Đốt cháy hoàn toàn 0,2mol hỗn hợp axetilen và metan thu được 13,2g CO2. Khối lượng axetilen có trong hỗn hợp trên là: A.1,3g B.2.6g C.2,8g D.5,2g
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a, \(CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2+2H_2O\)
\(2C_2H_2+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}4CO_2+2H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{CH_4}+n_{C_2H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(n_{CO_2}=n_{CH_4}+2n_{C_2H_2}=\dfrac{7,84}{22,4}=0,35\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CH_4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\n_{C_2H_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{CH_4}=\dfrac{0,25.22,4}{6,72}.100\%\approx83,33\%\\\%V_{C_2H_2}\approx16,67\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=2n_{CH_4}+\dfrac{5}{2}n_{C_2H_2}=0,625\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=0,625.32=20\left(g\right)\)
\(a,Gọi\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CH_4}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{C_2H_4}=b\left(mol\right)\\n_{C_2H_2}=c\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ n_{hhkhí}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{15,68}{22,4}=0,7\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Br_2}=\dfrac{64}{160}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:C_2H_4+Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_4Br_2\\ Mol:a\rightarrow a\\ C_2H_2+2Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_2Br_4\\ Mol:b\rightarrow2b\\ CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2+2H_2O\\ Mol:a\rightarrow2a\rightarrow a\)
\(C_2H_4+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CO_2+2H_2O\\ Mol:b\rightarrow3b\rightarrow2b\\ 2C_2H_2+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}4CO_2+2H_2O\\ Mol:c\rightarrow2,5c\rightarrow2c\\ Hệ.pt\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b+c=0,4\\b+2c=0,4\\a+2b+2c=0,7\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\left(mol\right)\\b=0,2\left(mol\right)\\c=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\%V_{CH_4}=\%V_{C_2H_2}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,4}=25\%\\ \%V_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,4}=50\%\)
\(m_{CH_4}=0,1.16=1,6\left(g\right)\\ m_{C_2H_4}=28.0,2=5,6\left(g\right)\\ m_{C_2H_2}=0,1.26=2,6\left(g\right)\\ \%m_{CH_4}=\dfrac{1,6}{1,6+5,6+2,6}=16,32\%\\ \%m_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{5,6}{1,6+5,6+2,6}=57,14\%\\ \%m_{C_2H_2}=100\%-16,32\%-57,14\%=26,54\%\)
\(b,PTHH:C_2H_5OH\rightarrow C_2H_4+H_2O\\ Mol:0,2\leftarrow0,2\\ m_{C_2H_5OH}=0,2.46=9,2\left(g\right)\)
Dài quá!!!
Bài 1:
Ta có: \(n_{C_2H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(2C_2H_2+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^O}4CO_2+2H_2O\)
a, \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{5}{2}n_{C_2H_2}=0,625\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=0,625.32=20\left(g\right)\)
b, \(n_{CO_2}=2n_{C_2H_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{CO_2}=0,5.44=22\left(g\right)\)
Bài 2:
Ta có: \(\%V_{C_2H_2}=\%V_{CH_4}=50\%\) (do tỉ lệ số mol 2 khí bằng nhau)
\(n_{hh}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15mol\)
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2mol\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CH_4}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{C_2H_2}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(CH_4+2O_2\rightarrow CO_2+2H_2O\)
\(C_2H_2+\dfrac{5}{2}O_2\rightarrow2CO_2+H_2O\)
Từ hai pt trên:\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=0,15\\x+2y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,05\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\%V_{CH_4}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,1+0,05}\cdot100\%=66,67\%\)
\(\%V_{C_2H_2}=100\%-66,67\%=33,33\%\)
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{V_{CO_2}}{22,4}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2mol\)
Gọi \(n_{CH_4}\) là x \(\Rightarrow V_{CH_4}=22,4x\)
\(n_{C_2H_2}\) là y \(\Rightarrow V_{C_2H_2}=22,4y\)
\(CH_4+2O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)CO_2+2H_2O\)
x x ( mol )
\(2C_2H_2+5O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)4CO_2+2H_2O\)
y 2y ( mol )
Ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}22,4x+22,4y=3,36\\x+2y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,05\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{CH_4}=22,4.0,1=2,24l\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{C_2H_2}=22,4.0,05=1,12l\)
\(\%V_{CH_4}=\dfrac{2,24}{3,36}.100=66,67\%\)
\(\%V_{C_2H_2}=100\%-66,67\%=33,33\%\)
Chọn đáp án B
Để ý thấy các chất trong X là
đều có 4 nguyên tử C
\(n_{C_2H_2}=a\left(mol\right),n_{CH_4}=b\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b=0.2\left(1\right)\)
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{13.2}{44}=0.3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow2a+b=0.3\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=b=0.1\)
\(m_{C_2H_2}=0.1\cdot26=2.6\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{C_2H_2} = a(mol) ; n_{CH_4} = b(mol)\\ \Rightarrow a + b = 0,2(1)\\ C_2H_2 + \dfrac{5}{2}O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2CO_2 + H_2O\\ CH_4 + 2O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} CO_2 + 2H_2O\\ n_{CO_2} = 2a + b = \dfrac{13,2}{44} = 0,3(2)\\ (1)(2)\Rightarrow a = 0,1 ; b = 0,2\\ m_{C_2H_2} = 0,1.26 = 2,6(gam)\)