Xác định thành phần trăm theo khối lượng của các nguyên tố có trong hợp chất Fe(OH)3 biết (Fe: 56, O: 16, H: 1)
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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Al=\dfrac{27.2}{342}.100\%=15,79\%\\\%S=\dfrac{32.3}{342}.100\%=28,07\%\\\%O=\dfrac{16.12}{342}.100\%=56,14\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Fe=\dfrac{56.3}{232}.100\%=72,414\%\\\%O=\dfrac{4.16}{232}.100\%=27,586\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
klpt : Fe2O3 là : 56.2+16.3=160(amu)
%Fe = \(\dfrac{56.2}{160}\) . 100% = 70%
%O = \(\dfrac{16.3}{160}\) . 100% = 305
Làm ơn tick cho mk
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Bài 1:
\(1,M_{MgCO_3}=84(g/mol)\\ \begin{cases} \%_{Mg}=\dfrac{24}{84}.100\%=28,57\%\\ \%_{C}=\dfrac{12}{84}.100\%=14,29\%\\ \%_{O}=100\%-28,57\%-14,29\%=57,14\% \end{cases}\)
\(2,M_{Al(OH)_3}=78(g/mol)\\ \begin{cases} \%_{Al}=\dfrac{27}{78}.100\%=31,62\%\\ \%_{H}=\dfrac{3}{78}.100\%=3,85\%\\ \%_{O}=100\%-31,62\%-3,85\%=64,53\% \end{cases}\)
\(3,M_{(NH_4)_2HPO_4}=132(g/mol)\\ \begin{cases} \%_{N}=\dfrac{28}{132}.100\%=21,21\%\\ \%_{H}=\dfrac{9}{132}.100\%=6,82\%\\ \%_{P}=\dfrac{31}{132}.100\%=23,48\%\\ \%_{O}=100\%-23,48\%-6,82\%-21,21\%48,49\% \end{cases}\)
\(4,M_{C_2H_5COOCH_3}=88(g/mol)\\ \begin{cases} \%_{C}=\dfrac{48}{88}.100\%=54,55\%\\ \%_{H}=\dfrac{8}{88}.100\%=9,09\%\\ \%_{O}=100\%-9,09\%-54,55\%=36,36\% \end{cases}\)
Bài 2:
\(c,\%_{Al(AlCl_3)}=\dfrac{27}{27+35,5.3}.100\%=20,22\%\\ \%_{Al(Al_2O_3)}=\dfrac{27.2}{27.2+16.3}.100\%=52,94\%\\ \%_{Al(AlBr_3)}=\dfrac{27}{27+80.3}.100\%=10,11\%\\ \%_{Al(Al_2S_3)}=\dfrac{27.2}{27.2+32.3}.100\%=36\%\)
Vậy \(Al_2O_3\) có \(\%Al\) cao nhất và \(AlBr_3\) có \(\%Al\) nhỏ nhất
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(PTK_X=102\left(đvC\right)\\ \Rightarrow M_X=102\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_O=\%O.M_X=47,06\%.102=48\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_O=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{48}{16}=3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow CTHH.của.M.có.dạng:X_2O_3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow X.2+16.3=102\\ \Leftrightarrow X=27\left(đvC\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow X.là.Al\left(nhôm\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow CTHH.của.M:Al_2O_3\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Gọi công thức chung là FexSyOz
%O2=48%
x:y:z=\(\dfrac{28}{56}:\dfrac{24}{32}:\dfrac{48}{16}=0,5:0,75:3=2:3:12\)
=> CTHH Fe2(SO4)3
tên: Sắt (III)sunfat
\(M_{Fe(OH)_3}=56+17.3=107(đvC)\\ \%_{Fe}=\dfrac{56}{107}.100\%=52,34\%\\ \%_O=\dfrac{48}{107}.100\%=44,86\%\\ \%_H=100\%-52,34\%-44,86\%=2,8\%\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Fe=\dfrac{56.1}{107}.100\%=52,336\%\\\%O=\dfrac{16.3}{107}.100\%=44,86\%\\\%H=\dfrac{1.3}{107}.100\%=2,804\end{matrix}\right.\)