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\(\left(a^2+b^2-2\right)\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(1-ab\right)^2+4ab=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-2\left(ab+1\right)\right]\left(a+b\right)^2+1+2ab+a^2b^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^4-2\left(a+b\right)^2\left(ab+1\right)+\left(ab+1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-\left(ab+1\right)\right]^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2-\left(ab+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab+1=\left(a+b\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{ab+1}=\left|a+b\right|\) là số hữu tỉ (đpcm)
Sửa đề : \(\dfrac{a^2}{a^2+b}+\dfrac{b^2}{b^2+a}\le1\\ \) (*)
\(< =>\dfrac{a^2\left(b^2+a\right)+b^2\left(a^2+b\right)}{\left(a^2+b\right)\left(b^2+a\right)}\le1\\ < =>a^2b^2+a^3+b^2a^2+b^3\le\left(a^2+b\right)\left(b^2+a\right)\) ( Nhân cả 2 vế cho `(a^{2}+b)(b^{2}+a)>0` )
\(< =>a^3+b^3+2a^2b^2\le a^2b^2+b^3+a^3+ab\\ < =>a^2b^2\le ab\\ < =>ab\le1\) ( Chia 2 vế cho `ab>0` )
Do a,b >0
Nên áp dụng BDT Cô Si :
\(2\ge a+b\ge2\sqrt{ab}< =>\sqrt{ab}\le1\\ < =>ab\le1\)
Do đó (*) luôn đúng
Vậy ta chứng minh đc bài toán
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi : \(a=b>0,a+b=2< =>a=b=1\)
a Sửa đề : Chứng minh \(\dfrac{a^2}{a^2+b}\)+\(\dfrac{b^2}{b^2+a}\)\(\le\) 1 ( Đề thi vào 10 Hà Nội).
Bất đẳng thức trên tương đương :
\(\dfrac{a^2+b-b}{a^2+b}\)+\(\dfrac{b^2+a-a}{b^2+a}\)\(\le\)1
\(\Leftrightarrow\) 1 - \(\dfrac{b}{a^2+b}\)+ 1 - \(\dfrac{a}{b^2+a}\)\(\le\)1
\(\Leftrightarrow\)1 - \(\dfrac{b}{a^2+b}\) - \(\dfrac{a}{b^2+a}\)\(\le\)0
\(\Leftrightarrow\)- \(\dfrac{b}{a^2+b}\)- \(\dfrac{a}{b^2+a}\)\(\le\)-1
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\dfrac{a}{b^2+a}\)+ \(\dfrac{b}{a^2+b}\)\(\ge\)1
Xét VT = \(\dfrac{a^2}{ab^2+a^2}\)+ \(\dfrac{b^2}{a^2b+b^2}\)\(\ge\)\(\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{ab^2+a^2+a^2b+b^2}\) (Cauchy - Schwarz)
= \(\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{ab\left(b+a\right)+a^2+b^2}\)
\(\ge\)\(\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2ab+a^2+b^2}\)
= \(\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(a+b\right)^2}\)= 1
Vậy BĐT được chứng minh
Dấu '=' xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)a = b = 1
Đề bài sai
Đề đúng: \(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}+2\sqrt{b}+3}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{b}+2\sqrt{c}+3}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{c}+2\sqrt{a}+3}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky:
\(\text{VT}^2\leq (a^2+b^2)(1+a+1+b)=a+b+2\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si:
\((a+b)^2\leq 2(a^2+b^2)=2\Rightarrow a+b\leq \sqrt{2}\)
Do đó: $\text{VT}^2\leq 2+\sqrt{2}$
$\Rightarrow \text{VT}\leq \sqrt{2+\sqrt{2}}$ (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}$
\(\dfrac{\sqrt{b^2+a^2+a^2}}{ab}\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{3}\left(b+a+a\right)^2}}{ab}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{2}{b}\right)\)
Tương tự: \(\dfrac{\sqrt{c^2+2b^2}}{bc}\ge\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\left(\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{2}{c}\right)\) ; \(\dfrac{\sqrt{a^2+2c^2}}{ac}\ge\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\left(\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{2}{a}\right)\)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(VT\ge\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\left(\dfrac{3}{a}+\dfrac{3}{b}+\dfrac{3}{c}\right)=\sqrt{3}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)=1980\sqrt{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{3}{1980}\)
Ta có: \(a+b=\sqrt{1-a^2}+\sqrt{1-b^2}\)
<=> \(\sqrt{1-a^2}-b+\sqrt{1-b^2}-a=0\)
<=> \(\frac{1-a^2-b^2}{\sqrt{1-a^2}+b}+\frac{1-b^2-a^2}{\sqrt{1-b^2}+a}=0\) (Do 0 < a,b < 1)
<=> \(\left(1-a^2-b^2\right).\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{1-a^2}+b}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{1-b^2}+a}\right)=0\)
<=> \(1-a^2-b^2=1\) (vì 0 < a,b < 1 => \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{1-a^2}+b}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{1-b^2}+a}>0\))
<=> a2 + b2 = 1