Cho 2 số x,y thỏa mãn: \(2x+y=6\). Tìm GTLN của \(P=xy\)
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Ta có :\(2x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{y^2}{4}=4\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}-2\right)+\left(x^2+\frac{y^2}{4}-xy\right)+xy=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\frac{1}{x}\right)^2+\left(x-\frac{y}{2}\right)^2=2-xy\)
\(\Rightarrow2-xy\ge0\Leftrightarrow xy\le2\) có GTLN là \(2\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=1;y=2\)
Cho x,y,z >0 thỏa mãn x+y+z = 2. Tìm GTLN của biểu thức
\(P=\sqrt{2x+yz}+\sqrt{2y+xz}+\sqrt{2z+xy}\)
\(\sqrt{2x+yz}=\sqrt{x\left(x+y+z\right)+yz}=\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x+y+x+z\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(2x+y+z\right)\)
Tương tự: \(\sqrt{2y+xz}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x+2y+z\right)\) ; \(\sqrt{2z+xy}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x+y+2z\right)\)
Cộng vế:
\(P\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(4x+4y+4z\right)=4\)
\(P_{max}=4\) khi \(x=y=z=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
P = \(1.\sqrt{2x+yz}+1.\sqrt{2y+xz}+1.\sqrt{2z+xy}\)
\(\le\sqrt{\left(1^2+1^2+1^2\right)\left(2x+yz+2y+xz+2z+xy\right)}\)
\(=\sqrt{3.\left(4+xy+yz+zx\right)}\)
Đã biết x2 + y2 + z2 \(\ge\)xy + yz + zx
=> xy + yz + zx \(\le\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}\)
Khi đó \(P\le\sqrt{3\left(4+xy+yz+zx\right)}\le\sqrt{3\left[4+\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}\right]}\)
= 4
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x = 2/3
\(\sqrt{2x+yz}=\sqrt{\left(x+y+z\right)x+yz}=\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}\le\dfrac{x+2y+z}{2}\\ \Leftrightarrow P=\sum\sqrt{2x+yz}\le\dfrac{x+2y+z+2x+y+z+x+y+2z}{2}=\dfrac{4\left(x+y+z\right)}{2}=2\cdot2=4\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
\(A=xy+xz+2yz+2xz=x\left(y+z\right)+2z\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=x\left(6-x\right)+2z\left(6-z\right)=-x^2+6x+2\left(-z^2+6z\right)\)
\(=-\left(x-3\right)^2-2\left(z-3\right)^2+27\le27\)
\(A_{max}=27\) khi \(\left(x;y;z\right)=\left(3;0;3\right)\)
x2 + y2 = \(\sqrt{9-4\sqrt{5}}+\sqrt{14-6\sqrt{5}}\) = \(\sqrt{5}-2+3-\sqrt{5}=1\)
Ta có
P = xy \(\le\frac{x^2+y^2}{2}=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\left(x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}\right)+\left(x^2+\frac{y^2}{4}\right)=4\)
\(x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}\ge2.\sqrt{x^2.\frac{1}{x^2}}=2\)
\(x^2+\frac{y^2}{4}\ge2.\sqrt{x^2.\frac{y^2}{4}}=2.\left|\frac{xy}{2}\right|=\left|xy\right|\)
=> \(4=\left(x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}\right)+\left(x^2+\frac{y^2}{4}\right)\ge2+\left|xy\right|\)
=> \(\left|xy\right|\le2\Rightarrow xy\le2\)
Vậy Max (xy) = 2 khi |x| = 1 và |y| = 2.|x| = 2
\(2x+y=6\Rightarrow y=6-2x\) Thay vào P ta được :
\(P=x\left(6-2x\right)=6x-2x^2=-2\left(x^2-3x\right)=-2\left[x^2-2.x.\frac{3}{2}+\left(\frac{3}{2}\right)^2-\left(\frac{3}{2}\right)^2\right]\)
\(=-2\left[\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2-\frac{9}{4}\right]=-2\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2-2.\frac{-9}{4}=-2\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2+\frac{9}{2}\)
Vì \(-2\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2\le0\) \(\forall x\) nên \(-2\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2+\frac{9}{2}\le\frac{9}{2}\forall x\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(-2\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2=0\Rightarrow x=\frac{3}{2}\Rightarrow y=6-2.\frac{3}{2}=3\)
Vậy \(P_{max}=\frac{9}{2}\) tại \(x=\frac{3}{2};y=3\)