tính nhanh 2020 x 2021 - 1000 - 2020 x 2019 - 1020
nhanh và luôn ( giải đáp án )
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ĐKXĐ : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x>2019\\y>2020\\z>2021\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x-2019}=a,......\)
Ta được PT : \(\dfrac{1-a}{a^2}+\dfrac{1-b}{b^2}+\dfrac{1-c}{c^2}+\dfrac{3}{4}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{a^2}-\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}-\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{c^2}-\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{4}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{1}{a}-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{1}{b}-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{1}{c}-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2=0\)
- Thấy : \(\left(\dfrac{1}{a}-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0,......\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{1}{a}-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{1}{b}-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{1}{c}-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\)
- Dấu " = " xảy ra <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{a}=\dfrac{1}{2}\\\dfrac{1}{b}=\dfrac{1}{2}\\\dfrac{1}{c}=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2\\b=2\\c=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
- Thay lại a. b. c ta được : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x-2019}=2\\\sqrt{y-2020}=2\\\sqrt{z-2021}=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2019=4\\y-2020=4\\z-2021=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2023\\y=2024\\z=2025\end{matrix}\right.\) ( TM )
Vậy ...
Có \(x=\frac{2020}{2019}\) và \(y=\frac{2021}{2020}\). Xét phần hơn
Có \(x-1=\frac{2020}{2019}-1=\frac{2020}{2019}-\frac{2019}{2019}=\frac{1}{2019}\)
Có \(y-1=\frac{2021}{2020}-1=\frac{2021}{2020}-\frac{2020}{2020}=\frac{1}{2020}\)
Vì \(\frac{1}{2019}>\frac{1}{2020}\Leftrightarrow\frac{2020}{2019}>\frac{2021}{2020}\Rightarrow x>y\)
\(2019\times2021=\left(2020-1\right)\left(2020+1\right)=2020^2-1< 2020^2=2020\times2020\)
x=2020 nên x+1=2021
\(P\left(x\right)=x^{2021}-x^{2020}\left(x+1\right)+x^{2019}\left(x+1\right)-....+x\left(x+1\right)-2020\)
\(=x^{2021}-x^{2021}-x^{2020}+x^{2020}-...+x^2+x-2020\)
=x-2020=0
Áp dụng BĐT trị tuyệt đối:
\(M=\left|x-2019\right|+\left|2021-x\right|+2020\left|x-2020\right|\)
\(M\ge\left|x-2019+2021-x\right|+2020\left|x-2020\right|=2+2020\left|x-2020\right|\ge2\)
\(\Rightarrow M_{min}=2\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-2019\right)\left(2021-x\right)\ge0\\\left|x-2020\right|=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow x=2020\)
2020 × 2021 - 1000 - 2020 × 2019 - 1020
= 2020 × 2021 - 2020 × 2019 - 1000 - 1020
= 2020 × 2021 - 2020 × 2019 - (1000 + 1020)
= 2020 × 2021 - 2020 × 2019 - 2020
= 2020 × 2021 - 2020 × 2019 - 2020 × 1
= 2020 × (2021 - 2019 - 1)
= 2020 × 1
= 2020.