cho phuương trình: \(3x^2-2x-1=0\) tính giá trị biểu thức
A=\(\dfrac{1}{x_2+1}+\dfrac{1}{x_1+1}\)
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1. Theo hệ thức Vi-ét, ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_1+x_2=-\dfrac{4}{3}\\x_1.x_2=\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(C=\dfrac{x_1}{x_2-1}+\dfrac{x_2}{x_1-1}=\dfrac{x_1\left(x_1-1\right)+x_2\left(x_2-1\right)}{\left(x_1-1\right)\left(x_2-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x_1^2-x_1+x_2^2-x_2}{x_1x_2-x_1-x_2+1}=\dfrac{\left(x_1+x_2\right)^2-2x_1x_2-\left(x_1+x_2\right)}{x_1x_2-\left(x_1+x_2\right)+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(-\dfrac{4}{3}\right)^2-2.\dfrac{1}{3}-\left(-\dfrac{4}{3}\right)}{\dfrac{1}{3}-\left(-\dfrac{4}{3}\right)+1}=\dfrac{\dfrac{22}{9}}{\dfrac{8}{3}}=\dfrac{11}{12}\)
\(1,3x^2+4x+1=0\)
Do pt có 2 nghiệm \(x_1,x_2\) nên theo đ/l Vi-ét ta có :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}S=x_1+x_2=\dfrac{-b}{a}=-\dfrac{4}{3}\\P=x_1x_2=\dfrac{c}{a}=\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có :
\(C=\dfrac{x_1}{x_2-1}+\dfrac{x_2}{x_1-1}\)
\(=\dfrac{x_1\left(x_1-1\right)+x_2\left(x_2-1\right)}{\left(x_2-1\right)\left(x_1-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x_1^2-x_1+x_2^2-x_2}{x_1x_2-x_2-x_1+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x_1^2+x_2^2\right)-\left(x_1+x_2\right)}{x_1x_2-\left(x_1+x_2\right)+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{S^2-2P-S}{P-S+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(-\dfrac{4}{3}\right)^2-2.\dfrac{1}{3}-\left(-\dfrac{4}{3}\right)}{\dfrac{1}{3}-\left(-\dfrac{4}{3}\right)+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{11}{12}\)
Vậy \(C=\dfrac{11}{12}\)
Theo vi et: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_1+x_2=-\dfrac{b}{a}=\dfrac{-2020}{1}=-2020\\x_1x_2=\dfrac{c}{a}=\dfrac{2021}{1}=2021\end{matrix}\right.\)
a
\(\dfrac{1}{x_1}+\dfrac{1}{x_2}=\dfrac{x_2}{x_1x_2}+\dfrac{x_1}{x_1x_2}=\dfrac{x_1+x_2}{x_1x_2}=\dfrac{-2020}{2021}\)
b
\(x_1^2+x_2^2=x_1^2+2x_1x_2+x_2^2-2x_1x_2=\left(x_1+x_2\right)^2-2x_1x_2=\left(-2020\right)^2-2.2021=4076358\)
Ta có: \(\Delta=\left(-10\right)^2-4.3.2=100-24=76>0\)
Suy ra pt luôn có 2 nghiệm phân biệt
Theo Vi-ét:\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_1+x_2=\dfrac{10}{3}\\x_1x_2=\dfrac{2}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(A=\dfrac{x_1-1}{x_2}+\dfrac{x_2-1}{x_1}-x_1^2x_2^2\\ =\dfrac{x_1\left(x_1-1\right)+x_2\left(x_2-1\right)}{x_1x_2}-\left(x_1x_2\right)^2\\ =\dfrac{x_1^2-x_1+x_2^2-x_2}{\dfrac{2}{3}}-\left(\dfrac{2}{3}\right)^2\\ =\dfrac{\left(x_1+x_2\right)^2-2x_1x_2-\left(x_1+x_2\right)}{\dfrac{2}{3}}-\dfrac{4}{9}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{10}{3}\right)^2-2.\dfrac{2}{3}-\dfrac{10}{3}}{\dfrac{2}{3}}-\dfrac{4}{9}\\ =\dfrac{83}{9}\)
,có \(ac< 0\)=>pt đã cho luôn có 2 nghiệm phân biệt
vi ét \(=>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x1+x2=2\\x1x2=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
a,\(A=\left(x1+x2\right)^2-2x1x2=.....\) thay số tính
b,\(B=\left(x1+x2\right)^3-3x1x2\left(x1+x2\right)=.......\)
c,\(C=x1^{2^2}+x2^{2^2}=\left(x1^2+x2^2\right)^2-2\left(x1x2\right)^2=\left[\left(x1+x2\right)^2-2x1x2\right]^2-2\left(x1x2\right)^2=....\)
\(D=x1x2\left(x1+x2\right)=.....\)
\(x1,x2\ne0=>E=\dfrac{\left(x1+x2\right)^3-3x1x2\left(x1+x2\right)}{x1x2}=...\)
\(F=\sqrt{\left(x1-x2\right)^2}=\sqrt{\left(x1+x2\right)^2-4x1x2}=....\)
\(x1,x2\ne-1=>G=\dfrac{\left(x1+x2\right)^2-2x1x2+x1x2}{x1x2+x1+X2+1}=...\)
\(x1,x2\ne0=>H=\left(\dfrac{x1x2+2}{x2}\right)\left(\dfrac{x1x2+2}{x1}\right)=\dfrac{\left(x1x2+2\right)^2}{x1x2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x1x2\right)^2+4x1x2+4}{x1x2}=..\)
\(x^2-4x-6=0\)
\(\text{Δ}=\left(-4\right)^2-4\cdot1\cdot\left(-6\right)=16+24=40>0\)
=>Phương trình này có hai nghiệm phân biệt
Theo vi-et, ta có:
\(x_1+x_2=\dfrac{-b}{a}=\dfrac{-\left(-4\right)}{1}=4;x_1\cdot x_2=\dfrac{c}{a}=\dfrac{-6}{1}=-6\)
\(A=x_1^2+x_2^2=\left(x_1+x_2\right)^2-2x_1x_2\)
\(=4^2-2\cdot\left(-6\right)=16+12=28\)
\(B=\dfrac{1}{x_1}+\dfrac{1}{x_2}=\dfrac{x_1+x_2}{x_1\cdot x_2}=\dfrac{4}{-6}=-\dfrac{2}{3}\)
\(C=x_1^3+x_2^3\)
\(=\left(x_1+x_2\right)^3-3\cdot x_1\cdot x_2\cdot\left(x_1+x_2\right)\)
\(=4^3-3\cdot4\cdot\left(-6\right)=64+72=136\)
\(D=\left|x_1-x_2\right|\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(x_1-x_2\right)^2}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(x_1+x_2\right)^2-4x_1x_2}\)
\(=\sqrt{4^2-4\cdot\left(-6\right)}=\sqrt{16+24}=\sqrt{40}=2\sqrt{10}\)
Áp dụng hệ thức Vi-et, ta được:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_1+x_2=5\\x_1x_2=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{x_1}+\dfrac{1}{x_2}\)
\(=\dfrac{x_1+x_2}{x_1x_2}\)
\(=\dfrac{5}{-1}=-5\)
Lời giải:
Áp dụng hệ thức Viet:
$x_1+x_2=\frac{-4}{3}; x_1x_2=\frac{1}{3}$
Khi đó:
\(B=\frac{x_1}{x_2-1}+\frac{x_2}{x_1-1}=\frac{x_1(x_1-1)+x_2(x_2-1)}{(x_1-1)(x_2-1)}\)
\(=\frac{x_1^2+x_2^2-(x_1+x_2)}{x_1x_2-(x_1+x_2)+1}=\frac{(x_1+x_2)^2-2x_1x_2-(x_1+x_2)}{x_1x_2-(x_1+x_2)+1}\)
\(=\frac{(\frac{-4}{3})^2-2.\frac{1}{3}-\frac{-4}{3}}{\frac{1}{3}-\frac{-4}{3}+1}=\frac{11}{12}\)
\(\Delta=b^2-4ac=\left(-2\right)^2-4.3.\left(-1\right)=16>0\)
\(\Rightarrow\) Pt có 2 nghiệm pb
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_1=\dfrac{-b+\sqrt{\Delta}}{2a}=\dfrac{2+4}{2.3}=1\\x_2=\dfrac{-b-\sqrt{\Delta}}{2a}=\dfrac{2-4}{2.3}=-\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}S=x_1+x_2=1-\dfrac{1}{3}=\dfrac{2}{3}\\P=x_1x_2=1.\left(-\dfrac{1}{3}\right)=-\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{x_2+1}+\dfrac{1}{x_1+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{x_1+1+x_2+1}{\left(x_2+1\right)\left(x_1+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x_1+x_2+2}{x_1x_2+x_2+x_1+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{S+2}{P+S+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{\dfrac{2}{3}+2}{-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{2}{3}+1}\)
\(=2\)
`A = (x_1 + 1 + x_2 + 1)/(x_1x_2 + x_1+x_2 + 1)`
`= (x_1 + x_2 + 2)/(x_1x_2 + x_1 + x_2 + 1)`.
Mà theo hệ thức Viet: {(x_1 + x_2 = -b/a = 2/3), (x_1x_2 =c/a -1/3):}`
A = (2/3 + 2)/(-1/3 + 2/3 + 1)`
`= 8/3 : 4/3`
`= 2`.