Bài 1: Tìm x,,z biết:
a: (x+2).(y-3)=5
b: (x+1).(xy-1)= 3
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a, \(x,y\in Z\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-3,2y-6\in Z\\x-3,2y-6\inƯ\left(5\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm5\right\}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có bảng:
x-3 | -1 | -5 | 1 | 5 |
2y-6 | -5 | -1 | 5 | 1 |
x | 2 | -2 | 4 | 8 |
y | \(\dfrac{1}{2}\left(loại\right)\) | \(\dfrac{5}{2}\left(loại\right)\) | \(\dfrac{11}{2}\left(loại\right)\) | \(\dfrac{7}{2}\left(loại\right)\) |
Vậy không có x,y thỏa mãn đề bài
b, tương tự câu a
\(c,xy-5x+2y=7\\ \Rightarrow x\left(y-5\right)+2y-10=-3\\ \Rightarrow x\left(y-5\right)+2\left(y-5\right)=-3\\ \Rightarrow\left(x+2\right)\left(y-5\right)=-3\)
Rồi làm tương tự câu a
\(d,xy-3x-4y=5\\ \Rightarrow x\left(y-3\right)-4y+12=17\\ \Rightarrow x\left(y-3\right)-4\left(y-3\right)=17\\ \Rightarrow\left(x-4\right)\left(y-3\right)=17\)
Rồi làm tương tự câu a
a: (x-2)(y-3)=5
=>\(\left(x-2\right)\cdot\left(y-3\right)=1\cdot5=5\cdot1=\left(-1\right)\cdot\left(-5\right)=\left(-5\right)\cdot\left(-1\right)\)
=>\(\left(x-2;y-3\right)\in\left\{\left(1;5\right);\left(5;1\right);\left(-1;-5\right);\left(-5;-1\right)\right\}\)
=>\(\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(3;8\right);\left(7;4\right);\left(1;-2\right);\left(-3;2\right)\right\}\)
b: (2x-1)*(y-4)=-11
=>\(\left(2x-1\right)\cdot\left(y-4\right)=1\cdot\left(-11\right)=\left(-11\right)\cdot1=\left(-1\right)\cdot11=11\cdot\left(-1\right)\)
=>\(\left(2x-1;y-4\right)\in\left\{\left(1;-11\right);\left(-11;1\right);\left(-1;11\right);\left(11;-1\right)\right\}\)
=>\(\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(1;-7\right);\left(-5;5\right);\left(0;15\right);\left(6;3\right)\right\}\)
c: xy-2x+y=3
=>\(x\left(y-2\right)+y-2=1\)
=>\(\left(x+1\right)\left(y-2\right)=1\)
=>\(\left(x+1\right)\cdot\left(y-2\right)=1\cdot1=\left(-1\right)\cdot\left(-1\right)\)
=>\(\left(x+1;y-2\right)\in\left\{\left(1;1\right);\left(-1;-1\right)\right\}\)
=>\(\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(0;3\right);\left(-2;1\right)\right\}\)
Bài 2:
a: \(3x^2-3xy=3x\left(x-y\right)\)
b: \(x^2-4y^2=\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+2y\right)\)
c: \(3x-3y+xy-y^2=\left(x-y\right)\left(3+y\right)\)
d: \(x^2-y^2+2y-1=\left(x-y+1\right)\left(x+y-1\right)\)
a) \(\left(x-1\right)^3\)
\(=x^3-3x^2+3x-1\)
b) \(\left(2x-3y\right)^3\)
\(=\left(2x\right)^3-3\left(2x\right)^23y+3.2x\left(3y\right)^3+\left(3y\right)^3\)
\(=8x^3-36x^2y+54xy^2-27y^3\)
Bài 3:
a: Ta có: \(\left(x-2\right)^3-x^2\left(x-6\right)=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-6x^2+12x-8-x^3+6x^2=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow12x=13\)
hay \(x=\dfrac{13}{12}\)
b: Ta có: \(\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)-x\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-1-x^3+4x=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x=5\)
hay \(x=\dfrac{5}{4}\)
a) x3-1-(x2+2x)(x-2)=5
⇔ x3-1-x3+4x=5
⇔ 4x=6
⇔ \(x=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
b.(a+b)-(b-a)+c=2a+c
Xét VT: (a+b)-(b-a)+c = a + b - b + a + c = 2a+c
Mà VP = 2a+c
=> VT = VP
c.-(a+b-c)+(a-b-c)=-2b
Xét VT: -(a+b-c)+(a-b-c) = -a - b + c + a - b - c = -2b
Mà VP = -2b
=> VT = VP
d.a(b+c)-a(b+d)=a(c-d)
Xét VT: a(b+c)-a(b+d) = ab + ac - ab - ad = ac - ad = a(c-d)
Mà VP = a(c-d)
=> VT = VP
e.a(b-c)+a(d+c)=a(b+d)
Xét VT: a(b-c)+a(d+c)= ab -ac + ad + ac = ab + ad = a(b+d)
Mà VP = a(b+d)
=> VT = VP
a) \(3\left(x-2\right)+2\left(x-3\right)=5\)
\(\Rightarrow3x-6+2x-6=5\)
\(\Rightarrow5x=17\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{17}{5}\)
b) \(\left(2x-8\right)^2-16=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(2x-8-4\right)\left(2x-8+4\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(2x-12\right)\left(2x-4\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x=12\\2x=4\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=6\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) \(\left(2x-1\right)^2-\left(4x+1\right)\left(x-3\right)=3\)
\(\Rightarrow4x^2-4x+1-4x^2+12x-x+3=3\)
\(\Rightarrow7x=-1\Rightarrow x=-\dfrac{1}{7}\)
a: Ta có: \(3\left(x-2\right)+2\left(x-3\right)=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x-6+2x-6=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5x=17\)
hay \(x=\dfrac{17}{5}\)
b: Ta có: \(\left(2x-8\right)^2-16=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-4\right)\left(2x-12\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=6\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) \(\left(x+1\right)\left(y+4\right)=7\).
-Vì \(x,y\in Z\) nên ta có thể viết:
\(\left(x+1\right)\left(y+4\right)=1.7\) hay \(\left(x+1\right)\left(y+4\right)=7.1\) hay \(\left(x+1\right)\left(y+4\right)=\left(-1\right).\left(-7\right)\) hay \(\left(x+1\right)\left(y+4\right)=\left(-7\right).\left(-1\right)\)
+Xét trường hợp \(\left(x+1\right)\left(y+4\right)=1.7\):
\(\Rightarrow x+1=1\) và \(y+4=7\)
\(\Rightarrow x=0\left(tmđk\right)\) và \(y=3\left(tmđk\right)\).
+Xét trường hợp \(\left(x+1\right)\left(y+4\right)=7.1\):
\(\Rightarrow x+1=7\) và \(y+4=1\)
\(\Rightarrow x=6\left(tmđk\right)\) và \(y=-3\left(tmđk\right)\).
+Xét trường hợp \(\left(x+1\right)\left(y+4\right)=\left(-1\right).\left(-7\right)\):
\(\Rightarrow x+1=-1\) và \(y+4=-7\)
\(\Rightarrow x=-2\left(tmđk\right)\) và \(y=-11\left(tmđk\right)\).
+Xét trường hợp \(\left(x+1\right)\left(y+4\right)=\left(-7\right).\left(-1\right)\):
\(\Rightarrow x+1=-7\) và \(y+4=-1\)
\(\Rightarrow x=-8\left(tmđk\right)\) và \(y=-5\left(tmđk\right)\).
b) \(xy+2x-3y=-1\)
\(\Rightarrow xy+2x-3y+1=0\)
\(\Rightarrow y\left(x-3\right)=-2x-1\)
\(\Rightarrow y=-\dfrac{2x+1}{x-3}=\dfrac{2\left(x-3\right)-5}{x-3}=2-\dfrac{5}{x-3}\)
-Vì \(y\in Z\) \(\Rightarrow5⋮\left(x-3\right)\).
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-3\right)\inƯ\left(5\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x-3\in\left\{1;-1;5;-5\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{4;2;8;-2\right\}\) (đều thỏa mãn điều kiện).
+Với \(x=4\) thì \(y=\dfrac{5}{4-3}=5\) (tmđk).
+Với \(x=2\) thì \(y=\dfrac{5}{2-3}=-5\) (tmđk).
+Với \(x=8\) thì \(y=\dfrac{5}{8-3}=1\) (tmđk)
+Với \(x=-2\) thì \(y=\dfrac{5}{-2-3}=-1\) (tmđk).
a) 5 = 1 . 5 = 5 . 1 = (-1) . (-5) = (-5) . (-1)
b) 3 = 1 . 3 = 3 . 1 = (-3) . (-1) = (-1) . (-3)
Lập bảng thống kê rồi tìm x,y.