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1) Áp dụng bunhiacopxki ta được \(\sqrt{\left(2a^2+b^2\right)\left(2a^2+c^2\right)}\ge\sqrt{\left(2a^2+bc\right)^2}=2a^2+bc\), tương tự với các mẫu ta được vế trái \(\le\frac{a^2}{2a^2+bc}+\frac{b^2}{2b^2+ac}+\frac{c^2}{2c^2+ab}\le1< =>\)\(1-\frac{bc}{2a^2+bc}+1-\frac{ac}{2b^2+ac}+1-\frac{ab}{2c^2+ab}\le2< =>\)
\(\frac{bc}{2a^2+bc}+\frac{ac}{2b^2+ac}+\frac{ab}{2c^2+ab}\ge1\)<=> \(\frac{b^2c^2}{2a^2bc+b^2c^2}+\frac{a^2c^2}{2b^2ac+a^2c^2}+\frac{a^2b^2}{2c^2ab+a^2b^2}\ge1\) (1)
áp dụng (x2 +y2 +z2)(m2+n2+p2) \(\ge\left(xm+yn+zp\right)^2\)
(2a2bc +b2c2 + 2b2ac+a2c2 + 2c2ab+a2b2). VT\(\ge\left(bc+ca+ab\right)^2\) <=> (ab+bc+ca)2. VT \(\ge\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2< =>VT\ge1\) ( vậy (1) đúng)
dấu '=' khi a=b=c
1) Trước hết ta đi chứng minh BĐT : \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\) với \(a,b>0\) (1)
Thật vậy : BĐT (1) \(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b}{ab}-\frac{4}{a+b}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2-4ab}{ab\left(a+b\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{ab\left(a+b\right)}\ge0\) ( luôn đúng )
Vì vậy BĐT (1) đúng.
Áp dụng vào bài toán ta có:
\(\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{4}{a+b}+\frac{4}{b+c}+\frac{4}{a+c}\right)\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{4}\cdot\left[2.\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\right]=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
Vậy ta có điều phải chứng minh !
Bài 1 :
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức \(\frac{1}{a+b}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\) với a , b > 0
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{a+b}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\\\frac{1}{b+c}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\\\frac{1}{a+c}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\end{cases}}\)
Cộng theo từng vế
\(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{a+c}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{2}{a}+\frac{2}{b}+\frac{2}{c}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)( đpcm)
BĐT tương đương : \(\frac{a\left(a+c+b-3b\right)}{1+ab}+\frac{b\left(b+a+c-3c\right)}{a+bc}+\frac{c\left(c+b+a-3a\right)}{1+ca}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{3a\left(1-b\right)}{1+ab}+\frac{3b\left(1-c\right)}{1+bc}+\frac{3c\left(1-a\right)}{1+ca}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a\left(1-b\right)}{1+ab}+\frac{b\left(1-c\right)}{1+bc}+\frac{c\left(1-a\right)}{1+ca}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a\left(1-b\right)}{1+ab}+1+\frac{b\left(1-c\right)}{1+bc}+1+\frac{c\left(1-a\right)}{1+ca}\ge3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+1}{1+ab}+\frac{b+1}{1+bc}+\frac{c+1}{1+ca}\ge3\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cosi ta có: \(\frac{a+1}{1+ab}+\frac{b+1}{1+bc}+\frac{c+1}{1+ca}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{a+1}{1+ab}\cdot\frac{b+1}{1+bc}\cdot\frac{c+1}{1+ca}}\)
Ta phải chứng minh: \(\sqrt[3]{\frac{a+1}{1+ab}\cdot\frac{b+1}{1+bc}\cdot\frac{c+1}{1+ca}}\ge1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\ge\left(1+ab\right)\left(1+bc\right)\left(1+ca\right)\)
Thật vậy \(\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\ge\left(1+ab\right)\left(1+bc\right)\left(1+ca\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow abc+ab+bc+ca+a+b+c+1\ge a^2b^2c^2+abc\left(a+b+c\right)+ab+bc+ca+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\ge a^2b^2c^2+2abc\) (*)
Từ a+b+c=3 => \(3\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}\Leftrightarrow abc\le1\)
=> (*) đúng
Vậy \(\frac{a\left(a+c-2b\right)}{1+ab}+\frac{b\left(b+a-2c\right)}{1+bc}+\frac{c\left(c+b-2a\right)}{1+ca}\ge0\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> a=b=c=1
đay nha
\(\frac{4a^2+\left(b-c\right)^2}{2a^2+b^2+c^2}+\frac{4b^2+\left(c-a\right)^2}{2b^2+c^2+a^2}+\frac{4c^2+\left(a-b\right)^2}{2c^2+a^2+b^2}\ge3\)
\(\Rightarrow2-\frac{4a^2+\left(b-c\right)^2}{2a^2+b^2+c^2}+2-\frac{4b^2+\left(c-a\right)^2}{2b^2+c^2+a^2}+2-\frac{4c^2+\left(a-b\right)^2}{2c^2+a^2+b^2}\le3\)
Cần chứng minh BĐT ở dòng thứ 2 đúng
\(\Rightarrow\frac{\left(b+c\right)^2}{2a^2+b^2+c^2}+\frac{\left(c+a\right)^2}{2b^2+c^2+a^2}+\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2c^2+a^2+b^2}\le3\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel ta có:
\(\frac{\left(b+c\right)^2}{2a^2+b^2+c^2}=\frac{\left(b+c\right)^2}{\left(a^2+b^2\right)+\left(a^2+c^2\right)}\le\frac{b^2}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{c^2}{a^2+c^2}\)
Tương tự cho 2 BĐT còn lại r` cộng theo vế:
\(\RightarrowΣ\frac{\left(b+c\right)^2}{2a^2+b^2+c^2}\leΣ\frac{b^2}{a^2+b^2}+Σ\frac{c^2}{a^2+c^2}=3\)
1)
Ta có: \(M=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{\sqrt{3}\left(a+b+4c\right)}{\sqrt{3\left(a+b\right)\left(a+b+4c\right)}}\ge\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{\sqrt{3}\left(a+b+4c\right)}{\frac{3\left(a+b\right)+\left(a+b+4c\right)}{2}}=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{\sqrt{3}\left(a+b+4c\right)}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}=3\sqrt{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=b=c
2)
\(\Sigma_{cyc}\sqrt[3]{\left(\frac{2a}{ab+1}\right)^2}=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{2a}{\sqrt[3]{2a\left(ab+1\right)^2}}\ge\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{2a}{\frac{2a+\left(ab+1\right)+\left(ab+1\right)}{3}}=3\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{a}{ab+a+1}\)
Ta có bổ đề: \(\frac{a}{ab+a+1}+\frac{b}{bc+b+1}+\frac{c}{ca+c+1}=1\left(abc=1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\sqrt[3]{\left(\frac{2a}{ab+1}\right)^2}\ge3\)
Em mới lớp 7 nên chỉ biết giải bài 2 thôi
\(\frac{a+b-c}{c}=\frac{a+c-b}{b}=\frac{c+b-a}{a}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b-c}{c}+2=\frac{a+c-b}{b}+2=\frac{c+b-a}{a}+2\)
\(=\frac{a+b}{c}-1+2=\frac{a+c}{b}-1+2=\frac{c+b}{a}-1+2\)
\(=\frac{a+b}{c}+1=\frac{a+c}{b}+1=\frac{c+b}{a}+1\)
\(=\frac{a+b+c}{c}=\frac{a+b+c}{b}=\frac{a+b+c}{a}\)
\(\Rightarrow a=b=c\) Thao vào P ta được :
\(P=\frac{\left(a+a\right)\left(a+a\right)\left(a+a\right)}{a^3}=\frac{2a.2a.2a}{a^3}=\frac{8a^3}{a^3}=8\)
1
xét hiệu \(x^5+y^5-x^4y-xy^4=x^4\left(x-y\right)-y^4\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x^4-y^4\right)\left(x-y\right)=\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)^2\)
tự lập luộn nha \(\Rightarrow x^5+y^5-x^4y-xy^4\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow x^5+y^5\ge x^4y+xy^4\)
2) a) Không mất tính tổng quát, ta giả sử \(a\ge b\ge c>0\).Suy ra \(a+b\ge a+c\ge b+c\)
Ta có : \(\frac{b}{c+a}< \frac{b}{b+c}\); \(\frac{c}{a+b}< \frac{c}{b+c}\); \(\frac{a}{b+c}< 1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}+\frac{a}{b+c}< \frac{b+c}{b+c}+1=2\)
b) Đặt \(x=b+c-a\); \(y=c+a-b\); \(z=a+b-c\);
Khi đó : \(2a=y+z\Rightarrow a=\frac{y+z}{2}\). \(b=\frac{x+z}{2}\); \(c=\frac{x+y}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{\frac{y+z}{2}}{x}+\frac{\frac{x+z}{2}}{y}+\frac{\frac{x+y}{2}}{z}=\frac{1}{2}\left[\left(\frac{y}{x}+\frac{x}{y}\right)+\left(\frac{y}{z}+\frac{z}{y}\right)+\left(\frac{x}{z}+\frac{z}{x}\right)\right]\)
Mặt khác ta có : \(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}\ge2\); \(\frac{y}{z}+\frac{z}{y}\ge2\); \(\frac{x}{z}+\frac{z}{x}\ge2\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{\frac{y+z}{2}}{x}+\frac{\frac{x+z}{2}}{y}+\frac{\frac{x+y}{2}}{z}\ge\frac{1}{2}\left(2+2+2\right)\)
hay \(\frac{a}{b+c-a}+\frac{b}{a+c-b}+\frac{c}{a+b-c}\ge3\)(đpcm)