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a)
\(CuO + H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} Cu + H_2O\\ Fe_2O_3 + 3H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2Fe + 3H_2O\\ Fe_3O_4 + 4H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 3Fe + 4H_2O\\ FeO + H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} Fe + H_2O\)
b)
\(n_{H_2} = n_{H_2O} = \dfrac{14,4}{18} = 0,8(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m = m_X + m_{H_2} - m_{H_2O} = 64 + 0,8.2 - 14,4 = 51,2(gam)\)
nhh=5,6\22,4=0,25 mol
vì tác dụng vừa đủ =>nCuO=nhh=0,25 mol
=>mCuO=0,25.80=20g
PT: \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)
\(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
Giả sử: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe_2O_3}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{CuO}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow160x+80y=40\left(1\right)\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{14,56}{22,4}=0,65\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=3n_{Fe_2O_3}+n_{CuO}=3x+y\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ 3x + y = 0,65 (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,15\left(mol\right)\\y=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{0,15.160}{40}.100\%=60\%\\\%m_{CuO}=40\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
a, \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl → 2AlCl3 + 3H2
Mol: x 1,5x
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl → FeCl2 + H2
Mol: y y
b, Ta có hpt: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+56y=11\\1,5x+y=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,2.27.100\%}{11}=49,09\%\Rightarrow\%m_{Fe}=100\%-49,09\%=50,91\%\)
c, \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{16}{80}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{0,4}{1}\) ⇒ CuO hết, H2 dư
PTHH: CuO + H2 → Cu + H2O
Mol: 0,2 0,2
\(m_{Cu}=0,2.64=12,8\left(g\right)\)
Gọi \(m_{Al}=a\left(g\right)\left(0< a< 11\right)\)
\(\rightarrow m_{Fe}=11-a\left(g\right)\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=\dfrac{a}{27}\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11-a}{56}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH:
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(\dfrac{a}{27}\) \(\dfrac{a}{18}\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
\(\dfrac{11-a}{56}\) \(\dfrac{11-a}{56}\)
\(\rightarrow pt:\dfrac{a}{18}+\dfrac{11-a}{56}=0,4\\ \Leftrightarrow m_{Al}=a=5,4\left(g\right)\left(TM\right)\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{11}=49,1\%\\\%m_{Fe}=100\%-49,1\%=50,9\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{16}{80}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
LTL: \(0,2< 0,4\rightarrow\) H2 dư
\(n_{Cu}=n_{CuO}=0,2\left(mol\right)\rightarrow m_{CuO}=0,2.64=12,8\left(g\right)\)
a)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl --> ZnCl2 + H2
0,2--->0,4---->0,2--->0,2
\(V_2=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
\(V_1=\dfrac{0,4}{0,5}=0,8\left(l\right)\)
b)
\(C_{M\left(ZnCl_2\right)}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,8}=0,25M\)
c)
\(n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\); \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{32}{80}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,4}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{1}\) => CuO dư, H2 hết
PTHH: CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
0,1<--0,1------>0,1
=> m = 32 - 0,1.80 + 0,1.64 = 30,4 (g)
nO(mất đi) = \(n_{CO}+n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
=> mrắn(sau pư) = 40 - 0,15.16 = 37,6 (g)
\(n_{hh\left(CO,H_2\right)}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ m_{rắn}=m_{hh.oxit}-0,15.16=40-2,4=37,6\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow m=37,6\left(g\right)\)
Ta có : \(n_C:n_S=2:1->\dfrac{1}{2}n_c=n_S\)
Lại có : \(m_C+m_S=5,6\)
-> \(n_C.12+n_S.32=5,6\)
=> \(n_C.12+\dfrac{1}{2}n_C.32=5,6\)
=> \(n_C=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
-> \(n_S=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,2=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH : \(C+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2\) (1)
\(S+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}SO_2\) (2)
Từ (1) -> \(n_C=n_{O_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
-> \(V_{O_2\left(1\right)}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
Từ (2) -> \(n_S=n_{O_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{O_2\left(2\right)}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
=> \(V=\dfrac{V_{O_2\left(1\right)}+V_{O_2\left(2\right)}}{20\%}=33,6\left(l\right)\)
a) Mg + 2HCl -> MgCl2 + H2
Al + 3HCl -> AlCl3 + 3/2H2
b) Gọi a, b lần lượt là số mol Mg, Al.
nH2 = 5,6/22,4 = 0,25 (mol)
Mg + 2HCl -> MgCl2 + H2
a 2a a a
Al + 3HCl -> AlCl3 + 3/2H2
b 3b b 3/2b
Ta có hệ pt:
mhh = 24a + 27b = 5,1 (g)
nH2 = a + 3/2b = 0,25 (mol)
=> a = 0,1 (mol)
b = 0,1 (mol)
200 ml = 0,2 l
nHCl = 2a + 3b = 0,2 + 0,3 = 0,5 (mol)
=> CM ddHCl = 0,5/0,2 = 2,5 (M)
%mMg = 24a/5,1*100% = 2,4/5,1*100% = 47,06%
%mAl = 100%-47,06% = 52,94%
Fe3O4+4H2-to>3Fe+4H2O
x---------\(\dfrac{3}{4}x\)
CuO+H2-to>Cu+H2O
y--------y mol
Ta có :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=0,5\\\dfrac{3}{4}x.56+64y=23,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>x=0,4 mol, y=0,1 mol
=>% m Fe3O4=\(\dfrac{0,4.232}{0,4.232+0,1.80}.100\)=92,1%
=>%m CuO=100-92,1=7,9%
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5mol\)
\(Fe_3O_4+4H_2\rightarrow3Fe+4H_2O\)
x 4x 3x
\(CuO+H_2\rightarrow Cu+H_2O\)
y y y
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x+y=0,5\\3\cdot56x+64y=23,2\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\%m_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot232}{0,1\cdot232+0,1\cdot80}\cdot100\%=74,36\%\)
\(\%m_{CuO}=100\%-74,36\%=25,64\%\)
\(n_{hh}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
CuO + CO --to--> Cu + CO2
Theo pthh: nCuO = nhh = 0,25 (mol)
=> mCuO = 0,25.80 = 20 (g)