Tìm giá trị nhỏ nhất của biểu thức: \(M=2x^2+5y^2-2xy+1\)
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\(M=2x^2+5y^2-2xy+2y+2x\)
\(2M=4x^2+10y^2-4xy+4y+4x\)
\(2M=\left(4x^2-4xy+y^2\right)+9y^2+4x+4y\)
\(2M=\left[\left(2x-y\right)^2+2\left(2x-y\right)+1\right]+\left(9y^2+6y+1\right)-2\)
\(2M=\left(2x-y+1\right)^2+\left(3y+1\right)^2-2\)
Do : \(\left(2x-y+1\right)^2\ge0\forall x;y\)
\(\left(3y+1\right)^2\ge0\forall y\)
\(\Rightarrow2M\ge-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M\ge-1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi :
\(\hept{\begin{cases}2x-y+1=0\\3y+1=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{-2}{3}\\y=\frac{-1}{3}\end{cases}}\)
Vậy ....
E = 2x^2 - 5x -2 = 2( x^2 -5/2x -1) = 2(x^2 - 2.x.5/4 +25/16 - 41/16) = 2(x - 5/4 )^2 + 41/8
Vậy GTNN của biểu thức là 41/8 tại x = 5/4
F = x^2 + 5y^2 + 2xy -y +3 = (x^2 + 2xy +y^2) + (4y^2 - 2.2y.1/4 + 1/16) +47/16
(x + y)^2 + (2y - 1/4)^2 + 47/16
Vậy GTNN của BT là 47/16 tại x = y = 1/8
=x2-2xy+y2+4y2+4y+1+2
=(x-y)2+(2y+1)2+2\(\ge2\)
dấu bằng xảy ra khi x=y=-1/2
1. \(A=2x^2-6x-2xy+y^2+10\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(x^2-6x+9\right)+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x-3\right)^2+1\)
Vì \(\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\) ; \(\left(x-3\right)^2\ge0\)\(\forall x;y\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x-3\right)^2+1\ge1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-y\right)^2=0\\\left(x-3\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=y=3\)
Vậy minA = 1 \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=3\)
2. \(A=5+2xy+14y-x^2-5y^2-2x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=-\left(x^2-2xy+y^2+2x-2y+1\right)-\left(4y^2-12y+9\right)+15\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=-\left(x-y+1\right)^2-\left(2y-3\right)^2+15\)
Vì \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-y+1\right)^2\ge0\\\left(2y-3\right)^2\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\forall x;y\)
\(\Rightarrow A=-\left(x-y+1\right)^2-\left(2y-3\right)^2+15\le15\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-y+1\right)^2=0\\\left(2y-3\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y=-1\\y=\frac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{1}{2}\\y=\frac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy maxA = 15 \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{1}{2}\\y=\frac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
1. A=2x2−6x−2xy+y2+10A=2x2−6x−2xy+y2+10
⇔A=(x2−2xy+y2)+(x2−6x+9)+1⇔A=(x2−2xy+y2)+(x2−6x+9)+1
⇔A=(x−y)2+(x−3)2+1⇔A=(x−y)2+(x−3)2+1
Vì (x−y)2≥0(x−y)2≥0 ; (x−3)2≥0(x−3)2≥0∀x;y∀x;y
⇒A=(x−y)2+(x−3)2+1≥1⇒A=(x−y)2+(x−3)2+1≥1
Dấu "=" xảy ra ⇔{(x−y)2=0(x−3)2=0⇔x=y=3⇔{(x−y)2=0(x−3)2=0⇔x=y=3
Vậy minA = 1 ⇔x=y=3⇔x=y=3
2. A=5+2xy+14y−x2−5y2−2xA=5+2xy+14y−x2−5y2−2x
⇔A=−(x2−2xy+y2+2x−2y+1)−(4y2−12y+9)+15⇔A=−(x2−2xy+y2+2x−2y+1)−(4y2−12y+9)+15
⇔A=−(x−y+1)2−(2y−3)2+15⇔A=−(x−y+1)2−(2y−3)2+15
Vì {(x−y+1)2≥0(2y−3)2≥0{(x−y+1)2≥0(2y−3)2≥0∀x;y∀x;y
⇒A=−(x−y+1)2−(2y−3)2+15≤15⇒A=−(x−y+1)2−(2y−3)2+15≤15
Dấu "=" xảy ra ⇔{(x−y+1)2=0(2y−3)2=0⇔{x−y=−1y=32⇔{x=12y=32⇔{(x−y+1)2=0(2y−3)2=0⇔{x−y=−1y=32⇔{x=12y=32
Vậy maxA = 15 ⇔{x=12y=32
\(M=5x^2+y^2-2x+2y+2xy+2004\)
\(=\left(x^2+2x+1\right)+2y\left(x+1\right)+y^2+4x^2-4x+1+2002\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)^2+2y\left(x+1\right)+y^2+\left(2x-1\right)^2+2002\)
\(=\left(x+1+y\right)^2+\left(2x-1\right)^2+2003\ge2002\) với mọi x,y
=> \(M_{min}=2002\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y+1=0\\2x-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-\dfrac{3}{2}\\x=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(M_{min}=2002\)
M = 2x2 + 5y2 - 2xy + 1
=> 2M = 4x2 + 10y2 - 4xy + 2
= (4x2 - 4xy + y2) + 9y2 + 2
= (4x - y)2 + (3y)2 + 2
=> M = \(\frac{\left(4x-y\right)^2}{2}+\frac{\left(3y\right)^2}{2}+1\ge1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}4x-y=0\\3y=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow x=y=0\)
Vậy Min M = 1 <=> x = y = 0