+c2=2 thì ab+bc+ac=−22=−1⇔(ab+bc+ac)2=1⇔a2b2+b2c2+c2a2+2abc(a+b+c)=1ab+bc+ac=−22=−1⇔(ab+bc+ac)2=1⇔a2b2+b2c2+c2a2+2abc(a+b+c)=1
⇔a2b2+b2c2+c2a2=1⇔a2b2+b2c2+c2a2=1
Ta có : (a2+b2+c2)2=a4+b4+c4+2(a2b2+b2c2+c2a2)=4(a2+b2+c2)2=a4+b4+c4+2(a2b2+b2c2+c2a2)=4
⇔a4+b4+c2+2=4⇔a4+b4+c4=2⇔a4+b4+c2+2=4⇔a4+b4+c4=2
+ Nếu a2+b2+c2=1a2+b2+c2=1 làm tương tự
\(a^2+b^2+c^2+3=2a+2b+2c\)
<=>\(\left(a^2-2a+1\right)+\left(b^2-2b+1\right)+\left(c^2-2c+1\right)=0\)
<=>\(\left(a-1\right)^2+\left(b-1\right)^2+\left(c-1\right)^2=0\)
Với mọi a;b;c thì \(\left(a-1\right)^2>=0\);\(\left(b-1\right)^2>=0\);\((c-1)^2>=0\)
Do đó \(\left(a-1\right)^2+\left(b-1\right)^2+\left(c-1\right)^2>=0\)
Để \(\left(a-1\right)^2+\left(b-1\right)^2+\left(c-1\right)^2=0\)thì ...(giải tìm a;b;c)
<=>a=b=c=1
Vậy a=b=c=1(đpcm)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy ta có:
\(a^2+a+1\ge3a\)
\(b^2+b+1\ge3b\)
\(c^2+c+1\ge3c\)
Cộng 3 vế BĐT lại ta có:
\(a^2+b^2+c^2+\left(a+b+c\right)+3\ge3.\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+3\ge2.\left(a+b+c\right)\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Mà theo đề bài ta có:
\(a^2+b^2+c^2+3=2.\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(a=b=c=1\) ( đpcm )