Tính Phần Trăm Mỗi Nguyên Tố Có Trong Chất Sau
MgO Cacl2 Al2s03 H2S K2o CaO So3 Alacl
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Dãy nào sau đây chỉ gồm các oxit (oxide)?
A. CaO, SO2, NaOH, H2S. B. K2O, CaCO3, Na2O, BaO.
C. SO2, SO3, CuO, Fe2O3. D. Ba(OH)2, CaCO3, Na2O, CaCl2
\(\%m_S=\dfrac{32}{80}.100\%=40\%\)
\(\%m_O=\dfrac{3.16}{80}.100\%=60\%\)
- Hợp chất SO3
%S = MS : MSO3 .100% = 32 : 80 .100% = 40%
%O = 100% - 40% = 60%
- Hợp chất Fe2O3
%Fe = 2MFe : MFe2O3 . 100% = 2.56 : 160. 100% = 70%
%O = 100% - 70% = 30%
- Hợp chất CO2
%C = MC : MCO2 . 100% = 12 : 44 . 100% = 27,3 %
%O = 100% - 27,3% = 72,7%
\(\begin{array}{l} *SO_3:\\ \%S=\dfrac{32}{32+16\times 3}\times 100\%=40\%\\ \%O=\dfrac{16\times 3}{32+16\times 3}\times 100\%=60\%\\ *Fe_2O_3:\\ \%Fe=\dfrac{56\times 2}{56\times 2+16\times 3}\times 100\%=70\%\\ \%O=\dfrac{16\times 3}{56\times 2+16\times 3}\times 100\%=30\%\\ *CO_2:\\ \%C=\dfrac{12}{12+16\times 2}\times 100\%=27,27\%\\ \%O=\dfrac{16\times 2}{12+16\times 2}\times 100\%=72,73\%\end{array}\)
Tính phần trăm khối lượng của các nguyên tố trong hợp chất: NaNO3; K2CO3 , Al(OH)3, SO2, SO3, Fe2O3.
\(NaNO_3\\ \%m_{Na}=\dfrac{23}{23+14+3.16}.100\approx27,059\%\\ \%m_N=\dfrac{14}{23+14+3.16}.100\approx16,471\%\\ \%m_O=\dfrac{3.16}{23+14+3.16}.100\approx56,471\%\)
Em tương tự làm cho các chất còn lại!
a) \(M_{SO_3}=32+48=80\left(DvC\right)\\ \%S=\dfrac{32}{80}.100\%=40\%\\ \%O=100\%-40\%=60\%\)
b)\(M_{CuSO_4}=64+32+16.4=160\left(DvC\right)\\ \%Cu=\dfrac{64}{160}.100\%=40\%\\ \%S=\dfrac{32}{160}.100\%=20\%\\ \%O=100\%-40\%-20\%=40\%\)
c) \(M_{H_3PO_4}=1.3+31+16.4=98\left(DvC\right)\\ \%H=\dfrac{1.3}{98}.100\%=3\%\\ \%P=\dfrac{31}{98}.100\%=31\%\\ \%O=100\%-3\%-31\%=66\%\)
d) \(M_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=27.2+\left(32+64\right).3=342\left(DvC\right)\\ \%Al=\dfrac{27.2}{342}.100\%=15\%\\ \%S=\dfrac{32.3}{342}.100\%=28\%\\ \%O=100\%-15\%-28\%=57\%\)
a.\(\%S=\dfrac{32\times100}{32+16\times3}=40\%\)
%O = 100 - 40 = 60%
b.\(\%Cu=\dfrac{64\times100}{64+32+16\times4}=40\%\)
\(\%S=\dfrac{32\times100}{64+32+16\times4}=20\%\)
%O = 100 - 40 - 20 = 40%
c.\(\%H=\dfrac{3\times100}{3+31+64}=3.1\%\)
\(\%P=\dfrac{31\times100}{3+31+64}=31.6\%\)
%O = 100 - 3.1 - 31.6 = 65.3%
d.\(\%Al=\dfrac{54\times100}{54+96+192}=15.8\%\)
\(\%S=\dfrac{96\times100}{54+96+192}=28.1\%\)
%O = 100 - 15.8 - 28.1 = 56.1%
\(MgO:\\ \%_{Mg}=\dfrac{24}{40}\cdot100\%=60\%\\ \%_O=100\%-60\%=40\%\\ CaCl_2:\\ \%_{Ca}00=\dfrac{40}{111}\cdot100\%\approx36,04\%\\ \%_{Cl}=100\%-36,04\%=63,96\%\\ Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\\ \%_{Al}=\dfrac{27.2}{342}\cdot100\%\approx15,79\%\\ \%_S=\dfrac{32.3}{342}\cdot100\%\approx28,07\%\\ \%_O=100\%-15,79\%-28,07\%=56,14\%\\ H_2S:\\ \%_H=\dfrac{1.2}{34}\cdot100\%\approx5,88\%\\ \%_S=100\%-5,88\%=94,13\%\\ K_2O:\\ \%_K=\dfrac{39.2}{94}\cdot100\%\approx82,98\%\\ \%_O=100\%-82,98\%=17,02\%\\ CaO:\\ \%_{Ca}=\dfrac{40}{56}\cdot100\%\approx71,43\%\\ \%_O=100\%-71,43\%=28,57\%\)
\(SO_3:\\ \%_S=\dfrac{32}{80}\cdot100\%=40\%\\ \%_O=100\%-40\%=60\%\\ AlCl_3?\\ \%_{Al}=\dfrac{27}{133,5}\cdot100\%\approx20,22\%\\ \%_{Cl}=100\%-20,22\%=79,78\%\)