cho biểu thức đại số :A=2x^2y+xz^100-3yz^0+3. Tính giá trị của biểu thức A tại x=0, y=-1, z=1.
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\(A=2\cdot0^{-1}+0\cdot1^{100}-3\cdot\left(-1\right)\cdot1^0+3=3+3=6\)
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{z}=-\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{1}{z}\right)^3=-\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)^3\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{z^3}=-\left(\dfrac{1}{x^3}+3\cdot\dfrac{1}{x^2}\cdot\dfrac{1}{y}+3\cdot\dfrac{1}{x}\cdot\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^3}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{z^3}=-\dfrac{1}{x^3}-\dfrac{3}{x^2y}-\dfrac{3}{xy^2}-\dfrac{1}{y^3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{z^3}+\dfrac{1}{x^3}+\dfrac{1}{y^3}=-3\cdot\dfrac{1}{x}\cdot\dfrac{1}{y}\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{z^3}+\dfrac{1}{x^3}+\dfrac{1}{y^3}=-3\cdot\dfrac{1}{x}\cdot\dfrac{1}{y}\cdot-\dfrac{1}{z}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{z^3}+\dfrac{1}{x^3}+\dfrac{1}{y^3}=3\cdot\dfrac{1}{xyz}\)
\(\Rightarrow xyz\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{x^3}+\dfrac{1}{y^3}+\dfrac{1}{z^3}\right)=3\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{xyz}{x^3}+\dfrac{xyz}{y^3}+\dfrac{xyz}{z^3}=3\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{yz}{x^2}+\dfrac{xz}{y^2}+\dfrac{xy}{z^2}=3\)
Vậy \(A=3\)
Bài 1:
|\(x\)| = 1 ⇒ \(x\) \(\in\) {-\(\dfrac{1}{3}\); \(\dfrac{1}{3}\)}
A(-1) = 2(-\(\dfrac{1}{3}\))2 - 3.(-\(\dfrac{1}{3}\)) + 5
A(-1) = \(\dfrac{2}{9}\) + 1 + 5
A (-1) = \(\dfrac{56}{9}\)
A(1) = 2.(\(\dfrac{1}{3}\) )2- \(\dfrac{1}{3}\).3 + 5
A(1) = \(\dfrac{2}{9}\) - 1 + 5
A(1) = \(\dfrac{38}{9}\)
|y| = 1 ⇒ y \(\in\) {-1; 1}
⇒ (\(x;y\)) = (-\(\dfrac{1}{3}\); -1); (-\(\dfrac{1}{3}\); 1); (\(\dfrac{1}{3};-1\)); (\(\dfrac{1}{3};1\))
B(-\(\dfrac{1}{3}\);-1) = 2.(-\(\dfrac{1}{3}\))2 - 3.(-\(\dfrac{1}{3}\)).(-1) + (-1)2
B(-\(\dfrac{1}{3}\); -1) = \(\dfrac{2}{9}\) - 1 + 1
B(-\(\dfrac{1}{3}\); -1) = \(\dfrac{2}{9}\)
B(-\(\dfrac{1}{3}\); 1) = 2.(-\(\dfrac{1}{3}\))2 - 3.(-\(\dfrac{1}{3}\)).1 + 12
B(-\(\dfrac{1}{3};1\)) = \(\dfrac{2}{9}\) + 1 + 1
B(-\(\dfrac{1}{3}\); 1) = \(\dfrac{20}{9}\)
B(\(\dfrac{1}{3};-1\)) = 2.(\(\dfrac{1}{3}\))2 - 3.(\(\dfrac{1}{3}\)).(-1) + (-1)2
B(\(\dfrac{1}{3}\); -1) = \(\dfrac{2}{9}\) + 1 + 1
B(\(\dfrac{1}{3}\); -1) = \(\dfrac{20}{9}\)
B(\(\dfrac{1}{3}\); 1) = 2.(\(\dfrac{1}{3}\))2 - 3.(\(\dfrac{1}{3}\)).1 + (1)2
B(\(\dfrac{1}{3}\); 1) = \(\dfrac{2}{9}\) - 1 + 1
B(\(\dfrac{1}{3}\);1) = \(\dfrac{2}{9}\)
x2 + 2y2 + z2 - 2xy - 2y - 4z + 5 = 0
<=> ( x2 - 2xy + y2 ) + ( y2 - 2y + 1 ) + ( z2 - 4z + 4 ) = 0
<=> ( x - y )2 + ( y - 1 )2 + ( z - 2 )2 = 0
Vì \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\\\left(y-1\right)^2\ge0\\\left(z-2\right)^2\ge0\end{cases}}\forall x;y;z\)=> ( x - y )2 + ( y - 1 )2 + ( z - 2 )2\(\ge\)0\(\forall\)x ; y ; z
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=>\(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-y\right)^2=0\\\left(y-1\right)^2=0\\\left(z-2\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\)<=>\(\hept{\begin{cases}x=y=1\\z=2\end{cases}}\)( 1 )
Thay ( 1 ) vào A , ta được :
\(A=\left(1-1\right)^{2020}+\left(1-2\right)^{2020}+\left(2-3\right)^{2020}=0+1+1=2\)
Vậy A = 2
Ta có: \(x^2+2y^2+z^2-2xy-2y-4z+5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(y^2-2y+1\right)+\left(z^2-4z+4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+\left(z-2\right)^2=0\)
Mà \(VT\ge0\left(\forall x,y,z\right)\) nên dấu "=" xảy ra khi:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-y\right)^2=0\\\left(y-1\right)^2=0\\\left(z-2\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=y=1\\z=2\end{cases}}\)
tại x=0,y=-1,z=1 nên 2x^2y=0,xz^100=0,-3yz^0=3
=0+0+3+3
=6