cho x,y>0. tìm GTNN của \(A=\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{xy}+\dfrac{\sqrt{xy}}{x+y}\)
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\(P=\dfrac{y}{x}+\dfrac{x}{y}+\left(\dfrac{x}{3y}+3xy+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}\right)+12\left(xy+\dfrac{1}{9}\right)-2\)
\(P\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{xy}{xy}}+4\sqrt[4]{\dfrac{3x^2y}{27y}}+12.2\sqrt{\dfrac{xy}{9}}-2\)
\(P\ge4\sqrt{\dfrac{x}{3}}+8\sqrt{xy}=4\left(2\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{\dfrac{x}{3}}\right)=4\)
\(P_{min}=4\) khi \(x=y=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(2=3\sqrt{xy}+2\sqrt{xz}\le\dfrac{3}{2}\left(x+y\right)+x+z\)
\(\Rightarrow5x+3y+2z\ge4\)
\(A=5\left(\dfrac{xy}{z}+\dfrac{xz}{y}\right)+3\left(\dfrac{xy}{z}+\dfrac{yz}{x}\right)+2\left(\dfrac{xz}{y}+\dfrac{yz}{x}\right)\)
\(A\ge5.2x+3.2y+2.2z=2\left(5x+3y+2z\right)\ge8\)
\(A_{min}=8\) khi \(x=y=z=\dfrac{2}{5}\)
\(A=\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{xy}+\dfrac{xy}{x^2+y^2}=\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{4xy}+\dfrac{xy}{x^2+y^2}+\dfrac{3\left(x^2+y^2\right)}{4xy}\)
\(A\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(x^2+y^2\right)xy}{4xy\left(x^2+y^2\right)}}+\dfrac{3.2xy}{4xy}=\dfrac{5}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y\)
\(C=\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2-4xy}{xy}+\dfrac{6xy}{\left(x+y\right)^2}=\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{xy}+\dfrac{6xy}{\left(x+y\right)^2}-4\)
\(C=\dfrac{3\left(x+y\right)^2}{8xy}+\dfrac{6xy}{\left(x+y\right)^2}+\dfrac{5\left(x+y\right)^2}{8xy}-4\)
\(C\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{18xy\left(x+y\right)^2}{8xy\left(x+y\right)^2}}+\dfrac{5.4xy}{8xy}-4=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y\)
\(\dfrac{\left(x+y+1\right)^2}{xy+x+y}\ge\dfrac{3\left(xy+x+y\right)}{xy+x+y}=3\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{8\left(x+y+1\right)^2}{9\left(xy+x+y\right)}+\dfrac{\left(x+y+1\right)^2}{9\left(xy+x+y\right)}+\dfrac{xy+x+y}{\left(x+y+1\right)^2}\)
\(A\ge\dfrac{8}{9}.3+2\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(x+y+1\right)^2\left(xy+x+y\right)}{\left(xy+x+y\right)\left(x+y+1\right)^2}}=\dfrac{10}{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=1\)
\(A\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2\left(x+y+z\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x+y+z\right)\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(A_{min}=\dfrac{1}{2}\) khi \(x=y=z=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
Ta có \(x+y+z\ge\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\sqrt{xy}+y\right)+\left(y-2\sqrt{yz}+z\right)+\left(z-2\sqrt{zx}+x\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{y}-\sqrt{z}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{z}-\sqrt{x}\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Vậy \(x+y+z\ge\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}=1\)
Theo BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel
\(A=\dfrac{x^2}{x+y}+\dfrac{y^2}{y+z}+\dfrac{z^2}{z+x}\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2\left(x+y+z\right)}=\dfrac{x+y+z}{2}\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x}{x+y}=\dfrac{y}{y+z}=\dfrac{z}{z+x}\\\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(A=\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{xy}+\dfrac{2xy}{x^2+y^2}=\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{2xy}+\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{2xy}+\dfrac{2xy}{x^2+y^2}\)
\(A\ge\dfrac{2xy}{2xy}+2\sqrt{\left(\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{2xy}\right)\left(\dfrac{2xy}{x^2+y^2}\right)}=3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y\)
\(B=\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2-4xy}{xy}+\dfrac{4xy}{\left(x+y\right)^2}=\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{xy}+\dfrac{4xy}{\left(x+y\right)^2}-4\)
\(B=\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{4xy}+\dfrac{4xy}{\left(x+y\right)^2}+\dfrac{3}{4}.\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{xy}-4\)
\(B\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2.4xy}{4xy.\left(x+y\right)^2}}+\dfrac{3}{4}.\dfrac{4xy}{xy}-4=1\)
\(B_{min}=1\) khi \(x=y\)
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky:
$(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{2}{xy})(x^2+y^2+2xy)\geq (1+1+2)^2=16$
$\Rightarrow \frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{2}{xy}\geq \frac{16}{(x+y)^2}=16$
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
$xy\leq \frac{(x+y)^2}{4}=\frac{1}{4}$
$\Rightarrow \frac{2}{xy}\geq 8$
Cộng 2 BĐT trên lại:
$P\geq 16+8=24$
Vậy $P_{\min}=24$ khi $x=y=\frac{1}{2}$
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky:
$(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{2}{xy})(x^2+y^2+2xy)\geq (1+1+2)^2=16$
$\Rightarrow \frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{2}{xy}\geq \frac{16}{(x+y)^2}=16$
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
$xy\leq \frac{(x+y)^2}{4}=\frac{1}{4}$
$\Rightarrow \frac{2}{xy}\geq 8$
Cộng 2 BĐT trên lại:
$P\geq 16+8=24$
Vậy $P_{\min}=24$ khi $x=y=\frac{1}{2}$
\(A\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2xy}+\dfrac{\sqrt{xy}}{x+y}\)
\(A\ge\dfrac{7\left(x+y\right)^2}{16xy}+\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{16xy}+\dfrac{\sqrt{xy}}{2\left(x+y\right)}+\dfrac{\sqrt{xy}}{2\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(A\ge\dfrac{7.4xy}{16xy}+3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2xy}{16.4.xy\left(x+y\right)^2}}=\dfrac{5}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y\)