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Sửa đề : 200ml thành 200g
a) \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\) (1)
\(3H_2+Fe_2O_3-^{t^o}\rightarrow2Fe+3H_2O\) (2)
b) 1/2 lượng khí B: \(n_{H_2\left(2\right)}=3n_{Fe_2O_3}=3.\dfrac{38,4}{160}=0,72\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(n_{H_2\left(1\right)}=0,72.2=1,44\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2\left(2\right)}=1,44\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(C\%H_2SO_4=\dfrac{1,44.98}{200}.100=70,56\%\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2\left(2\right)}=0,96\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{Al}=0,96.27=25,92\left(g\right)\)
Ta có:
\(V_{Dd_{NaOH}}=\frac{200}{1000}=0,2\left(l\right)\)
\(V_{dd_{HCl}}=\frac{300}{1000}=0,3\left(l\right)\)
\(V_{dd_{Ba\left(OH\right)2}}=\frac{25}{1000}=0,025\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=0,2.1=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Ba\left(OH\right)2}=0,025.0,5=0,0125\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=0,3.1=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)
\(n_{HCl_{pư}}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Vì n NaOH < n HCl
\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl_{dư}}=n_{HCl_{bđ}}-n_{HCl_{pư}}=0,3-0,2=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(Ba\left(OH\right)_2+2HCl\rightarrow BaCl_2+2H_2O\)
Gọi x, y, z là số mol Fe, Mg, Cu
=> \(56x+24y+64z=24,8\) (1)
X+ H2SO4 đặc nóng
2Fe + 6H2SO4 → Fe2(SO4)3 + 3SO2↑ + 6H2O
Mg + 2H2SO4→ MgSO4 + SO2↑ + 2H2O.
Cu + 2H2SO4→ CuSO4 + SO2↑ + 2H2O.
Các muối là \(Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3,MgSO_4,CuSO_4\)
=> \(n_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{n_{Fe}}{2}=\dfrac{x.}{2};n_{MgCl_2}=n_{Mg}=y;n_{CuCl_2}=n_{Cu}=z\)
=> \(\dfrac{400x}{2}+120y+160z=132\) (2)
X + HCl dư thu được khí là H2
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
=> x+y=0,5 (mol) (3)
Từ (1), (2), (3) => x, y ,z
Xem lại đề vì hệ vô nghiệm
Do ở TN2, khi tăng lượng HCl, khối lượng rắn tăng thêm
=> Trong TN1, HCl hết, kim loại dư
- Xét TN1
Theo ĐLBTKL: mA + mHCl = mrắn sau pư + mH2
=> 18,6 + 36,5.0,5a = 34,575 + 2.0,25a
=> a = 0,9
- Xét TN2:
Giả sử HCl hết
Theo ĐLBTKL: 18,6 + 0,9.36,5 = 39,9 + 0,45.2
=> 51,45 = 40,8 (vô lí)
=> HCl dư, kim loại hết
Gọi số mol Zn, Fe là a, b
=> 65a + 56b = 18,6
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl --> ZnCl2 + H2
a--------------->a
Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
b---------------->b
=> 136a + 127b = 39,9
=> a = 0,2 ; b = 0,1
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Zn}=0,2.65=13\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe}=0,1.56=5,6\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) PTHH: \(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O\)
b) Ta có: \(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{8}{40}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{MgCl_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl}=0,4\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{MgCl_2}=0,2\cdot95=19\left(g\right)\\C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,4\cdot36,5}{200}\cdot100\%=7,3\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{dd\left(sau.p/ứ\right)}=m_{MgO}+m_{ddHCl}=208\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{19}{208}\cdot100\%\approx9,13\%\)
c) PTHH: \(MgCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow2NaCl+Mg\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{MgCl_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{200\cdot4\%}{40}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}>\dfrac{0,2}{2}\) \(\Rightarrow\) NaOH p/ứ hết, MgCl2 còn dư
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaCl}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)=n_{MgCl_2\left(dư\right)}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{NaCl}=0,2\cdot58,5=11,7\left(g\right)\\m_{MgCl_2\left(dư\right)}=9,5\left(g\right)\\m_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}=0,1\cdot58=5,8\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{dd\left(sau.p/ứ\right)}=m_{ddA}+m_{ddNaOH}-m_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}=402,2\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{NaCl}=\dfrac{11,7}{402,2}\cdot100\%\approx2,91\%\\C\%_{MgCl_2\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{9,5}{402,2}\cdot100\%\approx2,36\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Theo gt ta có: $n_{MgO}=0,2(mol)$
a, $MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O$
b, Ta có: $n_{HCl}=0,4(mol)\Rightarrow x=7,3$
Bảo toàn khối lượng ta có: $m_{ddA}=208(g)$
$\Rightarrow \%C_{MgCl_2}=9,13\%$
c, Ta có: $n_{NaOH}=0,2(mol)$
$\Rightarrow n_{Mg(OH)_2}=0,1(mol)$
Bảo toàn khối lượng ta có: $m_{ddB}=208+200-0,1.58=402,2(g)$
$\Rightarrow \%C_{MgCl_2}=2,36\%$
\(n_{XCl_3}=\dfrac{a}{M_X+106,5}\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2X + 6HCl --> 2XCl3 + 3H2
=> \(n_X=\dfrac{a}{M_X+106,5}\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{X_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{b}{2.M_X+288}\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2X + 3H2SO4 --> X2(SO4)3 + 3H2
=> \(n_X=\dfrac{b}{M_X+144}\left(mol\right)\)
Câu 7 nCuO=0,0525mol
Fe+2HCl->FeCl2+H2
0,04 0,04mol
H2+CuO-> Cu+H2O
Ta có 0,04/1 <0,0525/1
=> CuO dư
Chất rắn gồm Cu: 0,04mol; CuO:0,0125mol
m(chất rắn)=3,56g
\(n_{Na}=\dfrac{4.6}{23}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(Na+H_2O\rightarrow NaOH+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\)
\(0.2......................0.2.......0.1\)
\(V_{H_2}=0.1\cdot22.4=2.24\left(l\right)\)
Dung dịch X : NaOH
\(m_{dd_X}=4.6+200-0.1\cdot2=204.4\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0.2\cdot40}{204.4}\cdot100\%=3.9\%\%\)
a,
\(Na_2CO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2NaCl+CO_2+H_2O\left(1\right)\)
\(NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\left(2\right)\)
b,
Ta có :
\(n_{NaCl}=\frac{20,475}{58,5}=0,35\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Na2CO3}=\frac{10,6}{106}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{NaCl\left(1\right)}=0,1.2=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{NaCl}=0,35-0,2=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x=CM_{NaOH}=\frac{0,15}{0,3}=0,5M\)
cảm ơn bạn