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Áp dụng Bunyakovsky, ta có :
\(\left(1+1\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge\left(x.1+y.1\right)^2=1\)
=> \(\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge\frac{1}{2}\)
=> \(Min_C=\frac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)
Mấy cái kia tương tự
b) Ta có: \(B=x^2+2x+y^2-4y+6\)
\(=x^2+2x+1+y^2-4y+4+1\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2+1\ge1\forall x,y\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: \(B_{min}=1\) khi (x,y)=(-1;2)
c) Ta có: \(C=4x^2+4x+9y^2-6y-5\)
\(=4x^2+4x+1+9y^2-6y+1-7\)
\(=\left(2x+1\right)^2+\left(3y-1\right)^2-7\ge-7\forall x,y\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\\y=\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: \(C_{min}=-7\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\\y=\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(A=2x^2+x=2\left(x^2+\dfrac{1}{2}x\right)=2\left(x^2+2.\dfrac{1}{4}x+\dfrac{1}{16}-\dfrac{1}{16}\right)\)
\(=2\left[\left(x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2-\dfrac{1}{16}\right]\ge-\dfrac{1}{8}\) dấu"=' xảy ra<=>x=\(-\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(B=x^2+2x+y^2-4y+6\)
\(=x^2+2x+1+y^2-4y+4+1=\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2+1\)
\(\ge1\) dấu"=" xảy ra<=>x=-1;y=2
\(C=4x^2+4x+9y^2-6y-5\)
\(=4x^2+4x+1+9y^2-6y+1-7\)
\(=\left(2x+1\right)^2+\left(3y-1\right)^2-7\ge-7\)
dấu"=" xảy ra<=>x=\(-\dfrac{1}{2},y=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(D=\left(2+x\right)\left(x+4\right)-\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)^2\)
=\(x^2+6x+8-\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x+3\right)^2-1-\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x+3\right)^2\left(2-x\right)-1\ge-1\)
dấu"=" xảy ra\(< =>\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
a.
$A=x^2-8x+5=(x^2-8x+16)-11=(x-4)^2-11$
Do $(x-4)^2\geq 0, \forall x\in\mathbb{R}$
$\Rightarrow A=(x-4)^2-11\geq 0-11=-11$
Vậy $A_{\min}=-11$. Giá trị này đạt tại $x-4=0\Leftrightarrow x=4$
b.
$B=2x^2+6x-4=2(x^2+3x+1,5^2)-\frac{17}{2}=2(x+1,5)^2-\frac{17}{2}$
$\geq 2.0-\frac{17}{2}=-\frac{17}{2}$
Vậy $B_{\min}=\frac{-17}{2}$ tại $x=-1,5$
c. Biểu thức này không có min, chỉ có max
d.
$D=x^2-x+1=(x^2-2.\frac{1}{2}.x+\frac{1}{2^2})+\frac{3}{4}$
$=(x-\frac{1}{2})^2+\frac{3}{4}\geq 0+\frac{3}{4}$
Vậy $D_{\min}=\frac{3}{4}$. Giá trị này đạt tại $x-\frac{1}{2}=0\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{1}{2}$
a) \(2x^2-x+1=2\left(x-\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2+\dfrac{7}{8}\ge\dfrac{7}{8}\)
\(ĐTXR\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
b) \(5x-x^2+4=-\left(x-\dfrac{5}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{41}{4}\le\dfrac{41}{4}\)
\(ĐTXR\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{5}{2}\)
c) \(x^2+5y^2-2xy+4y+3=\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(2y+1\right)^2+2\ge2\)
\(ĐTXR\Leftrightarrow\)\(x=y=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
b: ta có: \(-x^2+5x+4\)
\(=-\left(x^2-5x-4\right)\)
\(=-\left(x^2-2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{5}{2}+\dfrac{25}{4}-\dfrac{41}{4}\right)\)
\(=-\left(x-\dfrac{5}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{41}{4}\le\dfrac{41}{4}\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x=\dfrac{5}{2}\)
Ta có:
\(M=x^2-2x\left(y+1\right)+3y^2+2025\)
\(M=x^2-2\cdot x\cdot\left(y+1\right)+\left(y+1\right)^2+3y^2+2025-\left(y+1\right)^2\)
\(M=\left[x-\left(y+1\right)\right]^2+3y^2+2025-y^2-2y-1\)
\(M=\left(x-y-1\right)^2+2y^2-2y+2024\)
\(M=\left(x-y-1\right)^2+2\left(y-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{4047}{2}\)
Mà: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-y-1\right)^2\ge0\\2\left(y-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow M=\left(x-y-1\right)^2+2\left(y-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{4047}{2}\ge\dfrac{4047}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y-1=0\\y-\dfrac{1}{2}=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{2}+1\\y=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{3}{2}\\y=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy GTNN của M là ....
1:
a: =x^2-7x+49/4-5/4
=(x-7/2)^2-5/4>=-5/4
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=7/2
b: =x^2+x+1/4-13/4
=(x+1/2)^2-13/4>=-13/4
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=-1/2
e: =x^2-x+1/4+3/4=(x-1/2)^2+3/4>=3/4
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=1/2
f: x^2-4x+7
=x^2-4x+4+3
=(x-2)^2+3>=3
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=2
2:
a: A=2x^2+4x+9
=2x^2+4x+2+7
=2(x^2+2x+1)+7
=2(x+1)^2+7>=7
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=-1
b: x^2+2x+4
=x^2+2x+1+3
=(x+1)^2+3>=3
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=-1
4. x + y = 1
⇒ x = y - 1
Thế : x = y - 1 vào bài toán , ta có :
G = 2( y - 1)2 + y2
G = 2y2 - 4y + 2 + y2
G = 3y2 - 4y + 2
G = 3( y2 - 2.\(\dfrac{2}{3}\) + \(\dfrac{4}{9}\)) + 2 - \(\dfrac{4}{3}\)
G = 3( y - \(\dfrac{2}{3}\))2 + \(\dfrac{2}{3}\) ≥ \(\dfrac{2}{3}\) ∀x
⇒ GMIN = \(\dfrac{2}{3}\) ⇔ y = \(\dfrac{2}{3}\) ; x = 1 - \(\dfrac{2}{3}\) = \(\dfrac{1}{3}\)
Còn lại làm TT nhen...
Ta có: x +y = 1
=> x = 1 - y
Thay vào ta được:
\(G=2\left(1-y\right)^2+y^2=2\left(1-2y+y^2\right)+y^2=2-4y+2y^2+y^2=2-4y+3y^2\)
\(=3y^2-4y+2=3\left(y^2-\dfrac{4}{3}y+\dfrac{2}{3}\right)=3\left(y^2-2.y.\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{4}{9}+\dfrac{2}{9}\right)=3\left(y-\dfrac{2}{3}\right)^2+\dfrac{2}{3}\ge\dfrac{2}{3}\)
=> MinA = \(\dfrac{2}{3}\) khi y = \(\dfrac{2}{3}\) và \(x=\dfrac{1}{3}\)