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Đặt \(n_{Al}=x(mol);n_{Fe}=y(mol)\)
\(\Rightarrow 27x+56y=5,5(1)\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2(mol)\\ 2Al+6HCl\to 2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ Fe+2HCl\to FeCl_2+H_2\\ \Rightarrow 1,5x+y=0,2(2)\\ (1)(2)\Rightarrow x=0,1(mol);y=0,05(mol)\\ a,\begin{cases} \%_{Al}=\dfrac{0,1.27}{5,5}.100\%=49,09\%\\ \%_{Fe}=100\%-49,09\%=50,91\% \end{cases}\\ b,\Sigma n_{HCl}=3x+2y=0,4(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,4.36,5}{14,6\%}=100(g)\)
\(n_{AlCl_3}=0,1(mol);n_{FeCl_2}=0,05(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,1.133,5}{0,1.27+100-0,15.2}.100\%=13,04\%\\ C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,05.127}{0,05.56+100-0,05.2}.100\%=6,18\%\)
\(a,PTHH:Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ b,n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{HCl}=2n_{Fe}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,2}=2M\\ c,PTHH:HCl+NaOH\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=n_{HCl}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CT_{NaOH}}=0,4\cdot40=16\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{16\cdot100\%}{16\%}=100\left(g\right)\)
Tham khảo
a.Fe+2HCL--> FeCl2+H2
b.Ta có số mol của sắt: n = 11,2/56=0,2 (mol)
Theo PTHH, ta có : 1 mol Fe -->1 mol H2
0,2 mol Fe --> 0,2 mol H2
Do đó, thể tích của H2 là :
V = n . 22,4 = 0,2 . 22,4 =4,48 (lít)
c. Ta có: C% = (0,2 . 56 / (0,2 . 2). 36,5 ).100% =76,71 % (mk không chắc chắn đâu )
d.Theo PTHH, ta có : 1 mol Fe --> 1 mol FeCl2
0,2 mol Fe --> 0,2 mol FeCl2
Do đó, khối lương muối tạo thành :
m = n . M = 0,2 . 127 = 25,4 (g)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ 2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\\ 0,2........0,3...........0,1...........0,3\left(mol\right)\\ a.C_{MddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,3}=1\left(M\right)\\ b.m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=342.0,1=34,2\left(g\right)\\ c.V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
PTHH: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
a) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,3}=1M\)
b) \(n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=n.M=0,1.342=34,2\left(g\right)\)
c) \(n_{H_2}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=n.22,4=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
a, PT: \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{19,6}{56}=0,35\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,35\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,35.22,4=7,84\left(l\right)\)
c, \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{Fe}=0,35\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,35}{0,2}=1,75\left(M\right)\)
d, \(n_{FeSO_4}=n_{Fe}=0,35\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{FeSO_4}=0,35.152=53,2\left(g\right)\)
e, \(C_{M_{FeSO_4}}=\dfrac{0,35}{0,2}=1,75\left(M\right)\)
d, \(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,25.1,6=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{n_{Fe}}{1}< \dfrac{n_{H_2SO_4}}{1}\), ta được H2SO4 dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4\left(pư\right)}=n_{Fe}=0,35\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,4-0,35=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,05.98=4,9\left(g\right)\)
B1:
2NaOH+H2SO4\(\rightarrow\)Na2SO4+2H2O
nNaOH=\(\frac{4}{40}=0.1\)mol
=>nH2SO4=\(\frac{1}{2}\)nNaOH=0.05 mol
=>CM=\(\frac{n_{H2SO42}}{V}\)=\(\frac{0.05}{200}\)=2,5.10-4 (M)
B2:
Mg+\(\frac{1}{2}\)O2\(\underrightarrow{t^0}\)MgO (1)
MgO+2HCl\(\rightarrow\)MgCl2+H2O (2)
nMg(1)=\(\frac{0,36}{24}=0,015mol\)
=>nMgO(1)=0,015=nMgO(2)
nHCl(2)=2nMgO(2)=0,03mol
=>CM(HCl)=\(\frac{n_{HCl}}{V}=\frac{0,03}{100}=3.10^{-4}M\)
a)
$n_{Al} = 0,3(mol)$
$2Al + 3H_2SO_4 \to Al_2(SO_4)_3 + 3H_2$
Theo PTHH :
$n_{H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al} = 0,45(mol)$
$m_{dd\ H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{0,45.98}{12,25\%} = 360(gam)$
b)
$n_{H_2} = n_{H_2SO_4} = 0,45(mol)$
$V_{H_2} = 0,45.22,4 = 10,08(lít)$
c)
$n_{Al_2(SO_4)_3} = 0,15(mol)$
$m_{dd\ sau\ pư} = 8,1 + 360 - 0,45.2 = 367,2(gam)$
$C\%_{Al_2(SO_4)_3} = \dfrac{0,15.342}{367,2}.100\% = 14\%$
tham khảo:
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{10,8}{27}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
a) Pt : \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2|\)
2 3 1 3
0,4 0,6 0,2 0,6
\(n_{H2}=\dfrac{0,4.3}{2}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{H2\left(dktc\right)}=0,6.22,4=13,44\left(l\right)\)
b) \(n_{H2SO4}=\dfrac{0,4.3}{2}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{H2SO4}=0,6.98=58,8\left(g\right)\)
\(C_{ddH2SO4}=\dfrac{58,8.100}{189,2}=31,08\)0/0
c) \(n_{Al2\left(SO4\right)3}=\dfrac{0,6.1}{3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{Al2\left(SO4\right)3}=0,2.342=68,4\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddspu}=10,8+189,2-\left(0,6.2\right)=198,8\left(g\right)\)
\(C_{Al2\left(SO4\right)3}=\dfrac{68,4.100}{198,8}=34,41\)0/0
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