Question

[Hoàng Nguyễn]

cho 0<hoặc x,y,z< hoặc = 2 thm x+y+z=3.tìm gtln của x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz

Answer 1

[Nguyễn Việt Lâm]

Đặt \(P=x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz\)

\(=x^3+\left(y+z\right)^3-3yz\left(y+z\right)-3xyz\)

\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left[x^2-x\left(y+z\right)+\left(y+z\right)^2\right]-3yz\left(x+y+z\right)\)

\(=3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2+2yz-xy-xz\right)-9yz\)

\(=3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-zx\right)\)

\(=3\left[\left(x+y+z\right)^2-3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\right]\)

\(=3\left[9-3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\right]\)

Do \(0\le x,y,z\le2\Rightarrow\left(2-x\right)\left(2-y\right)\left(2-z\right)\ge0\)

\(\Rightarrow xyz+\left(2-x\right)\left(2-y\right)\left(2-z\right)\ge0\)

\(\Rightarrow2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)-4\left(x+y+z\right)+8\ge0\)

\(\Rightarrow2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\ge4.3-8=4\)

\(\Rightarrow xy+yz+zx\ge2\)

\(\Rightarrow P\le3.\left[9-3.2\right]=9\)

\(P_{max}=9\) khi \(\left(x;y;z\right)=\left(0;1;2\right)\) và các hoán vị của chúng