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\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{17.92}{22.4}=0.8\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{69.6}{232}=0.3\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe_3O_4+4H_2\underrightarrow{t^0}3Fe+4H_2O\)
\(0.2..............0.8\)
\(m_{Fe_3O_4\left(dư\right)}=\left(0.3-0.2\right)\cdot232=23.2\left(g\right)\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
\(0.8......................................0.8\)
\(m_{Zn}=0.8\cdot65=52\left(g\right)\)
\(a) n_P = \dfrac{18,6}{31} = 0,6(mol)\\ n_{O_2} = \dfrac{20,16}{22,4} = 0,9(mol)\\ 4P + 5O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2P_2O_5\\ \dfrac{n_P}{4} = 0,15 < \dfrac{n_{O_2}}{5} = 0,18 \to O_2\ dư\\ n_{O_2\ pư} = \dfrac{5}{4}n_P = 0,75(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{O_2\ dư} = (0,9-0,75).32 = 4,8(gam)\\ b) n_{Fe} = \dfrac{56}{56} = 1(mol)\)
\(3Fe + 2O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} Fe_3O_4\\ \dfrac{n_{Fe}}{3} = \dfrac{1}{3}<\dfrac{n_{O_2}}{2} = 0,45\to Fe\ cháy\ hết.\\ c)\ 2KMnO_4 \xrightarrow{t^o} K_2MnO_4 + MnO_2 + O_2\\ n_{KMnO_4} = 2n_{O_2} = 0,9.2 = 1,8(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{KMnO_4} = 1,8.158 =284,4(gam)\)
a)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{22,4}{56}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{18,25}{36,5}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,4}{1}>\dfrac{0,5}{2}\) => Fe dư, HCl hết
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
0,5----------->0,25
=> VH2 = 0,25.22,4 = 5,6 (l)
b)\(n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{13,92}{232}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe3O4 + 4H2 --to--> 3Fe + 4H2O
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,06}{1}< \dfrac{0,25}{4}\) => Fe3O4 hết, H2 dư
PTHH: Fe3O4 + 4H2 --to--> 3Fe + 4H2O
0,06-->0,24------->0,18-->0,24
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe}=0,18.56=10,08\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2O}=0,24.18=4,32\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,25-0,24\right).2=0,02\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(a) n_{Fe_3O_4} = a(mol) ; n_{CuO} = b(mol)\\ \Rightarrow 232a + 80b = 117,6(1)\\ Fe_3O_4 + 4H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 3Fe + 4H_2O\\ CuO + H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} Cu + H_2O\\ n_{H_2} = 4a + b = \dfrac{40,32}{22,4}=1,8(2)\\ (1)(2)\Rightarrow a = 0,3 ;b = 0,6\\ \%m_{Fe_3O_4} = \dfrac{0,3.232}{117,6}.100\% =59,18\%\\ \%m_{CuO} = 100\%-59,18\% = 40,82\%\)
\(b)\\ n_{Fe} = 3a = 0,9(mol)\\ n_{Cu} = b = 0,6(mol)\\ \%m_{Fe} = \dfrac{0,9.56}{0,9.56+0,6.64}.100\% = 56,76\%\\ \%m_{Cu} = 100\% - 56,76\% = 43,24\%\)
PTHH: \(3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe_3O_4\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{O_2}=\dfrac{12,8}{32}=0,4\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{3}< \dfrac{0,4}{2}\) \(\Rightarrow\) Oxi còn dư, Fe p/ứ hết
\(\Rightarrow n_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=0,4-\dfrac{2}{15}=\dfrac{4}{15}\left(mol\right)\)
+) Theo PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{O_2}=\dfrac{2}{15}\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{1}{15}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{kk}=\dfrac{2}{15}\cdot22,4\cdot5\approx14,93\left(l\right)\\m_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{1}{15}\cdot232\approx15,47\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) nKMnO4= 63,2/158=0,4(mol)
nFe=0,5(mol)
PTHH: KMnO4 -to-> K2MnO4 + MnO2 + 1/2 O2
0,4________________________________0,2(mol)
=>V(O2,đktc)=0,2.22,4=4,48(l)
PTHH: Fe + 2 HCl -> FeCl2 + H2
0,5_____________________0,5(mol)
=> V(H2,đktc)=0,5.22,4=11,2(l)
b) H2 + 1/2 O2 -to-> H2O
0,5/2 > 0,2/1
=> H2 dư, O2 hết, tính theo nO2
=> nH2(dư)=0,5 - 0,2.2=0,1(mol)
=>mH2(dư)=0,1.2=0,2(g)
c) nFe3O4=166/232= 83/116(mol)
PTHH: Fe3O4 + 4 H2 -to-> 3 Fe + 4 H2O
nFe3O4(p.ứ)=0,5/4=0,125(mol)
=> mFe3O4=0,125.232=29(g)
nFe=3/4. 0,5=0,375(mol)
=>mFe=0,375.56=21(g)