Giải pt: \(\sqrt{\left(5-2\sqrt{6}\right)^x}+\sqrt{\left(5+2\sqrt{6}\right)^x}=10\)
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Nhận xét : \(\sqrt{\left(5-2\sqrt{6}\right)^x}.\sqrt{\left(5+2\sqrt{6}\right)^x}=1\)
Ta đặt \(\sqrt{\left(5-2\sqrt{6}\right)^x}=a\Rightarrow\sqrt{\left(5+2\sqrt{6}\right)^x}=\frac{1}{a}\)
Khi đó phương trình ban đầu trở thành :
\(a+\frac{1}{a}=10\Rightarrow a^2-10a+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}a=5+2\sqrt{6}\\a=5-2\sqrt{6}\end{cases}}\)
+) Với \(a=5+2\sqrt{6}\Rightarrow\sqrt{\left(5-2\sqrt{6}\right)^x}=5+2\sqrt{6}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(5-2\sqrt{6}\right)^x=\left(5+2\sqrt{6}\right)^2=\left(\frac{1}{5-2\sqrt{6}}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-2\)
+) Với \(a=5-2\sqrt{6}\Rightarrow\sqrt{\left(5-2\sqrt{6}\right)^x}=5-2\sqrt{6}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(5-2\sqrt{6}\right)^x=\left(5-2\sqrt{6}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
Vậy \(x\in\left\{-2,2\right\}\) thỏa mãn đề.
\(\left(5-2\sqrt{6}\right)^{\frac{x}{2}}+\left(5+2\sqrt{6}\right)^{\frac{x}{2}}=10\)
\(pt\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}\right)^{2x}}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}\right)^{2x}}=10\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}\right)^x+\left(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}\right)^x=10\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{\left(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}\right)^x}+\left(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}\right)^x=10\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{t}+t=10\left(t=\left(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}\right)^x\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow t^2-10t+1=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow t=5\pm2\sqrt{6}\)
\(\Rightarrow5\pm2\sqrt{6}=\left(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}\right)^x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}\right)^{\pm2}=\left(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}\right)^x\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\pm2\). Vậy...
\(\left(2-\sqrt{5}\right)x^2+\left(6-\sqrt{5}\right)x-8+2\sqrt{5}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2-\sqrt{5}\right)x^2-\left(2-\sqrt{5}\right)x+\left(8-2\sqrt{5}\right)x-(8-2\sqrt{5})=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2-\sqrt{5}\right)x\left(x-1\right)+\left(8-2\sqrt{5}\right)\left(x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left[\left(2-\sqrt{5}\right)x+\left(8-2\sqrt{5}\right)\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\\left(2-\sqrt{5}\right)x=-8+2\sqrt{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=\dfrac{-8+2\sqrt{5}}{2-\sqrt{5}}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=6+4\sqrt{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(S=\left\{1;6+4\sqrt{5}\right\}\)
\(pt\Leftrightarrow\left(5-2\sqrt{6}\right)^{\frac{x}{2}}+\left(5+2\sqrt{6}\right)^{\frac{x}{2}}=10\)
Thấy rằng \(5-2\sqrt{6}\) là nghịch đảo của \(5+2\sqrt{6}\), Vì vậy
\(\left(5-2\sqrt{6}\right)^{\frac{x}{2}}\left(5+2\sqrt{6}\right)^{\frac{x}{2}}=1\)
Đặt \(\left(5-2\sqrt{6}\right)^{\frac{x}{2}}=t\) ta dc pt sau
\(t+\frac{1}{t}=10\Rightarrow t^2-10t+1=0\Rightarrow t=5\pm2\sqrt{6}\)
Vì vậy \(t=5\pm2\sqrt{6}=\left(5-2\sqrt{6}\right)^{\pm1}=\left(5-2\sqrt{6}\right)^{\frac{x}{2}}\)
Suy ra \(\frac{x}{2}=\pm1\Rightarrow x=\pm2\)
\(\left(\sqrt{x+5}-\sqrt{x+2}\right)\left(1+\sqrt{x^2+7x+10}\right)=3\left(đk:x\ge-2\right)\)
Đặt \(a=\sqrt{x+5},b=\sqrt{x+2}\left(đk:a,b\ge0,a\ne b\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}ab=\sqrt{\left(x+5\right)\left(x+2\right)}=\sqrt{x^2+7x+10}\\a^2-b^2=x+5-x-2=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
PT trở thành: \(\left(a-b\right)\left(1+ab\right)=a^2-b^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(ab+1\right)=\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(ab+1-a-b\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(b-1\right)\left(a-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=b\left(loại\right)\\a=1\\b=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
+ Với a=1
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x+5}=1\Leftrightarrow x+5=1\Leftrightarrow x=-4\left(ktm\right)\)
+ Với b=1
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x+2}=1\Leftrightarrow x+2=1\Leftrightarrow x=-1\left(tm\right)\)
Vậy \(S=\left\{-1\right\}\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x+5}=a\\\sqrt{x+2=b}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Thì được:
\(\left(a-b\right)\left(1+ab\right)=a^2-b^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-1\right)\left(b-1\right)\left(a-b\right)=0\)
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