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\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=0\Rightarrow ab+bc+ca=0\Rightarrow\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)=c^2\)
Vì \(a,b>0\)mà \(\frac{1}{c}=-\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)< 0\)nên \(c< 0\Rightarrow\sqrt{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}=-c\)
\(\Rightarrow2c+2\sqrt{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}=0\Rightarrow\left(a+c\right)+2\sqrt{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\left(b+c\right)=a+b\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{a+c}+\sqrt{b+c}\right)^2=a+b\)---> 2 vế đều dương nên ta lấy căn 2 vế:
\(\sqrt{a+c}+\sqrt{b+c}=\sqrt{a+b}\)
2a²/(a-b) + b²/(b-c) = (2a²-2b²)/(a-b) + (b²-c²)/(b-c) + 2b²/(a-b) + c²/(b-c)
= 2(a+b) + (b+c) + 2b²/(a-b) + c²/(b-c)
>2a +3b +c (vì a,b,c > 0)
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Ta có: \(\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}\right)^2=a+2\sqrt{ac}+c=2b+2\sqrt{ac}\)(1)
Lại có: \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}}=\frac{2\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}}{b+\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}}\)
\(=\frac{\left(2\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}\right)}{\left(b+\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}\right)}\)(Nhân cả tử & mẫu với \(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}\))
\(=\frac{2\sqrt{ab}+2\sqrt{bc}+\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}\right)^2}{\left(b+\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}\right)}\)(2)
Thế (1) và (2) => \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}}\)\(=\frac{2\sqrt{ab}+2\sqrt{bc}+2b+\sqrt{ca}}{\left(b+\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}\right)}=\frac{2\left(b+\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}\right)}{\left(b+\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}}.\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}}=\frac{2}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}}\)(đpcm).
Bất đẳng thức
<=> \(\frac{a\left(a+b+c\right)}{\left(b+c\right)^2}+\frac{b\left(a+b+c\right)}{\left(c+a\right)^2}+\frac{c\left(a+b+c\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^2}\ge\frac{9}{4}\)
VT = \(\left(\frac{a^2}{\left(b+c\right)^2}+\frac{b^2}{\left(a+c\right)^2}+\frac{c^2}{\left(a+b\right)^2}\right)+\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{a+c}+\frac{c}{a+b}\)
\(\ge\frac{1}{3}.\left(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{a+c}+\frac{c}{a+b}\right)^2+\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{a+c}+\frac{c}{a+b}\)
lại có:
\(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{a+c}+\frac{c}{a+b}=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{a+c}+\frac{1}{a+b}\right)-3\)
\(\ge\left(a+b+c\right).\frac{9}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}-3=\frac{3}{2}\)
=> VT\(\ge\frac{1}{3}.\left(\frac{3}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{2}=\frac{9}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a = b = c.
Hoặc em có thể áp dụng Bunhia
bất đẳng thức
<=> \(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{a}{\left(b+c\right)^2}+\frac{b}{\left(c+a\right)^2}+\frac{c}{\left(a+b\right)^2}\right)\ge\frac{9}{4}\)
VT\(\ge\left(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{c}{a+b}+\frac{b}{a+c}\right)^2\ge\left(\frac{3}{2}\right)^2=\frac{9}{4}\)
a) Vì \(\frac{a}{b}>1\Rightarrow a>b\Rightarrow a-b>0\)
Xét hiệu : \(\frac{a}{b}-\frac{a+c}{b+c}=\frac{a\left(b+c\right)-b\left(a+c\right)}{b\left(b+c\right)}=\frac{ab+ac-ba-bc}{b\left(b+c\right)}=\frac{ac-bc}{b\left(b+c\right)}=\frac{c\left(a-b\right)}{b\left(b+c\right)}\)
Mà a-b>0 (cmt) suy ra :\(\frac{a}{b}-\frac{a+c}{b+c}>0\Leftrightarrow\frac{a}{b}>\frac{a+c}{b+c}\left(đpcm\right)\)
b) Chứng minh tương tự
2/Cho b,d>0
Chứng minh \(\frac{a}{b}< \frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+c}{b+d}< \frac{c}{d}\)