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\(x^2+xz-y^2-yz=\left(x^2-y^2\right)+xz-yz=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)+z\left(x-y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y+z\right)\)
Tương tự: \(y^2+xy-z^2-xz=\left(y-z\right)\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(z^2+yz-x^2-xy=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(z-x\right)\)
Khi đó:
\(P=\frac{1}{\left(y-z\right)\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y+z\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(z-x\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x+y+z\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y+z\right)\left(z-x\right)}\)
\(=\frac{z-x+x-y+y-z}{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(z-x\right)\left(x+y+z\right)}=0\)
a)
\(x^3+y^3+3\left(x^2+y^2\right)+4\left(x+y\right)+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^3+3x^2+3x+1\right)+\left(y^3+3y^2+3y+1\right)+\left(x+y+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^3+\left(y+1\right)^3+\left(x+y+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+2\right)\left[\left(x+1\right)^2-\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)+\left(y+1\right)^2\right]+\left(x+y+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+2\right)\left[\left(x+1\right)^2-\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)+\left(y+1\right)^2+1\right]=0\)
Lại có :\(\left(x+1\right)^2-\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)+\left(y+1\right)^2+1=\left[\left(x+1\right)-\frac{1}{2}\left(y+1\right)\right]^2+\frac{3}{4}\left(y+1\right)^2+1>0\)
Nên \(x+y+2=0\Rightarrow x+y=-2\)
Ta có :
\(M=\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}=\frac{x+y}{xy}=\frac{-2}{xy}\)
Vì \(4xy\le\left(x+y\right)^2\Rightarrow4xy\le\left(-2\right)^2\Rightarrow4xy\le4\Rightarrow xy\le1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{xy}\ge\frac{1}{1}\Rightarrow\frac{-2}{xy}\le-2\)
hay \(M\le-2\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=-1\)
Vậy \(Max_M=-2\)khi \(x=y=-1\)
c) ( Mình nghĩ bài này cho x, y, z ko âm thì mới xảy ra dấu "=" để tìm Min chứ cho x ,y ,z dương thì ko biết nữa ^_^ , mình làm bài này với điều kiện x ,y ,z ko âm nhé )
Ta có :
\(\hept{\begin{cases}2x+y+3z=6\\3x+4y-3z=4\end{cases}\Rightarrow2x+y+3z+3x+4y-3z=6+4}\)
\(\Rightarrow5x+5y=10\Rightarrow x+y=2\)
\(\Rightarrow y=2-x\)
Vì \(y=2-x\)nên \(2x+y+3z=6\Leftrightarrow2x+2-x+3z=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+3z=4\Leftrightarrow3z=4-x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow z=\frac{4-x}{3}\)
Thay \(y=2-x\)và \(z=\frac{4-x}{3}\)vào \(P\)ta có :
\(P=2x+3y-4z=2x+3\left(2-x\right)-4.\frac{4-x}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow P=2x+6-3x-\frac{16}{3}+\frac{4x}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\frac{x}{3}+\frac{2}{3}\ge\frac{2}{3}\)( Vì \(x\ge0\))
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=0\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}y=2\\z=\frac{4}{3}\end{cases}}\)( Thỏa mãn điều kiện y , z ko âm )
Vậy \(Min_P=\frac{2}{3}\)khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=0\\y=2\\z=\frac{4}{3}\end{cases}}\)
Ta có
\(A=\dfrac{4}{x+1}+\dfrac{9}{y+2}+\dfrac{25}{z+3}\)
\(A=\dfrac{2^2}{x+1}+\dfrac{3^2}{y+2}+\dfrac{5^2}{z+3}\)
\(A\ge\dfrac{\left(2+3+5\right)^2}{x+1+y+2+z+3}\) (BĐT Schwarz)
\(A\ge\dfrac{10^2}{10}=10\) (vì \(x+y+z=4\))
ĐTXR \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2}{x+1}=\dfrac{3}{y+2}=\dfrac{5}{z+3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{2}{x+1}=\dfrac{3}{y+2}=\dfrac{5}{z+3}=\dfrac{2+3+5}{z+1+y+2+z+3}=1\). Dẫn đến \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=1\\z=2\end{matrix}\right.\). Vậy, GTNN của A là 10 khi \(\left(x,y,z\right)=\left(1,1,2\right)\)
a, \(A=x^4-2x^3+2x^2-2x+3\)
\(=\left(x^4+2x^2+1\right)-\left(2x^3+2x\right)+2\)
\(=\left(x^2+1\right)^2-2x\left(x^2+1\right)+2\)
\(=\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+2\)
\(=\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x-1\right)^2+2\)
Vì \(\hept{\begin{cases}x^2\ge0\\\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x^2+1\ge1\\\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\end{cases}\Rightarrow}\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x-1\right)^2+2\ge2\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x = 1
Vậy Amin = 2 khi x = 1
b, \(B=4x^2-2\left|2x-1\right|-4x+5=\left(4x^2-4x+1\right)-2\left|2x-1\right|+4=\left(2x-1\right)^2-2\left|2x-1\right|+4\)
đề sai ko
c, \(C=4-x^2+2x=-\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+5=-\left(x-1\right)^2+5\)
Vì \(-\left(x-1\right)^2\le0\Rightarrow C=-\left(x-1\right)^2+5\le5\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=1
Vậy Cmin = 5 khi x = 1
2/
+) \(D=-x^2-y^2+x+y+3=-\left(x^2-x+\frac{1}{4}\right)-\left(y^2-y+\frac{1}{4}\right)+\frac{7}{2}=-\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-\left(y-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{7}{2}\)
Vì \(\hept{\begin{cases}-\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\le0\\-\left(y-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\le0\end{cases}\Rightarrow-\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-\left(y-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\le0}\Rightarrow D=-\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-\left(y-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{7}{2}\le\frac{7}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=y=1/2
Vậy Dmax=7/2 khi x=y=1/2
+) Đề sai
+)bài này là tìm min
\(G=x^2-3x+5=\left(x^2-3x+\frac{9}{4}\right)+\frac{11}{4}=\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2+\frac{11}{4}\ge\frac{11}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=3/2
Vậy Gmin=11/4 khi x=3//2
\(D=\left(x^2+z^2-2xz\right)+\left(x^2+y^2-2xy+2x-2y+1\right)+3\)
\(D=\left(x-z\right)^2+\left(x-y+1\right)^2+3\ge3\)
\(D_{min}=3\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=z\\x=y-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
1. Đặt A = x2+y2+z2
B = xy+yz+xz
C = 1/x + 1/y + 1/z
Lại có (x+y+z)2=9
A + 2B = 9
Dễ chứng minh A>=B
Ta thấy 3A>=A+2B=9 nên A>=3 (khi và chỉ khi x=y=z=1)
Vì x+y+z=3 => (x+y+z) /3 =1
C = (x+y+z) /3x + (x+y+x) /3y + (x+y+z)/3z
C = 1/3[3+(x/y+y/x) +(y/z+z/y) +(x/z+z/x)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức (a/b+b/a) >=2
=> C >=3 ( khi và chỉ khi x=y=z=1)
P =2A+C >= 2.3+3=9 ( khi và chỉ khi x=y=x=1
Vậy ...........
Câu 2 chưa ra thông cảm
\(B=1+5y-y^2=-\left(y^2-5y-1\right)\)
\(=-\left(y^2-2.\frac{5}{2}x+\frac{25}{4}-\frac{29}{4}\right)\)
\(=-\left[\left(y-\frac{5}{2}\right)^2-\frac{29}{4}\right]\)
\(=-\left(y-\frac{5}{2}\right)^2+\frac{29}{4}\le\frac{29}{4}\)
\(C=4x-x^2+1=-\left(x^2-4x-1\right)\)
\(=-\left(x^2-4x+4-5\right)\)
\(=-\left[\left(x-2\right)^2-5\right]\)
\(=-\left(x-2\right)^2+5\le5\)
Ta có: \(D\left(x\right)=2x^2+3y^2+4z^2-2\left(x+y+z\right)+2\)
\(=2x^2+3y^2+4z^2-2x-2y-2z+2\)
\(=\left(2x^2-2x\right)+\left(3y^2-2y\right)+\left(4z^2-2z\right)+2\)
\(=2\left(x^2-x\right)+3\left(y^2-\dfrac{2}{3}y\right)+4\left(z^2-\dfrac{1}{2}z\right)+2\)
\(=2\left[x^2-2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2-\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\right]+3\left[y^2-2\cdot y\cdot\dfrac{1}{3}+\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^2-\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^2\right]+4\left[z^2-2\cdot z\cdot\dfrac{1}{4}+\left(\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2-\left(\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2\right]+2\)\(=2\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{1}{2}+3\left(y-\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^2-\dfrac{1}{3}+4\left(z-\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2-\dfrac{1}{4}+2\)
\(=2\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+3\left(y-\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^2+4\left(z-\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2+\dfrac{11}{12}\)
Mà: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall x\\3\left(y-\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^2\ge0\forall y\\4\left(y-\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2\ge0\forall z\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow D\left(x\right)=2\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+3\left(y-\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^2+4\left(z-\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2+\dfrac{11}{12}\ge\dfrac{11}{12}\forall x,y,z\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-\dfrac{1}{2}=0\\y-\dfrac{1}{3}=0\\z-\dfrac{1}{4}=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{2}\\y=\dfrac{1}{3}\\z=\dfrac{1}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: ...
D(x)=2(x2−x)+(3y2−2y)+(4z2−2z)+2
=2(�2−�+14)+3(�2−23�+19)+[(2�)2−2�+14]+2−12−13−14=2(x2−x+41)+3(y2−32y+91)+[(2z)2−2z+41]+2−21−31−41
=2(�−12)2+3(�−13)2+(2�−12)2+112≥112=2(x−21)2+3(y−31)2+(2z−21)2+211≥211
Vậy giá trị nhỏ nhất của �D là: 112211 tại (�,�,�)=(12;13;14)(x,y,z)=(21;31;41).