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\(\overline{M}=\dfrac{28.nN_2+44.nN_2O}{nN_2+nN_2O}=20,4.2\left(1\right)\)
\(nN_2+nN_2O=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1), (2) suy ra\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}nN_2=0,02\\nN_2O=0,08\end{matrix}\right.\)
gọi x, y lần lượt là nAl và nMg
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}mhh=27x+24y=9\\3x+2y=10.0,02+8.0,08\left(BTne\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,12\\y=0,24\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\%mAl=\dfrac{mAl.100\%}{mhh}=\dfrac{0,12.27.100\%}{9}=36\%\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{N_2O}+n_{NO}=0,04\\44n_{N_2O}+30n_{NO}=18,5.2.0,04=1,48\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{N_2O}=0,02\left(mol\right)\\n_{NO}=0,02\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{N_2O}=\dfrac{0,02.44}{1,48}.100\%=59,46\%\\\%m_{NO}=\dfrac{0,02.30}{1,48}.100\%=40,54\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{NO}=a\left(mol\right),n_{N_2O}=b\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{hh}=a+b=\dfrac{8.96}{22.4}=0.4\left(mol\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(M_A=20.2=40\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\)
\(m_A=30a+44b=40\cdot0.4=16\left(g\right)\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=\dfrac{4}{35},b=\dfrac{2}{7}\)
Bảo toàn e :
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{\dfrac{4}{35}\cdot3+\dfrac{2}{7}\cdot8}{3}=0.87\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Al}=23.49\left(g\right)\)
8Al+ 30HNO3---->8Al(NO3)3+3N2O+15H2O
x---------------------------------------0,375x
Al + 4HNO3----->Al(NO3)3+NO+2H2O
y-------------------------------------y
n\(_{Khí}=\)\(\frac{2,464}{22,4}=0,11\left(mol\right)\)
Theo bài ta có hệ pt
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+27x=4,34\\0,375x+y=0,11\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,08\\y=0,08\end{matrix}\right.\)
Theo pthh1
n\(_{HNO3}=\frac{30}{8}n_{Al}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Theo pthh2
n\(_{HNO3}=4n_{Al}=0,32\left(mol\right)\)
Σn\(_{HNO3}=0,3+0,32=0,62\left(mol\right)\)
V\(_{HNO3}=\frac{0,62}{2}=0,31l\)
Ta có: \(n_{Cu}=\dfrac{19,2}{64}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Bảo toàn electron: \(2n_{Cu}=3n_{NO}\) \(\Rightarrow n_{NO}=\dfrac{2n_{Cu}}{3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{NO}=0,2\cdot22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
Mặt khác: \(n_{HNO_3}=n_{e\left(trao.đổi\right)}+n_{NO}=0,8\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{HNO_3}=\dfrac{0,8}{1}=0,8\left(l\right)\)
