Tìm a,b,c biết: (a -⅓)(b+½)(c-3)=0 và a+1=b+2=c+3
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Ta có:\(\dfrac{x^2}{4}=\dfrac{x}{2};\dfrac{y^2}{9}=\dfrac{y}{3};\dfrac{z^2}{25}=\dfrac{z}{5}\)
Aps dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằn nhau:
\(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{z}{5}=\dfrac{x-y+z}{2-3+5}=\dfrac{4}{4}=1\)
=>\(\dfrac{x}{2}=1=>x=2\)
\(\dfrac{y}{3}=1=>y=3\)
\(\dfrac{z}{5}=1=>z=5\)
Vậy x=2, y=3, z=5
Ta có : \(\dfrac{x^2}{4}=\dfrac{y^2}{9}=\dfrac{z^2}{25}\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{z}{5}\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta được :
\(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{z}{5}=\dfrac{x-y+z}{2-3+5}=\dfrac{4}{4}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=2;y=3;z=5\)
Ta có: a+b+c=1 <=>(a+b+c)2 = 1 <=> ab+bc+ca=0 (1)
Theo dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
xa=yb=zc=x+y+za+b+c=x+y+z1=x+y+zxa=yb=zc=x+y+za+b+c=x+y+z1=x+y+z
<=> x = a(x+y+z) ; y = b(x+y+z) ; z = c(x+y+z)
=> xy+yz+zx= ab(x+y+z)2+bc(x+y+z)2+ca(x + y + z)2
<=> xy+yz+zx =(ab+bc+ca)(x+y+z)2 (2)
từ (1) và (2) => xy + yz + zx = 0
W.L.O.G: \(a\ge b\ge c\Rightarrow2\ge a\ge\frac{a+b+c}{3}=1\Rightarrow\left(a-2\right)\left(a-1\right)\le0\)
\(\therefore a^2+b^2+c^2\le a^2+\left(b+c\right)^2=2\left(a-1\right)\left(a-2\right)+5\le5\)
Equality holds when \(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(2;1;0\right)\) and ..
Ta có: a2 + b2 > 2ab, b2 + c2 > 2bc, c2 + a2 > 2ca
=> 2(a2 + b2 + c2) >= 2(ab + bc + ca)
=>3(a2 + b2 + c2) >= (a + b + c)2
=> a2 + b2 + c2 >= \(\frac{\text{(a + b + c)}^2}{3}\)
=> a2 + b2 + c2 >= 3
Dâu = xảy ra khi: a = b = c = 1
1. Ta có : \(\left(\frac{1}{a}-\frac{1}{b}\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}\ge\frac{2}{ab}\)
Tương tự : \(\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\ge\frac{2}{bc}\); \(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\ge\frac{2}{ac}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\ge\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ac}\). Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)a = b = c
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=3\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ac}\right)=9\)
\(9\le3\left(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\right)\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\ge3\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)a = b = c = 1
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=7\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ac}\right)=49\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2.\frac{a+b+c}{abc}=49\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}=49\)
Ta có:
\(\left(a-\dfrac{1}{3}\right)\left(b+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\left(c-3\right)=0\) (1)
Và: \(a+1=b+2=c+3\)
\(\Rightarrow a=b+2-1=b+1\)
Thay vào (1) ta có:
\(\left(b+1-\dfrac{1}{3}\right)\left(b+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\left(c-3\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(b+\dfrac{2}{3}\right)\left(b+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\left(c-3\right)=0\) (2)
Mà: \(b+2=c+3\)
\(\Rightarrow c=b+2-3=b-1\)
Thay vào (2) ta có:
\(\left(b+\dfrac{2}{3}\right)\left(b+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\left(b-1-3\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(b+\dfrac{2}{3}\right)\left(b+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\left(b-4\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}b=-\dfrac{2}{3}\\b=-\dfrac{1}{2}\\b=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
TH1 khi b=\(-\dfrac{2}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow a=b+1=-\dfrac{2}{3}+1=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow c=b-1=-\dfrac{2}{3}-1=-\dfrac{5}{3}\)
TH2 khi \(b=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow a=b+1=-\dfrac{1}{2}+1=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow c=b-1=-\dfrac{1}{2}-1=-\dfrac{3}{2}\)
TH3 khi \(b=4\)
\(\Rightarrow a=b+1=4+1=5\)
\(\Rightarrow c=b-1=4-1=3\)
Vậy: ...