trung hoà 50gam dd hcl 14,6% cần bao nhiêu ml dd koh 0,5M?
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a) H2SO4 + 2NaOH --> Na2SO4 + 2H2O
b) \(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2.1=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: H2SO4 + 2NaOH --> Na2SO4 + 2H2O
0,2---->0,4
=> mNaOH = 0,4.40 = 16 (g)
=> \(m_{dd.NaOH}=\dfrac{16.100}{20}=80\left(g\right)\)
c)
PTHH: H2SO4 + 2KOH --> K2SO4 + 2H2O
0,2---->0,4
=> mKOH = 0,4.56 = 22,4 (g)
=> \(m_{dd.KOH}=\dfrac{22,4.100}{5,6}=400\left(g\right)\)
=> \(V_{dd.KOH}=\dfrac{400}{1,045}=382,775\left(ml\right)\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2.1=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:H_2SO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\)
0,2 0,4
\(m_{\text{ }NaOH}=0,4.40=16g\\ m_{\text{dd}NaOH}=\dfrac{16.100}{20}=80g\)
\(pthh:H_2SO_4+2KOH\rightarrow K_2SO_4+2H_2O\)
0,2 0,4
\(m_{KOH}=0,4.56=22,4g\\
m_{\text{dd}KOH}=\dfrac{22,4.100}{5,6}=400g\\
V_{\text{dd}}=\dfrac{400}{1,045}=382,7ml\)
\(V_{dd}=\dfrac{22,4}{1,045}=21,4354ml\)
Đổi 100ml = 0,1 lít
Ta có: \(C_{M_{KOH}}=\dfrac{n_{KOH}}{0,1}=0,5M\)
=> \(n_{KOH}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
a. PTHH: 2KOH + H2SO4 ---> K2SO4 + 2H2O
b. Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}.n_{KOH}=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,05=0,025\left(mol\right)\)
Vì H2SO4 là chất lỏng nên thể tích bằng số mol của chính nó.
c. PTHH: KOH + HCl ---> KCl + H2O
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=n_{KOH}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{HCl}=0,05.36,5=1,825\left(g\right)\)
Ta có; \(C_{\%_{HCl}}=\dfrac{1,825}{m_{dd_{HCl}}}.100\%=20\%\)
=> \(m_{dd_{HCl}}=9,125\left(g\right)\)
a) $Mg + 2HCl \to MgCl_2 + H_2$
$n_{MgCl_2} = \dfrac{4,75}{95} = 0,05(mol)$
$n_{HCl} = 2n_{MgCl_2} = 0,1(mol)$
$m_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{0,1.36,5}{14,6\%} = 25(gam)$
$\Rightarrow V_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{25}{1,12} = 22,32(ml)$
b) $n_{Mg} = n_{H_2} = n_{MgCl_2} = 0,05(mol)$
$\Rightarrow m_{dd\ sau\ pư} = 0,05.24 + 25 - 0,05.2 = 26,1(gam)$
$C\%_{HCl} = \dfrac{4,75}{26,1}.100\% = 18,2\%$
Gọi: V dd HCl 1M = a (ml) \(\Rightarrow n_{HCl\left(1M\right)}=\dfrac{a}{1000}.1=\dfrac{a}{1000}\left(mol\right)\)
V dd HCl 0,25M = b (ml) \(\Rightarrow n_{HCl\left(0,25M\right)}=\dfrac{b}{1000}.0,25=\dfrac{b}{4000}\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ a + b = 1000 (1)
Mà: \(n_{HCl\left(0,5M\right)}=1.0,5=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{1000}+\dfrac{b}{4000}=0,5\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{1000}{3}\left(ml\right)\\b=\dfrac{2000}{3}\left(ml\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{Ca(OH)_2}=0,5.0,2=0,1(mol)\\ PTHH:Ca(OH)_2+2HCl\to CaCl_2+2H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{HCl}=2n_{Ca(OH)_2}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,2.36,5}{200}.100\%=3,65\%\)
Vậy \(a=3,65\)
KOH + HCl -> KCl + H2O
nHCl=\(\dfrac{200.3,65\%}{36,5}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PTHH ta có:
nKCl=nHCl=nKOH=0,2(mol)
Vdd KOH=\(\dfrac{0,2}{0,5}=0,4\left(lít\right)\)
mdd KOH=400.1,1=440(g)
mKCl=0,2.74,5=14,9(g)
C% dd KCl=\(\dfrac{14,9}{440+200}.100\%=2,33\%3\%\)
Ta có: \(m_{HCl}=50.14,6\%=7,3\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=\dfrac{7,3}{36,5}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(HCl+KOH\rightarrow KCl+H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{KOH}=n_{HCl}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{ddKOH}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,5}=0,4\left(l\right)=400\left(ml\right)\)
KOH + HCl → KCl + H2O
\(0,146\) \(0,146\) \(0,146\)
\(V_{KOH}=\dfrac{n}{CM}=\dfrac{0,146}{0,5}=0,292\left(l\right)=292\left(ml\right)\)