B = 1/21 + 1/22 + 1/23 + ... + 1/299
Hãy chứng minh B < 1
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b,A= \(\dfrac{11}{15}<\dfrac{1}{21}+\dfrac{1}{22}+\dfrac{1}{23}+...+\dfrac{1}{59}+\dfrac{1}{60}<\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(=(\dfrac{1}{21}+\dfrac{1}{22}+\dfrac{1}{23}+....+\dfrac{1}{40})+(\dfrac{1}{41}+...+1...\)
\(=(\dfrac{20}{20.21}+\dfrac{21}{21.22}+...+\dfrac{39}{39.40})+(40/...\)
\(20(\dfrac{1}{20.21}+\dfrac{1}{21.22}+...\dfrac{1}{39.40})+40(\dfrac{1}{40}...\)
\(20(\dfrac{1}{20}-\dfrac{1}{40})+40(\dfrac{1}{40}-\dfrac{1}{60})>\dfrac{11}{15}\)
Lại có \(A<40(\dfrac{1}{20.21}+...\dfrac{1}{39.40})+60(\dfrac{1}{40.41}+...+...\)
\(=40(\dfrac{1}{20}-\dfrac{1}{40})+60(\dfrac{1}{40}-\dfrac{1}{60})<\dfrac{3}{2}\)
=> \(\dfrac{11}{15}<\dfrac{1}{21}+\dfrac{1}{22}+\dfrac{1}{23}+...+\dfrac{1}{59}+\dfrac{1}{60}<\dfrac{3}{2}\)
a,\( \dfrac{1}{4}+ \dfrac{1}{16}+ \dfrac{1}{36}+ \dfrac{1}{64}+ \dfrac{1}{100}+ \dfrac{1}{144}+ \dfrac{1}{196}\)
= \( \dfrac{1}{4}+ \dfrac{1}{16}+ \dfrac{1}{36}+...+ \dfrac{1}{196} < \dfrac{1}{2^2-1}+ \dfrac{1}{4^2-1}+ \dfrac{1}{6^2-1}+...+ \dfrac{1}{14^2-1}\)
= \( \dfrac{1}{1.3}+ \dfrac{1}{3.5}+ \dfrac{1}{5.7}+...+ \dfrac{1}{13.15}\)
= \( \dfrac{1}{2}(1- \dfrac{1}{3}+ \dfrac{1}{3}- \dfrac{1}{5}+ \dfrac{1}{5}- \dfrac{1}{7}+ \dfrac{1}{7}-...- \dfrac{1}{13}+ \dfrac{1}{13}- \dfrac{1}{15})\)
= \( \dfrac{1}{2}(1- \dfrac{1}{15})< \dfrac{1}{2}\)
Vậy \( \dfrac{1}{4}+ \dfrac{1}{16}+ \dfrac{1}{36}+ \dfrac{1}{64}+ \dfrac{1}{100}+ \dfrac{1}{144}+ \dfrac{1}{196}\) \(<\dfrac{1}{2} \)
Đặt \(A=\frac{1}{21}+\frac{1}{22}+...+\frac{1}{60}\)
\(A=\left(\frac{20}{20.21}+\frac{21}{21.22}+..+\frac{39}{39.40}\right)+\left(\frac{40}{40.41}+\frac{41}{41.42}+...+\frac{59}{59.60}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A>20.\left(\frac{1}{20.21}+\frac{1}{21.22}+...+\frac{1}{39.40}\right)+40.\left(\frac{1}{40.41}+\frac{1}{41.42}+...+\frac{1}{59.60}\right)\)
\(A>20\cdot\left(\frac{1}{20}-\frac{1}{40}\right)+40\cdot\left(\frac{1}{40}-\frac{1}{60}\right)=\frac{5}{6}>\frac{11}{15}\)
Mặt khác : \(A< 40\cdot\left(\frac{1}{20.21}+\frac{1}{21.22}+...+\frac{1}{38.40}\right)+60\cdot\left(\frac{1}{40.41}+\frac{1}{41.42}+...+\frac{1}{59.60}\right)\)
\(A< 40\cdot\left(\frac{1}{20}-\frac{1}{40}\right)+60\cdot\left(\frac{1}{40}-\frac{1}{60}\right)=\frac{3}{2}\)
Vậy ....
Đặt A=1/21+1/22+...+1/60=(1/21+1/22+...+1/40)+(1/41+1/42+...+1/60)
Ta có:1/21>1/40, 1/22>1/40,..., 1/39>1/40
=>1/21+1/226+...+1/40>1/40+1/40+...+1/40=1/40.20=1/2
1/41>1/60, 1/42>1/60,...,1/59>1/60
=>1/41+1/42+...+1/60>1/60+1/60+...+1/60=1/60.20=1/3
=>1/21+1/22+...+1/60>1/2+1/3=5/6>11/15
=>A>11/15 (1)
Lại có: 1/21<1/20, 1/22<1/20,...,1/40<1/20
=>1/21+1/22+...+1/40<1/20+1/20+...+1/20=1/20.20=1
1/41<1/40, 1/42<1/40,...,1/60<1/40
=>1/41+1/42+...+1/60<1/40+1/40+...+1/40=1/40.20=1/2
=>1/21+1/22+...+1/60<1+1/2=3/2
=>A<3/2 (2)
Từ (1) và (2)
=>11/15<A<3/2
=>11/15<1/21+1/22+...+1/60<3/2 (đpcm)
Số số hạng của biểu thức A là: (40-21):1+1=20(số hạng)
Ta có : 1/21>1/40,1/22>1/40,1/23>1/40,...,1/40=1/40
1/21+1/22+1/23+...+1/40>1/40+1/40+1/41+1/40+...+1/40( 20 số 1/40)
A>1/40x20=1/2
A>1/20 (1)
Lại có: 1/21=1/21,1/21>1/22,1/21>1/23,...,1/21>1/40
1/21+1/21+1/21+...+1/21(20 số 1/21)>1/21+1/22+1/23+...+1/40
1/21x20>A
20/21>A.Mà 1>20/21
1>A (2)
Từ (1) và (2) ta có : 1/2<A<1(đpcm)
Vậy bài tôán đđcm
\(\frac{1}{2}=\frac{1}{40}+\frac{1}{40}+....+\frac{1}{40}\)có 20 số hạng \(\)
\(\frac{1}{21}+\frac{1}{22}+....+\frac{1}{40}\)có 20 số hạng
\(\frac{1}{21}>\frac{1}{40}\)
\(\frac{1}{22}>\frac{1}{40}\)
\(.....\)
\(\frac{1}{40}=\frac{1}{40}\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2}< \frac{1}{21}+\frac{1}{22}+.....+\frac{1}{40}\)
\(1=\frac{1}{40}+....+\frac{1}{40}\)có 40 số hạng mà A chỉ có 20 số hạng
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2}< A< 1\)
a,1/51 > 1/100
1/52 > 1/100
1/53 > 1/100
...
1/100=1/100
=>H>1/100 + 1/100 + 1/100 +...+1/100
H>50/100=1/2
1/51<1/50
1/52<1/50
....
1/100<1/50
=>H<1/50+1/50+...+1/50
H<50/50=1
Vay1/2<H<1
b.ta chia B thành 10 nhóm mỗi nhóm có 6 hạng tử \(B=\left(2+2^2+2^3+2^4+2^5+2^6\right)+....+\left(2^{55}+2^{56}+2^{57}+2^{58}+2^{59}+2^{60}\right)\)
\(B\text{=}2\left(1+2+2^2+2^3+2^4+2^5\right)+...+2^{55}\left(1+2+2^2+2^3+2^4+2^5\right)\)
\(B\text{=}2.63+...+2^{56}.63\)
\(\Rightarrow B⋮63\)
\(\Rightarrow B⋮21\)
Chứng minh: \(\frac{11}{15}< \frac{1}{21}+\frac{1}{22}+\frac{1}{23}+...+\frac{1}{60}< \frac{3}{2}\).
tách bất đẳng thức trên ta có \(\frac{1}{21}+\frac{1}{22}+\frac{1}{23}+...+\frac{1}{60}\)gọi biều thức này là A
ta có \(A=\frac{1}{21}+\frac{1}{22}+\frac{1}{23}+...+\frac{1}{60}\)
\(A=\left(\frac{20}{20.21}+\frac{21}{21.22}+\frac{22}{22.23}+...+\frac{39}{39.40}\right)+\left(\frac{40}{40.41}+\frac{41}{41.42}+...+\frac{59}{59.60}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A>20.\left(\frac{20}{20.21}+\frac{21}{21.22}+\frac{22}{22.23}+...+\frac{39}{39.40}\right)+40.\left(\frac{40}{40.41}+\frac{41}{41.42}+...+\frac{59}{59.60}\right)\)nhân vế trái vs 20 vế phải 40
\(\Rightarrow A>20.\left(\frac{1}{20}-\frac{1}{40}\right)+40.\left(\frac{1}{40}-\frac{1}{60}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A>\frac{5}{6}>\frac{11}{5}\left(1\right)\)
ta có \(A< 40.\left(\frac{20}{20.21}+\frac{21}{21.22}+\frac{22}{22.23}+...+\frac{39}{39.40}\right)+60.\left(\frac{40}{40.41}+\frac{41}{41.42}+...+\frac{59}{59.60}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A< 40.\left(\frac{1}{20}-\frac{1}{40}\right)+60.\left(\frac{1}{40}-\frac{1}{60}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{3}{2}\left(2\right)\)
từ (1) và (2)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{11}{15}< A< \frac{3}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{11}{15}< \text{}\text{}\frac{1}{21}+\frac{1}{22}+\frac{1}{23}+..+\frac{1}{60}< \frac{3}{2}\)(ĐPCM)