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\(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=a(mol)\\ BTKL:\\ m_{hh}+m_{H_2SO_4}=m_{muối}+m_{H_2}\\ 29+98.a=86,6+2.a\\ \to a=0,6(mol)\\ V_{H_2}=0,6.22,4=13,44(l)\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}Mg\\Zn\\Fe\end{matrix}\right.+H_2SO_4\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}MgSO_4\\ZnSO_4\\FeSO_4\end{matrix}\right.+H_2\uparrow\)
\(m_{SO_4}=86,8-29=57,8\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{SO_4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow b=V_{H_2}=0,6.22,4=13,44\left(l\right)\)
a) Ta có : \(m_{KL}+m_{SO^{2-}_4}=m_{muối}\)
=> \(m_{SO_4^{2-}}=8,25-2,49=5,76\left(g\right)\)
=> \(n_{SO_4^{2-}}=\dfrac{5,76}{96}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
Mặc khác : \(2H^++SO_4^{2-}\rightarrow H_2SO_4\)
=>\(n_{SO_4^{2-}}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,06.98=5,88\left(g\right)\)
b) Bảo toàn nguyên tố H : \(n_{H_2}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
=> VH2 = 0,06.22,4 = 1,344(lít )
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=a(mol)\\ BTKL:\\ m_{hh}+m_{H_2SO_4}=m_Y+m_{H_2}\\ 2,49+98.a= 8,25+2.a\\ \to a=0,06(mol)\\ a/ m_{H_2SO_4}=0,06.98=5,88(g)\\ b/ V_{H_2}=0,06.22,4=1,334(l)\)
\(n_{Mg}=a;n_{Fe}=0,5a;n_{Zn}=b\\ a\left(24+28\right)+65b=52a+65b=44,2\\ 1,5a+b=\dfrac{24,64}{22,4}1,1\\ a=0,6;b=0,2\\ \%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{24a}{44,2}=32,58\%\\ \%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{28a}{44,2}=38\%\\ \%m_{Zn}=29,42\%\\ m_{ddacid}=\dfrac{98\left(1,5a+b\right)}{0,08}=1347,5g\\ m_{ddsau}=1389,5g\\ C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{95a}{1389,5}=4,10\%\\ C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{127.0,5a}{1389,5}=2,74\%\\ C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{136b}{1389,5}=1,96\%\)
a)
$Mg + H_2SO_4 \to MgSO_4 + H_2$
$Fe + H_2SO_4 \to FeSO_4 + H_2$
b) Chất rắn không tan là Cu $\Rightarrow m_{Cu} = 1,28(gam)$
Gọi $n_{Mg} = a(mol) ; n_{Fe} = b(mol) \Rightarrow 24a + 56b + 1,28 = 2,44(1)$
Theo PTHH :
$n_{H_2} = a + b = \dfrac{0,784}{22,4} = 0,035(2)$
Từ (1)(2) suy ra : a = 0,025 ; b = 0,01
$\%m_{Mg} = \dfrac{0,025.24}{2,44}.100\% = 24,6\%$
$\%m_{Fe} = \dfrac{0,01.56}{2,44}.100\% = 23\%$
$\%m_{Cu} = 100\% - 24,6\% - 23\% = 52,4\%$
Gọi x, y lần lượt là số mol Al, Fe
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\\ Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,56}{22,4}=0,025\left(mol\right)\\ Tacó:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+56y=0,83\\1,5x+y=0,025\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,01\\y=0,01\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=0,27\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe}=0,56\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,344}{22,4}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
=> nH2SO4 = 0,06 (mol)
Theo ĐLBTKL: mkim loại + mH2SO4 = mmuối + mH2
=> mmuối = 2,49 + 0,06.98 - 0,06.2 = 8,25 (g)
Cảm ơn nhó, cho kẹo nè