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PTHH: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
Ta có: \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{32,5}{65}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl}=1\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{1\cdot36,5}{20\%}=182,5\left(g\right)\\V_{H_2}=0,5\cdot22,4=11,2\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
+\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{32,5}{65}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
+\(nH_2=n_{Zn}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
+\(n_{HCl}=2n_{Zn}=1\left(mol\right)\)
+\(V_{H2}=0,5.22,4=11,2\left(lit\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=1.36,5=36,5\left(gam\right)\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{32,5}{65}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(Zn\) \(+\) \(2\)\(HCl\) → \(ZnCl_2\) \(+\) \(H_2\)
\(0,5\) \(mol\) → \(1\) \(mol\) → \(0,5\)\(mol\) → \(0,5\) \(mol\)
\(V_{H_2}=n.22,4=0,5.22,4=11,2\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=n.M=1.36,5=36,4\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{8,125}{65}=0,125mol\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{18,25}{36,5}=0,5mol\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
Xét: \(\dfrac{0,125}{1}\) < \(\dfrac{0,5}{2}\) ( mol )
0,125 0,125 ( mol )
\(V_{H_2}=0,125.22,4=2,8l\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\); \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{14,6}{36,5}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl --> ZnCl2 + H2
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}=\dfrac{0,4}{2}\) => pư vừa đủ
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl --> ZnCl2 + H2
0,2----------------->0,2
=> VH2 = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48 (l)
nZn = 0.65 / 65 = 0.01 (mol)
Zn + 2HCl => ZnCl2 + H2
0.01..................0.01......0.01
mZnCl2 = 0.01 * 136 = 1.36 (g)
VH2 = 0.01 * 22.4 = 0.224 (l)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1mol\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,1 0,2 0,1 0,1
\(V_{H_2}=0,1\cdot22,4=2,24l\)
\(a.Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right);n_{HCl}=\dfrac{18,25}{36,5}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ LTL:\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{0,5}{2}\Rightarrow HCldư\\ n_{HCl\left(pứ\right)}=2n_{Zn}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\\Rightarrow m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,5-0,4\right).36,5=3,65\left(g\right)\\ b.n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{ZnCl_2}=0,2.136=27,2\left(g\right)\\ c.n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4,=4,48\left(l\right)\\ d.3H_2+Fe_2O_3-^{t^o}\rightarrow2Fe+3H_2O \\ n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{19,2}{160}=0,12\left(mol\right)\\ LTL:\dfrac{0,2}{3}< \dfrac{0,12}{1}\Rightarrow Fe_2O_3dưsauphảnứng\\ \Rightarrow n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2}{15}\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Fe}=\dfrac{2}{15}.56=7,467\left(g\right)\)
a) n\(Zn\)=\(\dfrac{m}{M}\)=\(\dfrac{13}{65}\)=0,2(mol)
n\(HCl\)=\(\dfrac{m}{M}\)=\(\dfrac{18,25}{36,5}=\)0,5(mol)
PTHH : Zn + 2HCl->ZnCl\(2\) + H\(2\)
0,2 0,5
Lập tỉ lệ mol : \(^{\dfrac{0,2}{1}}\)<\(\dfrac{0,5}{2}\)
n\(Zn\) hết , n\(HCl\) dư
-->Tính theo số mol hết
Zn + 2HCl->ZnCl\(2\) + H\(2\)
0,2 -> 0,4 0,2 0,2
n\(HCl\) dư= n\(HCl\)(đề) - n\(HCl\)(pt)= 0,5 - 0,4 = 0,1(mol)
m\(HCl\) dư= 0,1.36,5 = 3,65(g)
b) m\(ZnCl2\) = n.M= 0,2.136= 27,2 (g)
c)V\(H2\)=n.22,4=0,2.22,4=4,48(l)
d) n\(Fe\)\(2\)O\(3\)=\(\dfrac{m}{M}\)=\(\dfrac{19,2}{160}\)=0,12 (mol)
3H2 +Fe2O3 → 2Fe + 3H2O
0,2 0,12
Lập tỉ lệ mol: \(\dfrac{0,2}{3}\)<\(\dfrac{0,12}{1}\)
nH2 hết .Tính theo số mol hết
\(HCl\)
3H2 +Fe2O3 → 2Fe + 3H2O
0,2-> 0,2
m\(Fe\)=n.M= 0,2.56= 11,2(g)
\(a,n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=\dfrac{18,25}{36,5}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl ---> MgCl2 + H2
LTL: \(0,2< \dfrac{0,5}{2}\) => HCl dư
Theo pthh: nH2 = nMg = 0,2 (mol)
=> VH2 = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48 (l)
\(b,n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2,8}{56}=0,.05\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{9,8}{98}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + H2SO4 ---> FeSO4 + H2
LTL: 0,05 < 0,1 => H2SO4 dư
Theo pthh: nH2 = nFe = 0,05 (mol)
=> VH2 = 0,05.22,4 = 1,12 (l)
\(c,n_{Zn}=\dfrac{14,95}{65}=0,23\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=\dfrac{21,9}{36,5}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl ---> ZnCl2 + H2
LTL: \(0,23< \dfrac{0,6}{2}\) => HCl dư
Theo pthh: nH2 = nZn = 0,23 (mol)
=> VH2 = 0,23.22,4 = 5,152 (l)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{32.5}{65}=0.5\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{29.2}{36.5}=0.8\left(mol\right)\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
\(1.........2\)
\(0.5......0.8\)
\(LTL:\dfrac{0.5}{1}>\dfrac{0.8}{2}\Rightarrow Zndư\)
\(V_{H_2}=0.4\cdot22.4=8.96\left(l\right)\)