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\(n_{C_3H_8}=\dfrac{8,8}{44}=0,2mol\)
\(C_3H_8+5O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)3CO_2+4H_2O\)
0,2 1 ( mol )
\(2KMnO_4\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)
2 1 ( mol )
\(m_{KMnO_4}=2.158=316g\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5.4}{27}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}2Al_2O_3\)
\(0.2..........0.15\)
\(V_{O_2}=0.15\cdot22.4=3.36\left(l\right)\)
\(2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)
\(0.3...............................................0.15\)
\(m_{KMnO_4}=0.3\cdot158=47.4\left(g\right)\)
ta có :
2Mg+O2-to>2MgO
x--------0,5x
2Zn+O2-to>2ZnO
y-------0,5y
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+65y=14,58\\0,5x+0,5y=0,15\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>x=0,12 mol ,y=0,18 mol
=>%mMg=\(\dfrac{0,12.24}{14,58}100\)=19,753%
=>%mZn=80,247%
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{4,8}{32}=0,15mol\)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=x\\n_{Zn}=y\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(2Mg+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2MgO\)
x 1/2 x ( mol )
\(2Zn+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2ZnO\)
y 1/2 y ( mol )
Ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+65y=14,58\\\dfrac{1}{2}x+\dfrac{1}{2}y=0,15\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,12\\y=0,18\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Mg}=0,12.24=2,88g\\m_{Zn}=0,18.65=11,7g\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{2,88}{14,58}.100=19,75\%\\\%m_{Zn}=100\%-19,75\%=80,25\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 1 :
\(n_{Na}=\dfrac{m}{M}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(4Na+O_2\rightarrow2Na_2O\)
..0,1....0,025....0,05.......
a, \(V_{O_2}=n.22,4=0,56\left(l\right)\)
b, \(m=m_{Na_2o}=n.M=3,1\left(g\right)\)
Bài 2 :
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{m}{M}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(4Al+3O_2\rightarrow2Al_2O_3\)
..0,1...0,075...
\(\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=0,075\left(mol\right)\)
Mà : \(\Sigma n_{O_2}=\dfrac{V}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{O_2\left(Mg\right)}=0,4-0,075=0,325\left(mol\right)\)
\(2Mg+O_2\rightarrow2MgO\)
.0,65.....0,325........
\(\Rightarrow m_{Mg}=15,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{hh}=2,7+15,6=18,3\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Al=~14,75\\\%Mg=~85,25\end{matrix}\right.\) %
Bài 3 :
- Gọi số mol Al và Mg lần lượt là x , y
\(4Al+3O_2\rightarrow2Al_2O_3\)
..x....0,75x
\(2Mg+O_2\rightarrow2MgO\)
..y........0,5y...........
Có : \(n_{O_2}=0,75x+0,5y=\dfrac{V}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\left(I\right)\)
Lại có : \(m_{hh}=m_{Al}+m_{Mg}=27x+24y=3,9\left(II\right)\)
- Giair ( i ) và ( ii ) ta được : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,05\end{matrix}\right.\) ( mol )
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Al=~69,23\\\%Mg=~30,77\end{matrix}\right.\) %
Vậy ...
Có lẽ đề cho "Đốt cháy hoàn toàn 5,4 g Al" bạn nhỉ?
a, PT: \(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\)
Ta có: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3}{4}n_{Al}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)
b, PT: \(2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{KMnO_4}=2n_{O_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{KMnO_4}=0,3.158=47,4\left(g\right)\)
Câu 6.
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{16,8}{22,4}=0,75mol\)
\(2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)
1,5 0,75
\(m_{KMnO_4}=1,5\cdot158=237g\)
Câu 7.
\(n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{4,64}{232}=0,02mol\)
\(3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe_3O_4\)
0,04 0,02
\(2KClO_3\underrightarrow{t^o}2KCl+3O_2\)
\(\dfrac{2}{75}\) 0,04
\(m_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{2}{75}\cdot122,5=\dfrac{49}{15}\approx3,27g\)
PTHH: \(4Al+3O_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}2Al_2O_3\)
\(2KMnO_4\xrightarrow[]{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\uparrow\)
Ta có: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{O_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\n_{KMnO_4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{O_2}=0,15\cdot22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\\m_{KMnO_4}=0,3\cdot158=47,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_C=\dfrac{1.2}{12}=0.1\left(mol\right)\\ n_S=\dfrac{4}{32}=0.125\left(mol\right)\)
\(2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{t^0}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)
\(C+O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}CO_2\)
\(S+O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}SO_2\)
\(\sum n_{O_2}=n_C+n_S=0.1+0.125=0.225\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{KMnO_4}=2n_{O_2}=0.225\cdot2=0.45\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{KMnO_4}=0.45\cdot158=71.1\left(g\right)\)
2KMnO4 -to>K2MnO4+O2+MnO2
0,45------------------------0,225
C+O2-to>CO2
0,1--0,1
S+O2-to>SO2
0,125-0,125
n C=1,2\12=0,1 mol
n S=4\32=0,125 mol
=>m KMnO4=0,45.158=77,1g