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\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
\(n_{Zn}=\frac{a}{65}\left(mol\right)=n_{H2}\)
\(\Rightarrow V_1=\frac{a}{65}.22,4=\frac{112a}{325}\)
\(n_{Mg}=\frac{a}{24}=n_{H2}\Rightarrow V_2=\frac{a}{24}.22,4=\frac{14a}{15}\)
Vì \(\frac{14V}{15}>\frac{112a}{325}\Rightarrow V_2>V_1\)
TN1: \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
Ta có: \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{m_1}{56}\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=\dfrac{m_1}{56}\left(mol\right)\)
TN2: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
Ta có: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{m_2}{27}\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=\dfrac{m_2}{18}\left(mol\right)\)
Mà: \(V_2=1,5V_1\Rightarrow\dfrac{V_1}{V_2}=\dfrac{1}{1,5}=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{n_1}{n_2}=\dfrac{n_{H_2\left(Fe\right)}}{n_{H_2\left(Al\right)}}=\dfrac{2}{3}\) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{\dfrac{m_1}{56}}{\dfrac{m_2}{18}}=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{m_1}{m_2}=\dfrac{56}{27}\)
a)
\(n_{Na}=\dfrac{m}{23}\left(mol\right)\); \(n_K=\dfrac{m}{39}\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Na + 2H2O --> 2NaOH + H2 (1)
2K + 2H2O --> 2KOH + H2 (2)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2\left(1\right)}=\dfrac{m}{46}\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2\left(2\right)}=\dfrac{m}{78}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(n_{H_2\left(1\right)}>n_{H_2\left(2\right)}\)
=> Ống nghiệm cho natri sinh ra lượng H2 nhiều hơn
b)
\(n_{Na}=\dfrac{a}{23}\left(mol\right)\) => \(n_{H_2\left(1\right)}=\dfrac{a}{46}\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_K=\dfrac{b}{39}\left(mol\right)\) => \(n_{H_2\left(2\right)}=\dfrac{b}{78}\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(\dfrac{a}{46}=\dfrac{b}{78}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{23}{39}\)
a.
\(2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\)
\(\dfrac{m}{23}\) \(\dfrac{2m}{23}\) ( mol )
\(2K+2H_2O\rightarrow2KOH+H_2\)
\(\dfrac{m}{39}\) \(\dfrac{2m}{39}\) ( mol )
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{2m}{23}>\dfrac{2m}{39}\)
=> Natri cho nhiều H2 hơn
a, \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=1,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=1,2.36,5=43,8\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,6\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,6.56=33,6\left(g\right)\)
c, \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{16}{80}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{0,6}{1}\), ta được CuO pư hết.
a, nH2 = V/22,4 = 13,44/22,4 =0.6 (mol)
Fe + 2HCl \(\rightarrow \) FeCl2 + H2
TLM : 1 2 1 1
Đề cho: 0,6<--1,2<----------- 0,6 (mol)
mHCl = n . M = 1,2 . 36,5 = 43,8 (g)
mFe= n . M = 0,6 . 56 =33,6 (g)
c, nCuO = \(\dfrac{16}{80}\)= 0,2 (mol)
CuO + H2 \(\rightarrow \) Cu + H2O
TLM: 1 1 1 1
Vì \(\dfrac{nH_2}{1}\)= 0,6 < \(\dfrac{n_{CuO}}{1}\)= 0.2
=> CuO phản ứng hết.
\(a.Mg+HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\ b.n_{Mg}=\dfrac{2,4}{24}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ n_{MgCl_2}=n_{Mg}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{MgCl_2}=0,1.95=9,5\left(g\right)\\ c.n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
\(a.Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ b.n_{Zn}=\dfrac{65}{65}=1\left(mol\right)\\ n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}=1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{ZnCl_2}=1.136=136\left(g\right)\\ c.n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2}=1.22,4=22,4\left(l\right)\)
a)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl --> ZnCl2 + H2
0,2--->0,4---->0,2--->0,2
\(V_2=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
\(V_1=\dfrac{0,4}{0,5}=0,8\left(l\right)\)
b)
\(C_{M\left(ZnCl_2\right)}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,8}=0,25M\)
c)
\(n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\); \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{32}{80}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,4}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{1}\) => CuO dư, H2 hết
PTHH: CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
0,1<--0,1------>0,1
=> m = 32 - 0,1.80 + 0,1.64 = 30,4 (g)
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