Cho a,b là các số thực dương thỏa a+2b lớn hơn hoặc bằng 5
Cho P=2a +3b +1/a + 4/b. Tìm Pmin
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\(P=2a+3b+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{4}{b}=a+2b+\left(a+\frac{1}{a}\right)+\left(b+\frac{4}{b}\right)\)
\(\ge5+2\sqrt{a.\frac{1}{a}}+2\sqrt{b.\frac{4}{b}}=5+2+4=11\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(a=1;\)\(b=2\)
Vậy MIN P = 11 Khi a = 1; b = 2
Bài này là BĐT cosi
\(P=2a+3b+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{4}{b}\)
\(P=a+2b+\left(a+\frac{1}{a}\right)+\left(b+\frac{4}{b}\right)\)
\(P\ge5+2\sqrt{a.\frac{1}{a}}+2\sqrt{b.\frac{4}{b}}=5+2+4=11\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a = 1/a <=> a = 1 ; b = 4/b <=> b = 2
a) Áp dụng BĐT Svácxơ, ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\dfrac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{a+b+c}=\dfrac{9}{6}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=2\)
Đặt vế trái của BĐT là P:
\(P=\sqrt{\left(a+2\right)\left(b+2\right)}+\sqrt{2b.\left(a+1\right)}\)
\(P\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a+2+b+2\right)+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(2b+a+1\right)\)
\(P\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(2a+3b+5\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}.2024=1012\)
Dấu "=" không xảy ra
\(Ta có: \(\frac{1}{2a+3b+3c}=\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)+\left(a+c\right)+2\left(b+c\right)}\) Theo Cauchy: \(\frac{1}{x+y}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\) => \(\frac{1}{2a+3b+3c}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)+\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{1}{2\left(b+c\right)}\right)\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1} {4}\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{a+c}\right)+\frac{1}{2\left(b+c\right)}\right)\) => \(\frac{1}{2a+3b+3c}\le\frac{1}{8}\left(\frac{1}{2\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{1}{2\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{1}{b+c}\right)\) Tương tự: \(\frac{1}{3a+2b+3c}\le\frac{1}{8}\left(\frac{1}{2\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{1}{2\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{1}{a+c}\right)\) Và: \(\frac{1}{3a+3b+2c}\le\frac{1}{8}\left(\frac{1}{2\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{1}{2\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{1}{a+b}\right)\) => \(P\le\frac{1}{8}\left(\frac{2}{a+b}+\frac{2}{a+c}+\frac{2}{b+c}\right)=\frac{1}{4}.2017\) => Pmax = 2017:4=504,25\)
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{2a+3b+3c}=\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)+\left(a+c\right)+2\left(b+c\right)}\)
Theo Cauchy: \(\frac{1}{x+y}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\)
=> \(\frac{1}{2a+3b+3c}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)+\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{1}{2\left(b+c\right)}\right)\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{a+c}\right)+\frac{1}{2\left(b+c\right)}\right)\)
=> \(\frac{1}{2a+3b+3c}\le\frac{1}{8}\left(\frac{1}{2\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{1}{2\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{1}{b+c}\right)\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{1}{3a+2b+3c}\le\frac{1}{8}\left(\frac{1}{2\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{1}{2\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{1}{a+c}\right)\)
Và: \(\frac{1}{3a+3b+2c}\le\frac{1}{8}\left(\frac{1}{2\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{1}{2\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{1}{a+b}\right)\)
=> \(P\le\frac{1}{8}\left(\frac{2}{a+b}+\frac{2}{a+c}+\frac{2}{b+c}\right)=\frac{1}{4}.2017\)
=> Pmax = 2017:4=504,25
Lời giải:
a. Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si:
$\frac{1}{a}+\frac{a}{4}\geq 1$
$\frac{1}{b}+\frac{b}{4}\geq 1$
$\frac{1}{c}+\frac{c}{4}\geq 1$
Cộng theo vế:
$\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{a+b+c}{4}\geq 3$
$\Leftrightarrow \frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{6}{4}\geq 3$
$\Leftrightarrow \frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\geq \frac{3}{2}$ (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c=2$
b.
Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si:
$\frac{a^2}{c}+c\geq 2a$
$\frac{b^2}{a}+a\geq 2b$
$\frac{c^2}{b}+b\geq 2c$
$\Rightarrow \frac{a^2}{c}+\frac{b^2}{a}+\frac{c^2}{b}+(c+a+b)\geq 2(a+b+c)$
$\Rightarrow \frac{a^2}{c}+\frac{b^2}{a}+\frac{c^2}{b}\geq a+b+c=6$ (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c=2$
Đáp án A
Từ bảng biến thiên em thấy P min = P − 2 + 10 4 = 2 10 − 3 2
Ta có: P= \(2a+3b+\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{4}{b}\) = \(\text{}\text{}(\dfrac{1}{a}+a)+\left(\dfrac{4}{b}+b\right)+\left(a+2b\right)\)
Ta thấy: \(\text{}\text{}(\dfrac{1}{a}+a)\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{a}\cdot a}=2\)
\(\text{}\text{}\left(\dfrac{4}{b}+b\right)\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{4}{b}\cdot b}=4\)
Do đó: P \(\ge2+4+5=11\)
Vậy: P(min)=11 khi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{a}=a\\\dfrac{4}{b}=b\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=1\\b=2\end{matrix}\right..\)
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