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vì a,b,c dương => a+b khác 0
b+c khác 0
a+c khác 0
áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(E=\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{a+c}+\frac{c}{a+b}=\frac{a+b+c}{b+c+a+c+a+b}=\frac{a+b+c}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\)
vậy E = \(\frac{1}{2}\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có: \(\frac{a^2}{b+c}+\frac{b+c}{4}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a^2\left(b+c\right)}{4\left(b+c\right)}}=a\)
Tương tự ta có: \(\frac{b^2}{c+a}+\frac{c+a}{4}\ge b;\) \(\frac{c^2}{a+b}+\frac{a+b}{4}\ge c\)
Cộng 3 BĐT trên theo vế thì được:
\(\frac{a^2}{b+c}+\frac{b^2}{c+a}+\frac{c^2}{a+b}+\frac{a+b+c}{2}\ge a+b+c\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^2}{b+c}+a+\frac{b^2}{c+a}+b+\frac{c^2}{a+b}+c\ge\frac{3\left(a+b+c\right)}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a\left(a+b+c\right)}{b+c}+\frac{b\left(a+b+c\right)}{c+a}+\frac{c\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b}\ge\frac{3\left(a+b+c\right)}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)\(\Rightarrow E\ge\frac{3}{2}\).
Vậy \(Min\) \(E=\frac{3}{2}\). Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> a=b=c.
2) Ta có : \(\left|x-1\right|+\left|1-x\right|=2\) (1)
Xét 3 trường hợp :
1. Với \(x>1\) , phương trình (1) trở thành : \(x-1+x-1=2\Leftrightarrow2x=4\Leftrightarrow x=2\) (thoả mãn)
2. Với \(x< 1\), phương trình (1) trở thành : \(1-x+1-x=2\Leftrightarrow2x=0\Leftrightarrow x=0\)(thoả mãn)
3. Với x = 1 , phương trình vô nghiệm.
Vậy tập nghiệm của phương trình : \(S=\left\{0;2\right\}\)
1) Cách 1:
Ta có ; \(A=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)=1+\frac{a}{b}+\frac{a}{c}+\frac{b}{a}+1+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}+\frac{c}{b}+1\)
\(=3+\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\right)+\left(\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{b}\right)+\left(\frac{a}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\right)\)
Mặt khác theo bất đẳng thức Cauchy :\(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a}{b}.\frac{b}{a}}=2\) ;\(\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{b}\ge2\) ; \(\frac{c}{a}+\frac{a}{c}\ge2\)
\(\Rightarrow A\ge1+2+2+2=9\). Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{a}\\\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{b}\\\frac{a}{c}=\frac{c}{a}\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
Vậy Min A = 9 <=> a = b = c
Cách 2 : Sử dụng bđt Bunhiacopxki : \(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge\left(1+1+1\right)^2=9\)
\(B=\frac{2001}{2}\left[\left(a+b\right)+\left(b+c\right)+\left(c+a\right)\right].\left[\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}\right]\)
\(B=\frac{2001}{2}\left[\frac{a+b}{a+b}+\frac{a+b}{b+c}+\frac{a+b}{c+a}+\frac{b+c}{a+b}+\frac{b+c}{b+c}+\frac{b+c}{c+a}+\frac{c+a}{a+b}+\frac{c+a}{b+c}+\frac{c+a}{c+a}\right]\)
\(B=\frac{2001}{2}\left[1+\left(\frac{a+b}{b+c}+\frac{b+c}{a+b}\right)+\left(\frac{a+b}{c+a}+\frac{c+a}{a+b}\right)+1+\left(\frac{b+c}{c+a}+\frac{c+a}{b+c}\right)+1\right]\)
Dễ dàng chứng minh được \(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}\ge2\). Suy ra:
\(\left(\frac{a+b}{b+c}+\frac{b+c}{a+b}\right)\ge2\); \(\left(\frac{a+b}{c+a}+\frac{c+a}{a+b}\right)\ge2\); \(\left(\frac{b+c}{c+a}+\frac{c+a}{b+c}\right)\ge2\)
=> \(B\ge\frac{2001}{2}.\left(3+2+2+2\right)=\frac{18009}{2}\)
Dấu = khi và chỉ khi \(\frac{a+b}{b+c}=\frac{b+c}{a+b}=\frac{c+a}{b+c}\Rightarrow a=b=c\)
vậy Min B = 18009/2
1 .
Từ gt : \(2ab+6bc+2ac=7abc\)và \(a,b,c>0\)
Chia cả hai vế cho abc > 0
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2}{c}+\frac{6}{a}+\frac{2}{b}=7\)
Đặt \(x=\frac{1}{a},y=\frac{1}{b},z=\frac{1}{c}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x,y,z>0\\2z+6x+2y=7\end{cases}}\)
Khi đó : \(C=\frac{4ab}{a+2b}+\frac{9ac}{a+4c}+\frac{4bc}{b+c}\)
\(=\frac{4}{2x+y}+\frac{9}{4x+z}+\frac{4}{y+z}\)
\(\Rightarrow C=\frac{4}{2x+y}+2x+y+\frac{9}{4x+z}+4x+z+\frac{4}{y+z}+y+z\)\(-\left(2x+y+4x+z+y+z\right)\)
\(=\left(\frac{2}{\sqrt{x+2y}}-\sqrt{x+2y}\right)^2+\left(\frac{3}{\sqrt{4x+z}}-\sqrt{4x+z}\right)^2\)\(+\left(\frac{2}{\sqrt{y+z}}-\sqrt{y+z}\right)^2+17\ge17\)
Khi \(x=\frac{1}{2},y=z=1\)thì \(C=17\)
Vậy GTNN của C là 17 khi a =2; b =1; c = 1
2 .
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy ta có :\(1+b^2\ge2b\)nên
\(\frac{a+1}{1+b^2}=\left(a+1\right)-\frac{b^2\left(a+1\right)}{b^2+1}\)
\(\ge\left(a+1\right)-\frac{b^2\left(a+1\right)}{2b}=a+1-\frac{ab+b}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+1}{1+b^2}\ge a+1-\frac{ab+b}{2}\left(1\right)\)
Tương tự ta có:
\(\frac{b+1}{1+c^2}\ge b+1-\frac{bc+c}{2}\left(2\right)\)
\(\frac{c+1}{1+a^2}\ge c+1-\frac{ca+a}{2}\left(3\right)\)
Cộng vế theo vế (1), (2) và (3) ta được:
\(\frac{a+1}{1+b^2}+\frac{b+1}{1+c^2}+\frac{c+1}{1+a^2}\ge3+\frac{a+b+c-ab-bc-ca}{2}\left(^∗\right)\)
Mặt khác : \(3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\le\left(a+b+c\right)^2=9\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b+c-ab-bc-ca}{2}\ge0\)
Nên \(\left(^∗\right)\) \(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+1}{1+b^2}+\frac{b+1}{1+c^2}+\frac{c+1}{1+a^2}\ge3\left(đpcm\right)\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Chúc bạn học tốt !!!
\(a+b+c=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\)
\(\Rightarrow2.\left(a+b+c\right)=a+b+c+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:
\(a+b+c+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge2\sqrt{a.\frac{1}{a}}+2\sqrt{b.\frac{1}{b}}+2\sqrt{c.\frac{1}{c}}\)
\(=2+2+2=6\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b+c\ge3\)
\(P=a+b^{2019}+c^{2020}\)
\(=a+\left(b^{2019}+1.2018\right)+\left(c^{2020}+1.2019\right)-4037\)
\(\ge a+2019.\sqrt[2019]{b^{2019}.1^{2018}}+2020.\sqrt[2020]{c^{2020}.1^{2019}}-4037\)(BDT Cauchy-Schwarz)
\(=a+2019b+2020c-4037\)
Do \(a\le b\le c\)nên
\(\Rightarrow P\ge a+2019b+2020c\)
\(\ge a+\left(\frac{2017}{3}+\frac{4040}{3}\right)b+\left(\frac{2020}{3}+\frac{4040}{3}\right)c-4037\)
\(\ge a+\frac{2017}{3}a+\frac{4040}{3}b+\frac{2020}{3}a+\frac{4040}{3}c-4037\)
\(=\frac{4040}{3}.\left(a+b+c\right)-4037\)
\(\ge4040-4037=3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
Xét \(A=\frac{a^2}{b+c}+\frac{b^2}{c+a}+\frac{c^2}{a+b}\)
\(=a.\frac{a}{b+c}+b.\frac{b}{c+a}+c.\frac{c}{a+b}\)
\(=a.\left(\frac{a}{b+c}+1-1\right)+b.\left(\frac{b}{c+a}+1-1\right)+c.\left(\frac{c}{a+b}+1-1\right)\)
\(=a.\frac{a+b+c}{b+c}-a+b.\frac{a+b+c}{c+a}-b+c.\frac{a+b+c}{a+b}-c\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right).\left(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}\right)-\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right).2020-\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\frac{A}{a+b+c}=\frac{\left(a+b+c\right).2019}{a+b+c}=2019\)
Vậy...
Dat \(\hept{\begin{cases}A=\frac{b+c}{a}+\frac{c+a}{b}+\frac{a+b}{c}\\B=\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}\end{cases}}\)
Ta co:\(A=\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\right)+\left(\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{b}\right)+\left(\frac{c}{a}+\frac{a}{c}\right)\ge2+2+2=6\left(1\right)\)
\(B=\frac{a+b+c}{a+b}+\frac{a+b+c}{b+c}+\frac{a+b+c}{c+a}-3\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}\right)-3\ge\left(a+b+c\right).\frac{9}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}-3=\frac{3}{2}\left(2\right)\)
Cong ve voi ve cua (1) va (2) ta duoc:
\(P=A+B\ge6+\frac{3}{2}=\frac{15}{2}\)
Dau '=' xay ra khi \(a=b=c\)
Chứng minh ĐBT:\(\frac{b}{a}+\frac{a}{b}\ge2\left(a,b\ne0\right)\)(Dấu "="\(\Leftrightarrow a=b=1\))
Ta có: \(\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2\ge2ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^2+b^2}{ab}\ge2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\ge2\left(đpcm\right)\)
Vậy \(\frac{b+c}{a}+\frac{a}{b+c}\ge2\)
\(\frac{a+c}{b}+\frac{b}{c+a}\ge2\)
\(\frac{a+b}{c}+\frac{c}{b+a}\ge2\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge6\)
Vậy \(P_{min}=6\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=b+c\\b=a+c\\c=a+b\end{cases}}\)