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\(n_{KMnO_4}=\dfrac{15,8}{258}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(2KMnO_4+16HCl\rightarrow2KCl+2MnCl_2+5Cl_2+8H_2O\)
0,1 0,25 (mol)
\(V_{Cl_2}=0,25.22,4=5,6\left(l\right)\)
1)
- Xét phần 1:
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
0,2<-------------------0,2
=> nFe = 0,2 (mol)
- Xét phần 2:
\(n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Fe + 6H2SO4 --> Fe2(SO4)3 + 3SO2 + 6H2O
0,2-->0,6-------->0,1--------->0,3
Cu + 2H2SO4 --> CuSO4 + SO2 + 2H2O
0,3<----0,6<------0,3<-----0,3
=> nCu = 0,3 (mol)
m = 2.(0,2.56 + 0,3.64) = 60,8 (g)
2)
\(m_{H_2SO_4\left(bđ\right)}=\dfrac{200.98}{100}=196\left(g\right)\)
=> \(m_{H_2SO_4\left(sau.pư\right)}=196-98\left(0,6+0,6\right)=78,4\left(g\right)\)
mdd sau pư = \(\dfrac{60,8}{2}+200-0,6.64=192\left(g\right)\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{\left(Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\right)}=\dfrac{0,1.400}{192}.100\%=20,83\%\\C\%_{\left(CuSO_4\right)}=\dfrac{0,3.160}{192}.100\%=25\%\\C\%_{\left(H_2SO_4.dư\right)}=\dfrac{78,4}{192}.100\%=40,83\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{AgCl}=\dfrac{7,175}{143,5}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: HCl + AgNO3 ---> AgCl↓ + HNO3
0,05<---------------0,05
\(\rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,05.36,5=1,825\left(g\right)\\
\rightarrow C\%_{ddA}=\dfrac{1,825}{50}.100\%=3,65\%\)
\(n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Đặt H = x%
PTHH: Cl2 + H2 --as--> 2HCl
LTL: 6,72 < 10 => H2 dư
=> nHCl = 0,3x (mol)
\(\rightarrow C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,3x.36,5}{0,3x.36,5+385,4}.100\%=3,65\%\\ \Leftrightarrow20,23\%\)
\(n_{KMnO_4}=\frac{15,8}{158}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH : \(2KMnO_4+16HCl-->2KCl+2MnCl_2+5Cl_2+8H_2O\) (1)
\(Cl_2+H_2-as->2HCl\) (2)
Có : \(m_{ddHCl}=100\cdot1,05=105\left(g\right)\)
=> \(m_{HCl}=105-97,7=7,3\left(g\right)\)
=> \(n_{HCl}=\frac{7,3}{36,5}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
BT Clo : \(n_{Cl_2}=\frac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Mà theo lí thuyết : \(n_{Cl_2}=\frac{5}{2}n_{KMnO_4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(H\%=\frac{0,1}{0,25}\cdot100\%=40\%\)
Vì spu nổ thu được hh hai chất khí => \(\hept{\begin{cases}H_2\\HCl\end{cases}}\) (Vì H2 dư)
=> \(n_{hh}=\frac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(n_{H_2\left(spu\right)}=n_{hh}-n_{HCl\left(spu\right)}=0,6-0,2=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
BT Hidro : \(\Sigma_{n_{H2\left(trong.binh\right)}}=n_{H_2\left(spu\right)}+\frac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,4+0,1=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
đọc thiếu đề câu a wtf
\(C_{M\left(HCl\right)}=\frac{0,2}{0,1}=2\left(M\right)\)
Phản ứng xảy ra:
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2Alcl_3+3H_2\)
\(Al_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2O\)
Ta có:
\(n_{H_2}=\frac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15mol\)
\(\rightarrow n_{Al}=\frac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=0,1mol\)
\(\rightarrow m_{Al}=0,1.27=2,7gam\rightarrow m_{Al_2O_2}=10,2gam\)
\(\rightarrow\%m_{Al}=\frac{2,7}{12,9}=20,93\%\rightarrow\%m_{Al_2O_2}=79,07\%\)
\(n_{Al_2O_3}=\frac{10,2}{27.2+16.3}=0,1mol\)
\(\rightarrow n_{HCl}=3n_{Al}+6n_{Al_2O_3}=0,1.3+0,1.6=0,9mol\)
\(\rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,9.36,5=32,85gam\)
\(\rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\frac{32,85}{3,65\%}=900gam\)