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Dễ dàng c/m : \(\dfrac{1}{a+2}+\dfrac{1}{b+2}+\dfrac{1}{c+2}=1\)
Ta có : \(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2\left(a^2+b^2\right)}+4}\le\dfrac{1}{a+b+4}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a+2}+\dfrac{1}{b+2}\right)\)
Suy ra : \(\Sigma\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2\left(a^2+b^2\right)}+4}\le2.\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a+2}+\dfrac{1}{b+2}+\dfrac{1}{c+2}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}.1=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
" = " \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
\(ac+bd=\left(b+d+a-c\right)\left(b+d-a+c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ac+bd=\left(b+d\right)^2-\left(a-c\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ac+bd=b^2+d^2+2bd-a^2-c^2+2ac\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-c^2=b^2+d^2+ac+bd\) (1)
Ta có
\(\left(ab+cd\right)\left(ad+bc\right)=a^2bd+ab^2c+acd^2+bc^2d=\)
\(=bd\left(a^2+c^2\right)+ac\left(b^2+d^2\right)\) (2)
Thay (1) vào (2)
\(\left(ab+cd\right)\left(ad+bc\right)=bd\left(b^2+d^2+ac+bd\right)+ac\left(b^2+d^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ab+cd\right)\left(ad+bc\right)=bd\left(b^2+d^2\right)+bd\left(ac+bd\right)+ac\left(b^2+d^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ab+cd\right)\left(ad+bc\right)=\left(b^2+d^2\right)\left(ac+bd\right)+bd\left(ac+bd\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ab+cd\right)\left(ad+bc\right)=\left(ac+bd\right)\left(b^2+d^2+bd\right)\) (3)
Do \(a>b>c>d\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a-d\right)\left(b-c\right)>0\Leftrightarrow ab-ac-bd+cd>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab+cd>ac+bd\) (4)
Và
\(\left(a-b\right)\left(c-d\right)>0\Leftrightarrow ac-ad-bc+bd>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ac+bd>ad+bc\) (5)
Từ (4) và (5) \(\Rightarrow ab+cd>ad+bc\)
Ta có
(3)\(\Leftrightarrow b^2+d^2+bd=\dfrac{\left(ab+cd\right)\left(ad+bc\right)}{\left(ac+bd\right)}\) (6)
Vế trái là số nguyên => vế phải cũng phải là số nguyên
Giả sử ab+cd là số nguyên tố mà \(ab+cd>ac+bd\)
\(\Rightarrow UC\left(ab+cd;ac+bd\right)=1\) => ab+cd không chia hết cho ac+bd
=> để vế phải của (6) là số nguyên \(\Rightarrow ad+bc⋮ac+bd\Rightarrow ad+bc>ac+bd\) Mâu thuẫn với (5) nên giả sử sai => ab+cd không thể là số nguyên tố
mình là người mới ,cho mình hỏi làm sao để kiếm xu đổi quà
\(\dfrac{a}{a+2\sqrt{\left(a+bc\right)}}=\dfrac{a}{a+2\sqrt{a\left(a+b+c\right)+bc}}=\dfrac{a}{a+2\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}\)
\(=\dfrac{a}{a+\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}{2}+\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}{2}+\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}{2}+\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}{2}}\)
\(\le\dfrac{a}{5^2}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}{2}}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{a}{25}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{8}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}\right)=\dfrac{1}{25}+\dfrac{8}{25}.\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}\)
\(\le\dfrac{1}{25}+\dfrac{4}{25}\left(\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{a}{a+c}\right)\)
Tương tự:
\(\dfrac{b}{b+2\sqrt{b+ac}}\le\dfrac{1}{25}+\dfrac{4}{25}\left(\dfrac{b}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}\right)\)
\(\dfrac{c}{c+2\sqrt{c+ab}}\le\dfrac{1}{25}+\dfrac{4}{25}\left(\dfrac{c}{a+c}+\dfrac{c}{b+c}\right)\)
Cộng vế:
\(P\le\dfrac{3}{25}+\dfrac{4}{25}\left(\dfrac{a+b}{a+b}+\dfrac{b+c}{b+c}+\dfrac{c+a}{c+a}\right)=\dfrac{15}{25}=\dfrac{3}{5}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
Bunhiacopxki:
\(\left(a^2+b+c+d\right)\left(1+b+c+d\right)\ge\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2=16\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a^2+b+c+d}\le\dfrac{1+b+c+d}{16}\)
Tương tự:
\(\dfrac{1}{b^2+c+d+a}\le\dfrac{1+c+d+a}{16}\) ; \(\dfrac{1}{c^2+d+a+b}\le\dfrac{1+d+a+b}{16}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{d^2+a+b+c}\le\dfrac{1+a+b+c}{16}\)
Cộng vế:
\(P\le\dfrac{4+3\left(a+b+c+d\right)}{16}=1\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=d=1\)
C/m : \(\dfrac{1}{a+2}+\dfrac{1}{b+2}+\dfrac{1}{c+2}=1\) (*)
Thật vậy , (*) \(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+2\right)\left(b+2\right)+\left(b+2\right)\left(c+2\right)+\left(a+2\right)\left(c+2\right)=\left(a+2\right)\left(b+2\right)\left(c+2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ac+4\left(a+b+c\right)+12=abc+2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)+4\left(a+b+c\right)+8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ac+abc=4\) (Đ)
=> (*) đúng ( đpcm )