Bài 8: Cho 10,6 g Na2CO3 tác dụng vừa đủ với CaCl2. Tính khối lượng các chất tạo thành sau phản ứng
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\(n_{Na2CO3}=0,1mol\)
\(Na_2CO_3+CaCL_2\rightarrow CaCO_3+2NaCL\)
\(0,1..........0,1..........0,1..........0,2..........\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{CaCO3}=0,1\times100=10g\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{NaCL}=0,2\times58,5=11,7\left(g\right)\)
Nguồn: h.vn
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\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{150.9,8\%}{98}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ H_2SO_4+Na_2CO_3\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+H_2O+CO_2\\ n_{Na_2CO_3}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{ddNa_2CO_3}=\dfrac{0,15.106}{10,6\%}=150\left(g\right)\\ n_{CO_2}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ m_{ddsaupu}=150+150-0,15.44=293,4\left(g\right)\\ n_{Na_2SO_4}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ C\%_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,15.142}{293,4}.100=7,26\%\)
chị ơi cho em hỏi tại sao lại 150* 9,8% lại chia cho 98 ạ
\(PTHH:CaCl_2+2AgNO_3\rightarrow Ca\left(NO_3\right)_2+2AgCl\downarrow\)
\(n_{CaCl_2}=\frac{22,2}{111}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{AgNO_3}=2n_{CaCl_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{AgNO_3}=0,4.170=68\left(g\right)\)
b) Các chất còn lại trong phản ứng là Ca(NO3)2, AgCl
\(TheoPT:n_{Ca\left(NO_3\right)_2}=n_{CaCl_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{AgCl}=2n_{CaCl_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Ca\left(NO_3\right)_2}=0,2.164=32,8\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{AgCl}=0,4.143,5=57,4\left(g\right)\)
CaCl2 + 2AgNO3 → Ca(NO3)2 + 2AgCl
\(n_{CaCl_2}=\frac{22,2}{111}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
a) Theo PT: \(n_{AgNO_3}=2n_{CaCl_2}=2\times0,2=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{AgNO_3}=0,4\times170=68\left(g\right)\)
b) Theo PT: \(n_{Ca\left(NO_3\right)_2}=n_{CaCl_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Ca\left(NO_3\right)_2}=0,2\times164=32,8\left(g\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{AgCl}=n_{AgNO_3}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{AgCl}=0,4\times143,5=57,4\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,1 0,2 0,1 0,1
\(m_{HCl}=0,2.36,5=7,3\left(g\right)\\
V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24l\\
m_{\text{dd}}=6,5+200-\left(0,1.2\right)=206,3g\)
bài 2 :
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
0,2 0,4 0,2 0,2
\(m_{HCl}=0,4.36,5=14,6g\\
V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48l\\
m\text{dd}=4,8+200-0,4=204,4g\\
C\%=\dfrac{0,2.136}{204,4}.100\%=13,3\%\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0.25\cdot2=0.5\left(mol\right)\)
\(Na_2CO_3+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+CO_2+H_2O\)
\(0.5..............0.5...............0.5\)
\(m_{Na_2CO_3}=0.5\cdot106=53\left(g\right)\)
\(C_{M_{Na_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0.5}{0.25}=2\left(M\right)\)
\(m_{CH_3COOH}=24\%.150=36\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow n_{CH_3COOH}=\dfrac{36}{60}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2CH3COOH + Na2CO3 ---> 2CH3COONa + CO2 + H2O
0,6 0,3 0,6 0,3
=> VCO2 = 0,3.22,4 = 6,72 (l)
\(m_{Na_2CO_3}=0,3.31,8\left(g\right)\)
=> \(m_{ddNa_2CO_3}=\dfrac{31,8}{21,2\%}=150\left(g\right)\)
mCO2 = 0,3.44 = 13,2 (g)
\(m_{dd}=150+150-13,2=286,8\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{CH_3COONa}=0,3.82=24,6\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow C\%_{CH_3COONa}=\dfrac{24,6}{286,8}=8,58\%\)
\(n_{CaCl_2}=\dfrac{22.2}{111}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(CaCl_2+2AgNO_3\rightarrow Ca\left(NO_3\right)_2+2AgCl\)
\(0.2....................................................0.4\)
\(m_{AgCl}=0.4\cdot143.5=57.4\left(g\right)\)
nCaCl2=22,2/111=0,2(mol)
CaCl2 + 2AgNO3 -----> 2AgCl + Ca(NO3)2
TPT:nAgCl=2.nCaCl2=2.0,2=0,4(mol)
mAgCl=0,4.143,5=57,4(g)
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=150.9,8\%=14,7\left(g\right)\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{14,7}{98}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:H_2SO_4+Na_2CO_3\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+CO_2\uparrow+H_2O\\ Mol:0,3\rightarrow0,3\rightarrow0,3\rightarrow0,3\)
\(m_{Na_2CO_3}=0,3.106=31,8\left(g\right)\\ m_{ddNa_2CO_3}=\dfrac{31,8}{10,6\%}=300\left(g\right)\\ m_{Na_2SO_4}=0,3.142=42,6\left(g\right)\\ m_{CO_2}=0,3.44=13,2\left(g\right)\\ m_{dd}=150+300-13,2=436,8\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{42,6}{436,8}=9,75\%\)
mH2SO4 =mdd H2SO4.C% : 100% = 400.9,8% :100% = 39,2 (g)
=> nH2SO4 = mH2SO4 : MH2SO4 = 39,2: 98 = 0,4 (mol)
PTHH: H2SO4 + Na2CO3 ---> Na2SO4 + CO2 + H2O
0,4 ---->0,4 -----------> 0,4 -------> 0,4 (mol)
a) Theo PTHH: nNa2CO3 = nH2SO4 = 0,4 (mol)
=> mNa2CO3 = nNa2CO3. MNa2CO3 = 0,4.106 = 42,4 (g)
=> mdd Na2CO3 = mNa2CO3. 100% : C% = 42,4.100% : 10% = 424 (g)
b) Theo PTHH: nCO2 = nH2SO4 = 0,4 (mol)
=> VCO2(đktc) = 0,4.22,4 = 8,96 (lít)
c) Theo PTHH: nNa2SO4 = nH2SO4 = 0,4 (mol)
=> mNa2SO4 = nNa2SO4. MNa2SO4 = 0,4.142 = 56,8 (g)
mdd A = mdd H2SO4 + mdd Na2CO3 = 400 + 424 = 824 (g)
dd A chứa Na2SO4
=> C% Na2SO4 = (mNa2SO4 : mddA).100% = (56,8 : 824).100% = 6,89%
-nNa2CO3= m/M = 10,6/106 = 0,1 (mol)
-PT:Na2CO3+CaCl2->CaCO3+2NaCl
____0,1____________0,1______0,2
-mCaCO3= n.M = 0,1.100 = 10 (g)
-mNaCl= n.M = 0,2.58,5 = 11,7 (g)
\(n_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{10.6}{106}=0.1\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:CaCl_2+Na_2CO_3\rightarrow CaCO_3+2NaCl\\ n_{CaCO_3}=n_{Na_2CO_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CaCO_3}=0,1.100=10g\)
$n_{NaCl}=n_{Na_2CO_3}=0,1.2=0,2(mol)$
`=>` $m_{NaCl}=0.2.58,5=11,7g$